Transcript Eating Responsibly - Freeport Area School District

Chapter 8
Nutrition and Your Health
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Nutrition
Study of how our bodies use the food we eat to maintain
our health
 Energy
 Good Food & Portion Sizes
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Overweight
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Excess Body Fat
Obesity
Weighing more than 20% above your recommended weight
range
 Increases risk of diseases and disorders
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Childhood Obesity Statistics
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In 2012, more than 1/3 of children & adolescents
were overweight or obese
70% of obese youth had at least 1 risk factor for
cardiovascular disease
Children & adolescents who are obese are at
greater risk for pre diabetes, bone, and joint
problems
Children & adolescents who are obese will more
likely be obese as adults
Nutrients & Food
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Nutrients
 Substances
in food that your body needs to function
properly
 Keep body healthy
 Energy
 Food you eat
Using Food for Energy
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Digestion
 Process
of breaking down food into a form your body
can use
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Journey of Food
 Mouth
( Chewing)
 Stomach ( Mixed with acids)
 Small Intestine ( broken into nutrients ; blood)
What is a Diet?
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Diet
 Pattern
of eating that includes what a person eats, how
much a person eats, and how often a person eats
 Describes how a person eats every day
Influences on Food Choices
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Personal Choice
Cost
Family Traditions
Common in the area
Convenience
Friends
Food & Feelings
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Eat when not hungry
Nervous ; Upset
Happy; Excited
Social Gatherings
How Your Body Uses Nutrients
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Foods
 More
than one nutrient
 Different foods contain the same nutrients
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Energy
 Comes
from nutrients
 Growth
 Maintenance
 Repair
Energy from Food
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Calories
 Amount
of energy your body gets from a food is
measured in units
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Metabolism
 Process
of converting the energy in food into energy
your body can use
6 Essential Nutrients
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1. Carbohydrates
2. Fats
3. Proteins
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
6. Water
Carbohydrates
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Main source of energy
Chemical composed of one or more simple sugars (
1 grams = 4 calories)
2 Basic Types :
 Simple
Carbohydrates
 Complex Carbohydrates
Simple Carbohydrates
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Sugars such as table sugar, honey, and sugar found
in fresh fruit
Easy for the body to digest
Gives body quick energy
Amount of Sugar in Your Drink Poster
Complex Carbohydrates
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Starches that are made of sugar molecules that are linked
together
Broken down
Feel full for a longer period of time
Examples:
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Pasta
Rice
Potatoes
Fiber ( healthy part of a balanced diet)
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Brown Rice
Oatmeal
Whole Wheat Bread
Fats
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Energy storage nutrients that help the body store
vitamins
Needed in small amounts
High amount of fats
 Weight
Gain
 Heart Disease
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Examples: Butter, Vegetable Oil, margarine
1 gram = 9 calories
Fast Food Crisco Activity
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How much fat do you think is in your fast food?
Proteins
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“ Building Blocks of the Body”
Nutrients that build and repair tissues & cells
One gram = 4 calories
Animal sources
 Meat,
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Poultry, Eggs, Milk, Cheese
Vegetable Sources
 Beans,
Nuts, Tofu
Vitamins
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Keep body healthy
Organic compounds that control several body
functions
Small amount
Vegetables, fruits, nuts, & dairy
Body will not function properly without these
 Scurvy
[ tooth loss] ( Vitamin C)
 Night Blindness ( Vitamin A)
Minerals
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Elements that are essential for good health
Examples:
 Calcium
/ Phosphorus
 Iron
 Sodium/
Potassium
 Zinc
 Iodine
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Small Amounts
Good Sources of Some Important
Vitamins & Minerals
Name
What It Does for your
Body
Where you can get it
Vitamin A
Healthy Hair/ Skin
Carrots, sweet potatoes,
squash
Vitamin C
Fight germs that cause
illness
Orange juice, broccoli,
papaya
Vitamin B – 12
Concentration, memory, and Fish, milk, eggs, meat,
balance
poultry
Calcium
Healthy, strong bones and
teeth
Milk, cheese, yogurt, and
sardines
Iron
Healthy blood; prevents
fatigue
Tofu, spinach, black-eyed
peas, red meat
Water
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Cannot survive a few days without it
70 % of Body
Carry nutrients and waste products throughout your
body
Regulate body temperature
Cells
Joints
Dehydration
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Your body will not function properly
Dry out
May lead to:
 Fainting
 Extreme
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8 – 10 glasses per day
 More
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cases – Death
if exercising/ playing sports
Foods are good sources of water
 Milk,
fruits, veggies, soups, stews, salads, juices
Dietary Guidelines
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Healthy/ unhealthy eating habits
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
 Set
of suggestions developed by nutrition scientists and
public health agencies
 Choose healthy nutritious foods
 Stay fit
 Limit substances that increase disease risk
My Plate
My Menu Project
Nutrition Label
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Label found on the outside packages of food and
states the number of servings, calories, and nutrients
Food Choices
Ingredients
Nutrition Label Group Review
On your half sheet of paper, your group will break
down your nutrition label. You need to write down the
important points of a label :
 Serving Size
 Calories
 Bad Nutrients
 Good Nutrients
What is a Serving Size?
