Transcript PPT 352 KB

Stakeholder (SH) Engagement
and Links to DecisionMaking: Adaptation to Climate
Change / Variability Impacting
on Dengue Fever in Caribbean
Countries
Sam Rawlins
Project SIS 06
• The University of the West Indies (UWI),
Climate Unit, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica.
• The Caribbean Epidemiology Centre
(CAREC), Port of Spain, Trinidad and
Tobago.
• UWI Dept of Pathology, Trinidad.
• 21 Caribbean Countries anti-DF programs.
Introduction
• Dengue Fever (DF) is endemic in virtually
all Caribbean Countries.
• There has been a significant increase of
prevalence and severity in the last two
decades.
• There has been greater occurrences in El
Nino and El Nino+1 years, suggesting a
Climate Change (CC) correlation.
Map of the Caribbean countries
Dengue in the Caribbean: In light of the temperature trend (previous
diagram), the increase in dengue since 1992 could be due to increasing
temperatures - See black circles
El Nino
El Nino + 1
Decisions which may be
influenced by this project
• Reduction of Dengue fever cases
(occurrence), related to CC/V
• Thro’ the reduction of mosquito vectors
(Aedes aegypti)
• Thro’ the reduction of potential habitats
increased thro’ appropriate climate
conditions
• Thro’ Environmental Sanitation (ES)
Decision-Makers Include:• Public Health authorities (Ministries of
Health) in our 21 Member countries
• Focal Points in public health – Vector
Control Staff, Epidemiologists, Educators
• Local Govt. staff who facilitate anti-DF
action
• Contd.
Decision-Makers contd.
• Communities who are at risk for DF and
who must implement anti-DF action
• Families who are at risk and must
participate in anti-vector action
• Individuals who are at risk and must be
part of the solution
• The scientific community who must be
sensitized for positive influence.
Research is Relevant as follows
• To confirm a link between CC/V and DF
vector production and DF Cases
• Predict which CC conditions are most
appropriate for DF transmission
• Inform what ES actions are necessary to
prevent increase in vectors and DF cases
• Provide results useful for public education
programs for mitigation and adaptation.
Stakeholders engaged in the
Project
• Ministries of Health: Participation in Epid.
and CC data collection
• Scientific community will evaluate the
evidence.
• Communities in the Caribbean are the atrisk group for the DF
• From these, information is required on:-
Stakeholders information on CC
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•
•
•
•
Understanding of the concept of CC
Perception of how CC affects us
Sources of info on CC
Self-reported action on DF prevention
Willingness to act further on DF prevention
if CC link could be demonstrated
• Actual proof of current action (inspection).
Reported Causes of CC in Trinidad
communities
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•
•
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Criteria
%
Greenhouse Gases
Holes in the Ozone Layer
Burning Vegetation
Automobile Exhaust Fumes
All of the Above
Don’t know
Comm. Sch
4.8
5.2
23.8
5.2
14.3
0
4.8
10.5
47.6
57.9
4.8
15.8
How Climate Change Affects Two
Trinidad Communities
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•
•
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Criteria
(%) Comm. Sch.,
Health
37.5 7.1
Water Resources
12.5 0
Agriculture
12.5 14.3
Biodiversity
4.2
7.1
Coastal degradation etc.
4.2
14.3
All Equally
29.2 50
Health Factors affected by CC/CV
in Trinidad Communities
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Criteria
Food-Borne Dis.
Water-Borne Dis.
Vector-Borne Dis.
Respiratory Dis.
Heat Stresses
All Equally
None
%Comm.
14.3
14.3
14.3
0
9.5
47.6
0
% Sch.
5.5
11.1
11.1
11.1
16.7
38.9
5.5
Benefits (B) and Costs (C) of
Researchers working with
Stakeholders
• Bringing a Global concept Local (B)
• Empowering the local scientific – climate
and epidemiologic – community (B)
• Brining a new practical tool to Public
Health (B)
• Spending time and other resources on the
project (C)
Benefits (B) and Costs (C) to the
Stakeholder
• Accessing modern technology tools for DF
prevention (B)
• Possibility of applying this tool to other
areas of health (B)
• Possible application of CC tools to other
areas e.g. Water res., Biodiversity, Agric.,
Coastal Degradation (B)
• Scarce resources now being utilized
without a clear assurance of outcome (C)
Appropriate Role of SHs in
assessing CC vulnerability
• Data collection for research (MoHs; Cl.Gp)
• Appropriate response to prediction info
e.g. ES improvement at risk times (MoHs
Comm.)
• Health education and promotion (MoH)
• Participation of Scientific Research Gp. on
interpretation of Disease & CC info.
Assessment Design and
Implementation for better service
• In a manner that is clear (to the layman) &
convincing of CC & vulnerability
• If Stakeholders can be comfortable
enough with the concepts to accept this
as their own project, if
• The benefits (adaptation) can be clearly
discernible and demonstrated.
Information Sources on CC in 2
Communities in Trinidad
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Sources
% Comm. % Stud
Peers
0
Family
5
News/Journals
30
Elec. Media
20
All Above
40
26.7
None
5
Personal Obs.
0
6.7
0
13.3
6.7
26.7
20
Attitudes and Practices of 2
populations on CC regarding DF
and its prevention
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•
•
•
•
•
Criteria
Do Nothing
Organize an E.S.
Campaign
Leave to PH
Don’t Know
% Comm. %Students
0
5.3
68.2
31.8
0
63.2
15.8
15.8
Willingness to Participate in Vector
Control Action re CC
• Criteria
• Yes
• No
% Comm. % Students
100
94.1
0
5.9
Current Personal Involvement in
VC activities, related to CC
• Criteria
% Comm. % Students
• Yes
• No
• Don’t Know
80
20
0
31.3
62.5
6.3
Conclusion
• There is a need for appropriate info to
show to our SHs, the link of VBDs & CC;
only 11 – 14% now are aware.
• Such health Promotion for the younger
sector is very important.
• Results of this study could stimulate all
SHs into action.