Transcript chapter19sg
Chapter Nineteen The Body in Delivery Chapter Nineteen Table of Contents Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery Body Language Practicing the Delivery* The Body in Delivery Aural channel Vocalizations that form and accompany spoken words Visual channel The speaker’s visual actions and appearance, such as: Facial expressions Gestures and body movement Physical appearance and dress Objects held* Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery Researchers have identified several ways in which nonverbal communication works together with the verbal component of a speech.* Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery Clarifying Verbal Messages Facilitating Feedback Establishing Relationships Between Speaker and Audience Establishing Speaker Credibility* Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery: Clarifying Verbal Messages The same words spoken with different body movements or different vocal emphases convey different meanings.* Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery: Facilitating Feedback Being alert to the cues listeners use to communicate their pleasure or displeasure can mean the difference between an alienated audience and one that feels recognized and respected.* Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery: Establishing Relationships Between Speaker and Audience Nonverbal behavior (such as how you position yourself in relation to your audience) allows you to adjust your relationship with them, establishing a level of closeness and familiarity.* Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery: Establishing Speaker Credibility Audiences are more readily persuaded by speakers who emphasize vocal variety, eye contact, nodding, and standing with an open body position.* Body Language Audience members are quick to detect discrepancies between what you say and how you say it.* Body Language Facial Expressions Eye Contact Gestures General Body Movement Dress and Objects* Body Language: Facial Expressions By our facial expressions, an audience can gauge whether we are excited about or indifferent to our speech.* Body Language: Eye Contact Maintaining eye contact is mandatory in establishing a positive relationship with listeners, and is perhaps the most important physical action in speaking. Scanning Moving your gaze from one audience member to another while speaking* Body Language: Gestures Head, arm, hand, and leg gestures clarify the meanings we try to convey in words. They: Fill in gaps. Express size or shape. Express depth of emotion. Add emphasis.* Body Language: General Body Movement Audience members may tire of a talking head that remains in one place behind a podium. You should strive to stand erect, but not rigidly.* Body Language: Dress and Objects The first thing an audience tends to notice is your clothing. Avoid the distracting use of props like pens, glasses of water, or open briefcases.* Practicing the Delivery The more you practice, the greater your comfort level will be when you actually deliver a speech.* Practicing the Delivery Focus on the Message Stay Away from Mirrors Record the Speech Be Prepared to Revise Your Speaking Outline Practice Under Realistic Conditions Time Your Speech Plan Ahead and Practice Often* Practicing the Delivery: Focus on the Message Your goal should be to get your message across, not to display extraordinary delivery skills.* Practicing the Delivery: Stay Away from Mirrors Mirrors will shift your attention away from your message to worrying about how you look.* Practicing the Delivery: Record the Speech To accurately gauge how you sound and look, practice with audio- or videotaping.* Practicing the Delivery: Be Prepared to Revise Your Speaking Outline Be prepared to revise your speech if your introduction or conclusion isn’t as effective as you’d like it.* Practicing the Delivery: Practice Under Realistic Conditions Try to simulate the actual speech setting as you practice: Picture audience and seating arrangements. Use a makeshift podium. Begin practicing with speaking outline until you are confident. Practice in front of a live audience.* Practicing the Delivery: Time Your Speech Time your speech to ensure that you stay within the period allotted to you. If you are exceeding your time limit, adjust sections of the speech accordingly.* Practicing the Delivery: Plan Ahead and Practice Often Begin practicing your speech at least several days before you are to deliver it. Practice your speech about five times in its final form.*