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By Matthew Shafer Ginkgo Ginkgo biloba 7/18/2015 1 Scientific Classification 7/18/2015 Kingdom- Plantae Division- Ginkgophyta Class- Ginkgoopsida Order- Ginkgoales Family- Ginkgoaceae Genus- Ginkgo Linnaeus Species- Ginkgo biloba 2 Description of Tree 1) Ginkgo usually matures to about 80' tall by 60‘ wide. 2) Trunk may get up to 3' in diameter with age. 3) Alternate Branching 4) Ginkgo can live up to 100,000 years. Ginkgo Biloba is one of the oldest living tree species, dating back over 300 million years. 7/18/2015 3 Description of Leaves 1) Ginkgo is deciduous 2) Alternate arrangement 3) Simple blade 4) Simple from 5) 2 lobed apex 6) Acute base 7) Fan-shaped 9) Leaves’ fall color is usually a green-yellow. However, can be a golden-yellow when growing under excellent conditions. 7/18/2015 4 Root System 7/18/2015 Roots bear deep into ground to provide stable base and support for tree. Roots branch over wide area. 5 Reproduction 1) Ginkgo is dioecious, meaning male and female flowers are borne on separate trees. -Hanging catkins on male trees pollinate the hanging pistillate flowers on 2" peduncles on female trees in March and April. -Ginkgo may not flower or fruit until it is about twenty years old. 2) Wind is the main transporter of pollen for the ginkgo tree. 3) Fruits on female trees are an abundant tan-orange oval fruit which hang from the spur shoots. -Fruits have very foul smell. -Since male trees produce no fruit, they are most commonly planted. 7/18/2015 6 Reproduction Ginkgo Flower 7/18/2015 Ginkgo Fruit 7 Distribution in the World 1) Ginkgo in native to China. - Ginkgoes are distributed all over the world due to its adaptation to many types of climate. 7/18/2015 8 Ginkgo Environment 7/18/2015 Much sunlight is required for Ginkgo growth. Ginkgo prefers moist, deep, sandy soils Also is adaptable to stressful situations, including poor soils, compacted soils, heat, and drought, 9 Ginkgo Ecological Importance 7/18/2015 Ginkgoes are mainly used as only ornamental trees. Small insects feed off of the gingko tree. Animals also eat fallen seeds from ginkgo. 10 Ginkgo Economic Importance 7/18/2015 Gingko seeds are eaten throughout the Asia. Ginkgo extracts have played a crucial role in Chinese herbal medicine for many centuries. Ginkgo can be used in medicine to help illnesses such as bladder ailments, monorrhea, uterine fluxes, and cardiovascular ailments. If can also be used to help prevent memory loss. 11 References -http://www.hcs.ohio-state.edu/hcs/TMI/Plantlist/gi_iloba.html -http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/seedplants/ginkgoales/ginkgo.html -http://www.xs4all.nl/~kwanten/name.htm -http://www.symmcorp.com/info/ginkgo.htm 7/18/2015 12