Transcript What makes a Plant a Plant?

Chapter 3: Plant Growth
and Reproduction
5th grade Science
Teacher Imarlys Cajigas
http://www.softschools.com/science/
plants/flower_anatomy.jsp
Big Idea: Plants have a variety of structures to help them
carry out life processes.
Lesson 1: How do Plants Grow?
 Vascular tissue- Tissue that supports plants and carries
water and food.
 Xylem- vascular tissue that carries water and nutrients
from roots to every part of a plant.
 Phloem- Vascular tissue that carries food from leaves to
all plant cells.
 Photosynthesis- The process in which plants make food
by using water from the soil, carbon dioxide from the air,
and energy from sunlight.
Non Vascular and Vascular Plants
Non Vascular
 Do not have true roots
but are anchored to the
soil with root-like
structures.
 Have leaf-like structures
but do not have veins to
transport materials.
 Absorb water and food
from their surroundings
directly into the cells of
the plant.
Vascular
 Have true roots that
anchor the plant and
absorb water and
nutrients from the soil.
 Have true leaves in
which the food making
process of
photosynthesis takes
place.
 Have stems in which
xylem and phloem
transport food and
nutrients to the roots
and leaves of the plant.
Plant Characteristics
They make their own food
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll
Chlorophyll absorbs energy
from the sun
Plants use the energy to make
food - glucose (sugar)
Process is called Photosynthesis
Leaves
Get the carbon dioxide from the
air.
The outer layer protects the leaf
from damage.
The coating helps to keep the
moisture inside the leaf.
Some water escape through tiny
holes called stomata.
Stomata open and close letting
carbon dioxide in and oxygen out.
Stomata can also close when water
is in short supply.
Chloroplasts:
Plant Characteristics
Plants Have
a Cuticle
(epidermis)
What is an epidermis?
A waxy layer
that coats the
surface of stems,
leaves, and
other plant parts
exposed to the
air.
Keeps plants
from drying out.
Roots
Roots absorb water and
nutrients from the soil.
A tap root is one large,
strong root that pushes deep
into the soil. It anchors the
plant firmly.
Some taproots store much
food that people use them for
food such as carrots and
beets.
Other plants have fibrous
roots that are thin and
branching. They spread out
to absorb water.
Stems
Act as pipelines for transporting
water and nutrients between roots
and leaves.
Provide support and hold the
leaves up to the sunlight.
Tall plants have woody cells that
make their stems stronger.
Plants without woody stems, water
pressure holds them upright.
Photosynthesis
Process by which plants and other
autotrophs make their food.
Requires sunlight, water, and carbon
dioxide.
Overall equation:
6 CO2 +
6 H 20

C6H12O6 +
Occurs in the leaves of plants in
organelles called chloroplasts.
6 O2
SUNLIGHT
Gives the plant energy
CHLOROPHYLL
WATER
Travels up from the
roots
CARBON DIOXIDE
Enters the leaf through small holes on the
underneath
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The green stuff
where the
chemical
reactions
happen
Plants need water to do the following:
Produce
glucose
Enable
transport of
minerals
Form
fruits
Keep the
leaves cool
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Enable
growth





Describe two kinds of vascular tissue.
Why is it hard to pull all of a plant out of the
ground?
Which part of the plant lets oxygen exit the
leaf?
What is the role of the chloroplasts in making
food for a plant?
What functions do roots perform?

What type of a root system would you expect
many desert plants to have?

What is the difference between the taproot
system and the fibrous root system?

How do vascular plants differ from non
vascular plants?
Classwork:
Workbook p. 17-18