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Standard amount of
food that allows
different foods to be
compared with one
another
Portions vs. Exercise with M & Ms
Mirror Mirror Off the Wall
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Draw a picture of yourself
Write 5 things that you like about your body
Write 1 thing that you do not like
Body Image
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How you feel about and see your body
Changes
Positive Attitude
Comparing Yourself
Body Image & Self Esteem
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Self Esteem
 How
much you value, respect, and feel confident about
your self
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Negative Body Image
Positive Body Image
Body Image vs. Self Esteem
Influences on Body Image
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Family & Friends
Teachers & Coaches
Media
 List
celebrities with the ideal body and why?
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L3D0jMIOK_c
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Positive / Negative Effects
Building a Healthy Body Image
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“I “ Statements
 Tells
people directly what bothers you about their
behavior
 I feel ….
 When you ….
 Because ….
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Positive Self Talk
A
way of encouraging yourself by saying positive
statements to yourself
“I” Statement Scenarios
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1. Your always late picking me up
2. You shouldn’t wear that outfit. I’ve told you
before its not very flattering.
3. Your never going to graduate if you keep failing
tests like that
4. How could you be so dumb to forget that we
were already busy that night
5. You should have known better than to do
something that stupid.
Music Lyrics & Body Image
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Analyze the song lyrics and answer how it relates to
body image. Give specific examples
Songs:
I
am – Hillary Duff
 Beautiful – Christina Aguilera
 Unpretty – TLC
 Born This Way – Lady Gaga
 Perfect – Pink
 32 Flavors – Ani Defranco
Eating Disorders
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Unhealthy eating behaviors
 Eating
certain foods
 Skipping meals
 Eating large amounts of food at one time
 Learning
 Growth
 Overall health
Why Teens Develop Unhealthy Eating Behaviors
• Low Self Esteem
• Fear of becoming overweight
• Poor skills with coping stress
• Unhealthy Body Image
• Pressure from friends or family to be thin
• Feelings of Helplessness
Over exercising
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Exercises more intensely and for a longer period of
time than is necessary for good health
Body Size & Weight
Unhealthy body image
Low Self Esteem
Ashamed
Injuries
Extreme tiredness, hopelessness, moody, & affects
relationships
What are Eating Disorders
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Disease that involves an unhealthy concern with
one’s body weight and shape
 Emotional
factors
 Depression, low self esteem, physical / sexual abuse
 Boys & girls
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Symptoms
 Talking
about weight, bodies, or food
 Lose a lot of weight in a short period of time
Anorexia Nervosa
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1 in 100 teen girls
Eating disorder that involves self – starvation,
unhealthy body image, & extreme weight loss
Fear of being fat & gaining weight
Feel fat/ overweight
Perfectionists
Anorexia Nervosa
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Foods low in calories & fat
Plays with food
Layers of clothing
Symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa
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Dry, dull hair and hair loss
Dry Skin
Brittle nails
Large weight loss over a short period of time
Abdominal pain
Growth of fine body hair
Cold
Faint; light headed
Anorexia Nervosa Celebrities
Anorexia Nervosa
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Medical help
Long term problems
 Stomach
 Kidneys
 Bowels
 Heart
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Death
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sz-nPMTXduo
Bulimia Nervosa
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Eat disorder in which a person eats a large amount
of food and then tries to remove the food from his
or her body
Binging
 Eat
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a large amount of food in a short period of time
Triggered by :
 Depression
 Anger
 Boredom
Feelings of Shame
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Purging
 Throwing
Up
 Laxatives
 Diurectics
( urinate)
 Overexercise
Cycle of Binging & Purging
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Hurts Body Functions
 Acid
 Teeth
 Gums
 Throat
 Cheeks
 Jaw
Warning Signs of Bulimia
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Spend a lot of time thinking about food
Steal food
Take trips to the bathroom immediately after eating
Make themselves throw up after eating
Hide food in strange places
Exercise Excessively
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*** May be treated by a doctor **
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Celebrities with Bulimia
Binge Eating Disorder
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Disease in which a person cannot control how much
he/ she eats
Emotional Problems
Do not try to purge
Eat large amounts of food very quickly
 Junk
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Food
Have problems controlling weight; Health Issues
 Obese
 Overweight
Giving Help for Eating Disorders
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Talk to friend
 Calm
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and caring way
Encourage your friend to get professional help
 Adult,
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Teacher, Counselor, School Nurse
May be upset
 May
be saving a life
Getting Help for Eating Disorders
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Not able to recover without professional help
1. Find an adult you trust
 Parent
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or another adult
2. Find a time
 Privately
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3. Sit down, and tell the person your concerns
I
need your help. I am afraid I have an eating disorder.
Once I start eating, I can’t stop. I’m not even hungry
when I eat.
Professional Help
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Without
 20%
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of people with eating disorders die
With
 60%
of people who have eating disorders recover
 20% of people who have eating disorders make
partial recoveries
 20% of people who have eating disorders do not
improve
Healthy Weight
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Healthy Weight Range
 Estimate
of how much you should weight depending on
your height and body frame
 Factors?
Body Mass Index (BMI)
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Mathematical formula that uses height and weight
to evaluate body composition
Calculating BMI
 BMI
= weight in pounds x 704.3 / height in inches
squared
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Is it Accurate?
 Does
not account for frame size
 Fit & athletic may be overweight
Keeping a Healthy Energy Balance
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Energy Balance
Eat more Food
Body uses for daily activities
 Gain weight
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Same amount of food
Physical activity
 Maintain weight
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Body needs more energy
Food
 Lose weight
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Fad Diets
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Diets that promise you quick weight loss with little effort
Special products
Pills
 Shakes
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Avoid certain foods
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Sugar
Weight gain / loss
Time
Harm health