Transcript review problems ppt for gamesx

1. Which provides the best evidence for the theory that faults
and volcanoes are results of tectonic plate interactions?
a. Faults on tectonic plates are in constant motion, but
volcanoes may not erupt for many years.
b. Faults and volcanoes existed long before there were
tectonic plates.
c. Tectonic plates that have many faults do not usually have
volcanoes.
d. Faults and volcanoes are often found at tectonic plate
boundaries.
2. The breakdown of rocks and minerals into smaller particles
without a change in composition is
called____________________________________________
a. igneous intrusion
b. chemical precipitation
c. mechanical weathering
d. metamorphic foliation
Metamorphic rocks with a layered or banded look are called —
a. foliated
b. unfoliated
c. striated
d. evaporated
. Which recent geologic processes commonly occur in the
Coastal Plain region of North Carolina?
a. Crustal uplift and rock deformation
b. Rifting and intrusion
c. Erosion and deposition
d. Subduction and metamorphism
Identical rock types, identical fossils, and very similar mountain
ranges are found on different continents that are separated by
a wide ocean. Which of these best explains these
observations?
a. Organisms traveled between these continents on land
bridges.
b. The same forces erode mountains in different locations.
c. These continents were joined together at one time in the
past.
d. Some rock types are very common and are found
everywhere.
6. The river shown on the topographic map flows fastest at point —
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
7. Which layer of the soil profile would be affected the most by
weathering and erosion?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
8. The folding and faulting found in the rocks of the
Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina were created by —
a. collisions of continental plates
b. wave action of prehistoric ocean
c. the Coriolis effect
d. heating and cooling of the prehistoric atmosphere
. The major disadvantage of using solar panels to generate
electricity is that solar panels —
a. release toxic fumes into the air
b. cannot convert energy efficiently
c. are affected by cloud coverage and day length
d. produce energy that cannot be stored
. Limestone chips dissolve after they are placed in a beaker of
dilute acid. Which geologic process is this most similar to?
a. Faulting
b. Folding
c. Weathering
d. Subduction
15.
The map above shows the earthquake activity in North Carolina over the past two decades. Based
on the information which section of North Carolina is most likely to experience an earthquake?
a. Piedmont
c. Outer coastal plain
b. Mountains
d. Inner coastal plain
Which statement describes the motion of Earth around the
sun?
A The speed of Earth is constant regardless of its distance from
the sun.
B The speed of Earth is constant because the distance remains
the same between Earth and the sun.
C Speed increases the farther Earth is from the sun and
decreases the closer it is to the sun.
D Speed increases the closer Earth is to the sun and decreases
the farther it is from the sun.
If it is summer in the northern hemisphere, which statement is
true?
A Earth has changed the tilt of its axis by 20 degrees due to its
revolution.
B It is winter in the southern hemisphere due to the tilt of
Earth’s axis.
C It is summer in the southern hemisphere due to the tilt of
Earth’s axis.
D Earth has reached its closest point to the sun due to its
revolution.
Which describes the difference between nuclear fission and
nuclear fusion?
A Nuclear fission is the process that produces the radiant
energy of stars, and nuclear fusion splits a heavier nucleus into
smaller nuclei.
B Nuclear fission splits a heavier nucleus into smaller nuclei,
and nuclear fusion is the process that produces the radiant
energy of stars.
C Nuclear fission produces the energy in the core of Earth, and
nuclear fusion produces energy in nuclear power plants.
D Nuclear fission produces energy in nuclear power plants, and
nuclear fusion produces the energy in the core of Earth.
How does a straight alignment between Earth, the sun, and the
moon impact the tides on Earth?
A It produces the greatest change in high and low tides.
B It produces the least change in high and low tides.
C It produces semidiurnal tides.
D It produces diurnal tides.
How does heat from the sun get to Earth?
A by radiation, using electromagnetic waves to transfer the
heat
B by convection, using liquids and gases to transfer the heat
C by conduction, using solids to transfer the heat
D by absorption, using primary waves to transfer the heat
Why do green plants require solar energy?
