Transcript Domain Name System

Domain Name System
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DNS & IP Address Protocols within the Internet
Ecosystem. - Amanda Sparling, EMAC 6300
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The Domain Name System (DNS) enables
networks on the Internet to use globally unique
names. The DNS has been a major factor in the
success and growth of the Internet.
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The Domain Name System is an essential
component of the functionality of the Internet.
What is DNS?
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Every Internet-connected device, whether a
personal computer, smart phone, or gaming
console, looks up each name in the global DNS,
and uses the resulting Internet address to
connect to the web server, send the e-mail or
use the World Wide Web.
Why is DNS important?
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The Domain Name System (DNS) is a
hierarchical distributed naming system for
computers, services, or any resource connected
to the Internet or a private network. It
associates various information with domain
names assigned to each of the participating
entities.
How does it work?
Domain Name: Amandasparling.com
URL: http://www.amandasparling.com
IP: 50.62.248.1
An Internet address has 3
parts: Domain Name, URL
and IP Address.
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Computers and other
network devices on
the Internet use an IP
address to route your
request to the site
you're trying to reach.
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What is ICANN?
ICANN is responsible for
the coordination of the
global Internet's systems
of unique identifiers and,
in particular, ensuring its
stable and secure
operation.
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Before the establishment of ICANN,
the Government of the United States controlled
the domain name system of the Internet.
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The original mandate for the establishment of
ICANN came from the United States
Government.
History
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ICANN is a non-profit organization
ICANN has 3 unique arms:
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Generic Names Supporting Organizations
Country Code Names Supporting Organizations
The Address Supporting Organiations
Structure
Governmental Advisory
Committee
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On June 20, 2011 the ICANN board coted to
end restrictions on generic top-level domains.
.TOYS, .CHEAP, .NINJA, .SEX, .BARGAINS,
.DATING, .WORKS, .WATCH, .COOL, .TOOLS,
.CLUB, ETC…
Recent Events
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WHOIS is a query and response protocol that
is widely used for querying databases that
store the registered users or assignees of
an Internet resource, such as a domain name,
an IP addressblock, or an autonomous system,
but is also used for a wider range of other
information.
What is, WHOIS?
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WHOIS was originally implemented on
the Network Control Program (NCP) but found
its major use when the TCP/IP suite was
standardized across the ARPANET and later
the Internet.
History
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On December 1, 1999, management of the toplevel domains (TLDs) com, net, and org was
assigned to ICANN.
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WHOIS Serves as a protocol based query
system to determine Domain & Registrant Data
WHOIS & ICANN
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NSA Scandal revelations have weakened
ICANN’s perception globally
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One large criticism of WHOIS is the lack
of domain privacy.
Criticism: WHOIS & ICANN
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Abelsen, Ledeen, and Lewis, Blown to Bits:
“Instantaneous communication of massive amounts of
information has created the misimpression that there is
a place called ‘Cyberspace,’…”
Welcome to “Cyberspace”
Owned by us all
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The organizations and communities that help
the Internet work and evolve.
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Technologists, engineers, architects, creatives
Global and Local Organizations
Operators, engineers and vendors
Internet Users
Educators
Policy and Decision Makers
Internet Ecosystem
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The evolution of the Internet is happening now.
More than just its infrastructure, how we use it
and where we use it to connect are in a state of
continuous change technologically and
culturally.
Constant Evolution