Transcript Scientists and Theories

Warm-Up #13
10/19/11
1) What are two main differences between
animal and plant cells?
2) Who was the plant scientist in the cell
theory?
3) Who was the animal scientist?
* You have 10 minutes to get the warm-up done
and make sure the homework is done from
yesterday.
Scientists and
Theories
Essential Question
 What is the cause behind most
infectious diseases?
Robert Hooke
 1665
 Coined term cell by looking at cork (plant)
that resembled monastery’s tiny rooms.
 Saw cell walls
 Cell—the basic unit of life
 Used compound microscope
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
 1674
 First person to see living things!
Francesco Redi
 1668
 First controlled experiment!!
 Control was leaving one jar open—
the experiment in the absence of the
IV
 IV was the degree of coverage—
gauze or completely sealed off
 DV was the result—did maggots
appear?
Redi’s Experiment
What three men contributed
to the cell theory?
 Plant guy—Matthias Schleiden
 Animal guy—Theodor Schwann
 Cell guy—Rudolph Virchow
Robert Koch
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
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Developed a series of rules to identify
microorganisms that cause specific
diseases.
First to isolate tuberculosis, cholera,
and anthrax!
Won the Nobel Prize for TB.
Koch’s Postulates
1. Pathogen should be found in the
body of a sick organism and not
in a healthy one.
2. Pathogen must be isolated and
grown in a laboratory in pure
culture.
3. When cultured pathogens are
placed in a new host, the host
should get the same disease.
4. The pathogen should be isolated
from the second host. It must be
identical to the original.
Louis Pasteur
 Discovered fermentation of beer
and wine is caused by
microorganisms.
 Developed ‘Pasteurization’ for
beer, wine, and milk.
 Developed vaccines for anthrax
and rabies.
Louis Pasteur
 With the help of Robert Koch, Pasteur
came up with the….
Germ Theory of Disease
 Infectious diseases are caused by
microorganisms of different types,
commonly called germs.
Disease
 Disease – any change, other than injury,
that disrupts the normal function of the
body.
Lynn Margulis
 Proposed that eukaryotic cells arose from
living communities of prokaryotic cells.
 Called the endosymbiotic theory.
You must
have at
least 5
sentneces
done
before you
leave
today!