Transcript harry winston

Chapter 37 Cold War
Harry S. Truman
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33rd President of the
United States.
“The buck stops here”
“If you can’t take the
heat get out of the
kitchen”
Iron Curtain
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Symbolic line that
divided democratic
Western Europe and
Communistic Eastern
Europe coined the
term by Winston
Churchill
United Nations
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Building a new
world; peace
keeping
organization.
Satellites Nations
Truman Doctrine-1948
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This document states that the United
States would come to the aid of any nation
that would fight communism.
 Informal
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declaration of war with Soviet Union
Containment-The US will not allow the
spread of communism but not interfere in
countries that are already communist.
The Marshall Plan 1948
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This plan was to
rebuilt (aid) Europe.
The United States
would give the money
in order to stop the
Communist takeover.
The US offered
money to the Soviets
$12-15 Billion
George Marshall

Marshall is the only
General to receive the
Nobel Prize for his
work on rebuilding
Europe.

Secretary of the State
Berlin Airlift
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A time when United States had to airlift
supplies into Berlin when Stalin closed the
only road out of Berlin.
Germany was divided into two parts:
German Federated Republic (West Germany)
German Democratic Republic (East Germany)
N.A.T.O
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North Atlantic Treaty
Organization
Founded by: Dean
Acheson
Mutual defense pact
of democratic nations.
Warsaw Pact
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Communist response
to NATO
Mutual pact defense
of Eastern
Communist nations.
Men who developed US policy
believed in the policy of
Containment
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Dean Acheson
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George Kennan
Containment:
and Turkey
st
1
used in Greece
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“In February 1947, the British government announced that it could
no longer afford to finance the Greek monarchical military regime in
its civil war against communist-led insurgents. The American
government's response to this announcement was the adoption of
"containment",[57] the goal of which was to stop the spread of
communism.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_war
Mao Zedong
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Led the Communist in
China.
Red Army of million
peasants.
United States refused
to recognized China
for 30 years
People’s Republic of
China
Korean War 1950-1953
North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950.
 Kim II Sung head of the Communist
government in North Korea.
 38 parallel line that separates North and
South Korea.
 Security Council of the UN voted a
resolution that condemned North Korea.
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Korea
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North KoreaKim II Sung
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South Korea
Syngman Rhee
leader of South Korea
Douglas Macarthur
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General Douglas
Macarthur was put in
charge of the Korean
War.
He led the United
Nations forces.
Fired by Truman
General Macarthur wanted to use
the atomic bomb on China
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“ will involve us in the wrong war, at the
wrong time, at the wrong place, and with
the wrong enemy” Omar Bradley
“I fired him because he wouldn’t respect
the authority of the President” Harry S.
Truman
 “Old soldiers never die, they just fade
away” Macarthur
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New Weapons
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Helicopters for
Medivac
M.A.S.H. Mobile Army
Surgical Hospitals
(M.A.S.H.)
Jets
Brainwashing
Napalm
Lessons of Korean War
United Nations worked. It stopped North
Korea.
 No nukes were used
 Stalemate
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Cold War Terms and Definitions:
United States:
Soviet Union:
Capitalism:
 Private ownership of
industry
 Freedom of competition
 Survival of the fittest
 Laissez-faire: government
keeps “hands off”
 Creates different
economic classes
Socialism:
 Government ownership of
industry
 Created as a reaction to
Capitalism
 Goal is to bring economic
equality to people
 Classless society
McCarthyism
A period of accusing others of being
communists.
 Red Scare
 House of Un-American Activities
Committee (HUAC)
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Spies among us
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Alger Hiss- Accused
of being a communist
Worked for the State
Dept.
Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
New Agencies in US
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CIA- spy organization; foreign intelligence
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National Security Council- advises the
President on issues of National security
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Sputnik
First man-made Satellite by the Soviets
 Launched
in 1957
 Orbited Earth every 98 minutes
 Size of a basketball
 U.S. reformed education and created NASA
Taft-Hartley Act 1947
This bill was passed because of strikes
 Limited labor unions
 This bill outlawed closed shops.
 60 days “cooling off period”
 President can issue an injunction ( court
order to get back to work)
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 Harry
S. Truman vetoed the bill: "conflict with
important principles of our democratic
society…"[
Election of 1948
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Harry S. Truman –Democrat
 Fair
Deal was Truman campaign promise
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Thomas Dewey –Republican
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Dixiecrats- southern states ( white males)
 Strom
Thurmond