Transcript Theoretical Ecology course 2003 DEB theory

Scope for quantitative
bioeconomics
Bas Kooijman
Dept theoretical biology
VU University Amsterdam
[email protected]
http://www.bio.vu.nl/thb
Copenhagen, 2016/06/22
Contents
• Introduction
• Allocation to soma
• Waste – to – hurry
• Supply-demand spectra
Biology ↔ Economy
similarities at various levels
internal organisation: individual ↔ firm
resource acquisition: specialist ↔ generalist
interaction: syntrophy, competition, predation, parasitism
dynamics: merging ↔ splitting
broad picture: micro ↔ macro level
Space-time scales
space
Each process has its characteristic domain of space-time scales
system earth
ecosystem
population
individual
cell
molecule
time
When changing the space-time scale,
new processes will become important
other will become less important
This can be used to simplify models,
by coupling space-time scales
Complex models are required
for small time and big space scales and vv
Models with many variables & parameters
hardly contribute to insight
Standard DEB scheme
1 food type, 1 reserve, 1 structure, isomorph
food
feeding
defecation
faeces
assimilation
reserve
somatic
maintenance
growth
structure

1-
maturity
maintenance
maturation
reproduction
maturity
offspring
Homeostasis
strong homeostasis
constant composition of pools (reserves/structures)
generalized compounds, stoichiometric constraints on synthesis
weak homeostasis
constant composition of biomass during growth in constant environments
determines reserve dynamics (in combination with strong homeostasis)
structural homeostasis
constant relative proportions during growth in constant environments
isomorphy .work load allocation
thermal homeostasis
ectothermy  homeothermy  endothermy
acquisition homeostasis
supply  demand systems
development of sensors, behavioural adaptations
Allocation to soma
413 animal species at 2016/06/11
sR = actual max reprod rate
as fraction of that with optimized κ
Lika et al 2011 ,
Kooijman & Lika 2014
J. Sea Res, 22: 278-288, Biol Rev, 89: 849-859
Selection for reproduction
Red Jungle fowl
IR
RJ
IR
WL
Indian
River
broiler
WL
RJ
White Leghorn
Kooijman & Lika 2014
Biol Rev, 89: 849-859
Type R acceleration
Mueller et al 2012,
Comp. Physiol. Biochem. A,
163:103-110
Crinia georgiana
hatch
birth
metam
metam
birth
hatch
max dry weight 500 mg
12 °C
Pseudophryne bibronii
metam
metam
hatch
birth
max dry weight 200 mg
hatch
birth
age, d
Kooijman 2013
Oikos 122: 348-357
Waste to hurry
Exploiting blooming resources
requires blooming yourself
• high numerical response
• short life cycle
• small body size
• fast reproduction
• fast growth
• high feeding rate
• resting stages between blooms
-rule explains why
[pM] needs to be high
Ecosystem significance:
flux through basis food pyramid
Supply-demand spectrum
Lika et al 2014
J. Theor. Biol., 354:35-47
Supply-demand spectrum
identical points & plots
colour coding different
413 species 2016/06/11
DEB tele course 2017
http://www.bio.vu.nl/thb/deb/
Free of financial costs;
Some 108 or 216 h effort investment
Program for 2017:
Feb/Mar general theory (5w)
May symposium in Tromso (N) (8d +3 d)
Target audience: PhD students
We encourage participation in groups
who organize local meetings weekly
Cambridge Univ Press 2009
Software package DEBtool for Octave/ Matlab
freely downloadable
Slides of this presentation are downloadable from
http://www.bio.vu.nl/thb/users/bas/lectures/
Audience:
thank you for your attention