A to produce their own food
B to absorb nitrogen into their roots
C to release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
D to decompose the dead or decaying remains of plants
Which structure can form as a result of a divergent plate
boundary?
A a continental volcanic arc, due to the collision of two plates
B a continental mountain, due to the collision of two plates
C a mid-ocean ridge, due to the separation of two plates
D an ocean trench, due to the separation of two plates
Which would produce the most severe earthquake damage
along the surface of Earth?
A an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 2.5
B an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 2.5
C an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 4.5
D an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 4.5
Scientists are studying a graph showing the time differences
between the seismic P-waves and the seismic S-waves as they
travel through Earth. Which information can they learn from
the graph?
A the magnitude of an earthquake
B the duration of an earthquake
C the epicenter of an earthquake
D the intensity of an earthquake
Which agent of erosion leads to the formation of sand dunes?
A ice
B wind
C water
D gravity
How can water be an agent for physical weathering?
A by absorbing gases from the atmosphere and ground to
chemically react with minerals
B by seeping into the soil and dissolving the minerals in rocks
C by absorbing sulfur oxides and creating acid precipitation
D by seeping into the cracks of rocks and freezing
Which is most likely a prevention strategy for flooding?
A building artificial levees
B reducing water consumption
C recycling bottled-water containers
D building waste landfills for metals and other contaminants
How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact an
environment?
A by increasing oxygen production
B by increasing soil formation
C by increasing transpiration
D by increasing erosion
Large quantities of sand can be added to the beach to stabilize
the shoreline. Which describes a disadvantage of this process?
A It causes inland erosion.
B It is a short-term solution.
C It creates a barrier that prevents the tides from occurring
along the coastline.
D It creates a wall that disrupts the vegetation along the
coastline.
Which is an advantage of safely using uranium as an energy
source rather than using coal?
A Uranium produces energy without polluting the atmosphere,
while burning coal can increase the CO2 in the atmosphere.
B Uranium reduces the amount of thermal pollution, while
burning coal can increase the amount of thermal pollution.
C Uranium is the most cost-efficient energy resource, while coal
is the most expensive energy resource. D Uranium can be easily
mined from deep within Earth, while coal is a hard resource to
mine from deep within Earth.
Which results from the unequal heating of the ocean water of
Earth?
A a constant sea level
B changes in tidal patterns
C unchanging climate for all regions on Earth
D changes in ocean current patterns
Why are ocean currents important to coastal regions?
A They produce high and low tides along coastal regions.
B They can warm or cool the air temperatures along coastal
regions.
C They move vertically pushing warm water and nutrients to
the surface along coastal regions.
D They increase the rate of precipitation as cold water moves
along coastal regions.
Which is formed when a section of impermeable rock forces
groundwater to move laterally and emerge onto the surface of
Earth?
A a spring
B an aquifer
C a geyser
D a well
How could a long-term decrease in precipitation impact an
area?
A It could increase the average water level of lakes in the area.
B It could increase the amount of flooding in the area.
C It could decrease the amount of possible infiltration in the
area.
D It could decrease the possible amount of damage to crops in
the area.
Which consequence could an exponentially growing human
population have on drinkable water?
A It could cause a decrease in the amount of waste and
pollutants in the water supply.
B It could cause an increase in the amount of water available
for the population.
C It could cause an increase in cases of waterborne diseases.
D It could cause a decrease in needing water for survival.
A local government is considering whether to build a dam.
Which is an advantage of building this structure?
A It can decrease the accumulation of sediment in the water.
B It can improve the natural habitat of plants and animals.
C It is an inexpensive process.
D It can create a storage place for water.
The drilling for freshwater increases along a coastal area. What
is a likely consequence of this action?
A an intrusion of salt water into aquifers
B the loss of water resources in estuaries
C the destruction of estuaries because of an increase in sea
levels
D a decrease in salt concentration in inlet waterways
23 In which atmospheric layer of Earth do thunderstorms
occur?
A thermosphere
B mesosphere
C stratosphere
D troposphere
Which gas makes up the largest component of the Earth’s
atmosphere?
A argon (Ar)
B oxygen (O2)
C nitrogen (N2)
D carbon dioxide (CO2)
Which statement describes the general movement of air
masses?
A They move from areas of high pressure to areas of low
pressure.
B They move from areas of high altitude to areas of low
altitude.
C They move from areas of low humidity to areas of high
humidity.
D They move from areas of low temperature to areas of high
temperature.
Which most likely occurs when a fast-moving cold air mass
moves into a region of warmer, moist air?
A It causes light precipitation for a long period of time.
B It causes light precipitation for a short period of time.
C It causes heavy precipitation for a long period of time.
D It causes heavy precipitation for a short period of time.
Which contributes to the formation of hurricanes during the
late summer?
A the interaction between ocean water salinity and warm air
masses
B the interaction between ocean water currents and polar air
masses
C the interaction between ocean water temperatures and
warm air masses
D the interaction between ocean water salinity and ocean
water density
Which is a major source of air pollution created by humans?
A hydroelectric plants
B industrial factories
C reforestation
D nuclear power
15. How is the balance of heat energy maintained in the oceans?
a.
The sun’s energy is equally distributed throughout the oceans
b.
The tides transfer heat energy across the oceans
c.
The movement of waves transfers heat energy throughout the oceans
d.
Heat energy is cycled by currents between the equator and the polar regions.
15. In what type of soil would seepage of groundwater into streams occur the slowest?
a.
Fine sand
b.
Gravel
c.
Fine clay
d.
Silt
15. How would several wells in a given area affect the balance of groundwater recharge and
discharge?
a.
The wells would provide dissolved oxygen
b.
The wells would increase the water table level by adding water from runoff
c.
The wells would deplete the groundwater which is usually supplied by percolation
from rain
d.
The wells would provide storage areas for groundwater to maintain the water level
15. When a sewer pipe breaks near a stream which would most likely occur?
a.
Increase in salinity
b.
Decrease in dissolved nitrogen
c.
Decrease in dissolved oxygen
d.
Increase in pesticides
15. How does a cold front form?
a.
Warm air advances and replaces cold air
b.
Cold air advances, forcing warm air to rise
c.
Warm and cold air masses mix and meet
d.
Warm and cold air masses have no relative advancement
15. Why do planes fly in the stratosphere, the second-lowest layer of the atmosphere?
a.
To avoid storms and other weather events
b.
To receive better radio communication
c.
To fly at supersonic speeds without air resistance
d.
To avoid changes in air pressure
15. Many of the biomes that exist on Earth can be found in the western part of NC. What is
the primary reason for the existence of such a wide range of biomes in this area?
a.
The rivers and lakes in the mountain areas
b.
The wide range of altitudes of the mountains
c.
The types of rocks that make up the mountains
d.
The wind and water erosion of the mountains
15. Why would citizens be advised to recycle plastic products?
a.
Because the products are not biodegradable and would therefore accumulate
b.
Because this would increase the consumption of petroleum products
c.
Because this would decrease the amount of green industry jobs
d.
Because the products can be made into inexpensive public art
e.
nitrogen cycles
15.
Which type of clouds are tornadoes associated with?
a.
Cirrus
b.
Cumulonimbus
c.
Stratus
d.
Cumulus
Cracks in rocks widen as water in them freezes and thaws. How
does this affect the surface of the Earth?
A It reduces the rates of soil formation.
B It changes the chemical composition of the rocks.
C It exposes rocks to increased rates of erosion and
weathering.
D It limits the exposure of rocks to acid precipitation.
How can urbanization affect a local area?
A It can increase the number of invasive species in an area.
B It can decrease the risk of water pollution in an area.
C It can increase the risk of flooding in an area.
D It can decrease the need for natural resources in an area.
Which is a farming technique that could improve the soil and
the environment?
A using fueled machines that will turn the soil continuously
B creating undisturbed layers of mulch in the soil
C placing inorganic chemical fertilizers in the soil
D irrigating the soil with salty water
Subsurface ocean currents continually circulate from the warm
waters near the equator to the colder waters in other parts of
the world. What is the main cause of these currents?
A differences in the topography along the ocean floor
B differences in density of ocean water
C the rotation of Earth on its axis
D movement of the jet stream
What is most responsible for the presence of groundwater in
an area?
A the movement of water from a confined aquifer into surface
water
B the movement of surface water and precipitation through soil
and rock
C the movement of water from streams and rivers to
watersheds
D the movement of surface water through impermeable rock
Which is the most common contamination source for
freshwater resources?
A runoff
B digging wells
C melting of glaciers
D lightning
A community decides to upgrade its water purification and
management systems. What lasting impact could this have on
available freshwater?
A It could cause a decrease in water demand.
B It could cause a decrease in the water levels.
C It could cause an increase in waterborne diseases.
D It could cause an increase in the freshwater supply.
Which storm most likely develops as air masses interact with
the warm water in the northwest Pacific Ocean?
A typhoon
B tornado
C blizzard
D monsoon
Which is associated with an increase of chlorofluorocarbons in
the environment?
A an increase in health risks associated with UV radiation
B an increase in levels of methane gas in the atmosphere
C an increase in ozone levels in the upper atmosphere
D an increase in acid precipitation
Which natural phenomenon occurs as a result of Earth rotating
on its axis?
A movement of tectonic plates
B deep ocean currents
C seasonal changes
D day and night
Urban City X has been referred to as an urban heat island
because it tends to be warmer than the surrounding rural
areas. The report below lists changes that have occurred in one
year in Urban City X. Report for Urban City X:  Eight roads
were repaved.  The population increased by 20%.  Public
transportation increased by 5%.  Four new apartment
complexes were built.  Plans were drafted to build a local
park.  A meeting was held about alternative energy sources.
What is the main cause of Urban City X being an urban heat
island?
A the planting of trees and other vegetation
B the building of rooftop gardens
C the installation of solar panels
D the construction of parking areas and road
What long-term impact could the destruction of large areas of
forests have on Earth?
A decreased rates of erosion
B increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels
C decreased amounts of acid rain
D increased atmospheric oxygen levels
Why is it important to conserve the biodiversity of Earth?
A to decrease the amount of global predator populations
B to decrease the stability of major global ocean currents
C to increase the stability of ecosystems during environmental
changes
D to increase the amount of nonrenewable resources located
in the lithosphere
How does the tilt of the Earth’s axis affect the seasons?
A by changing the amount of direct solar energy reaching the
surface of Earth
B by influencing the rate of chemical reactions occurring in the
atmosphere
C by deflecting the harmful rays of radiation emitted by the sun
D by changing the speed of the rotation of Earth
How could the introduction of a nonnative species of plant
affect an ecosystem in North Carolina?
A It could pollinate the native plant species, producing a
disease-resistant species.
B It could reduce the competition for space and light with
native plant species.
C It could take over the habitats of the native plant species.
D It could cause some insect species to destroy native plant
species.
Which change would best aid a farmer in making the transition
from conventional farming techniques to more sustainable
farming techniques?
A reduce the ratio of essential elements in the fertilize
r B irrigate crops using well water
C rotate the types of crops grown
D plant only genetically modified crops
Which would most likely cause a reduction in the amount of
coal and natural gas on Earth?
A a continual increase in the amount of pollution in Earth’s
atmosphere
B a continual increase in the number of people on Earth
C a continual decrease in the amount of water in Earth’s
aquifers
D a continual decrease in the amount of rain forests on Earth
Which is an effect of lower levels of solar radiation striking
Earth?
A increased incidences of skin cancer
B decreased rates of photosynthesis
C increased phytoplankton activity
D decreased carbon dioxide levels
Which will most likely form when movement along a plate
boundary forces a landmass to be pulled apart?
A volcanic island arc
B continental mountains
C continental rift
D oceanic trench