Transcript Unit 9 - GFF3 - Gerunds Infinitives Interactive

Gerunds & Infinitives
Unit 9 Grammar Forms & Functions 3
Gerunds as Subjects & Objects
Click on the correct sentence.
Incorrect. This is an
incomplete sentence.
Correct. “Painting” is the
subject (gerund – verb +
ing).
Correct. Single gerund
subjects take a singular
verb.
Incorrect. Single gerund
subjects take a singular
verb.
Correct . Gerunds are
singular, so don’t add “-s.”
Incorrect. Gerunds are
singular, so don’t add “-s.”
Click to go to
next slide.
Gerunds as Subjects & Objects
Click on the correct sentence.
Correct. Two or more
gerunds as subjects create
a plural subject and take a
plural verb.
Incorrect. Two or more
gerunds as subjects create
a plural subject and take a
plural verb.
Incorrect. “Are running” is
the present progressive
verb (not a gerund).
Correct. “Are running” is
the present progressive
verb (not a gerund).
Correct . Need a verb in
front of the gerund object.
Incorrect. Need a verb in
front of the gerund object.
Click to go to
next slide.
Gerunds as objects of prepositions
Click on the correct sentence.
Both are correct. You can
have a gerund as the
object of a preposition.
Both are correct. You can
have a gerund as the
object of a preposition.
Incorrect. You can use a
gerund in a prepositional
phrase, but not a verb
(learn).
Correct. You can use a
gerund in a prepositional
phrase, but not a verb
(learn).
Incorrect. Present
progessive verbs (are
looking) require a “be” verb
with it.
Correct. The verb is simple
present, which is fine, and
the gerund is in the
prepositional phrase.
Click to go to
next slide.
Gerunds after common expressions
Click on the correct sentence.
Incorrect. After “can’t
stand” I could have put the
infinitive “to wait,” but not
the verb “wait.”
Correct. Often use a gerund
after “can’t stand.”
Correct. Need a gerund
usually after the phrase “it’s
not worth.”
Incorrect. Need a gerund
usually after the phrase “it’s
not worth.”
Correct. Usually put a
gerund after the phrase
“have difficulty.”
Incorrect. Usually put a
gerund after the phrase
“have difficulty.”
Click to go to
next slide.
Verbs followed by infinitives
Click on the correct sentence.
Correct. Need an infinitive
(to look) after the verb, not
a verb (look).
Incorrect. Need an infinitive
(to look) after the verb, not
a verb (look).
Incorrect. Try
again.
Incorrect. “Everybody”
takes a singular verb. “To
succeed” is the infinitive
after the verb.
Correct. “Everybody” takes
a singular verb. “To
succeed” is the infinitive
after the verb.
Incorrect. Try
again.
Correct. Sometimes can
have an object after the
verb and before the
infinitive “to stay.”
Incorrect. Sometimes can
have an object after the
verb and before the
infinitive “to stay.”
Incorrect. Try
again.
Click to go to
next slide.
Verbs followed by gerunds or infinitives
Click on the correct sentence.
Both are correct. Can use a
gerund or infinitive after
some verbs.
Both are correct. Can use a
gerund or infinitive after
some verbs.
Correct. See
other answers.
Correct. Remember that an
infinitive is “to” + base
verb.
Incorrect. Remember that
an infinitive is “to” + base
verb.
Incorrect. Try
again.
Incorrect. Can use the
infinitive “to go” or the
gerund “going,” but not the
verb “go.”
Correct. Can use the
infinitive “to go” or the
gerund “going,” but not the
verb “go.”
Incorrect. Try
again.
Click to go to
next slide.
Infinitives after Certain Adjectives,
Nouns, & Indefinite Pronouns
Adjective
Infinitive
He was
pleased
to see
me.
We were
disappointed
to hear
the news.
**Infinitives can come after some adjectives. Usually the adjective
describes a feeling or attitude.
Noun/Indefinite
Pronoun
Infinitive
Do you have
anything
to read?
I have some
letters
to write.
**Infinitives can come after nouns or indefinite pronouns like
“everybody” or “anything.”
**Infinitives after a noun often mean an obligation or necessity.
**Use “for” + noun/indefinite pronoun to show who the infinitive
refers to.
Infinitives after Certain Adjectives,
Nouns, & Indefinite Pronouns
Click on the correct sentence.
Correct. Need “for” in front
of the noun “James.”
Incorrect. Need “for” in
front of the noun “James.”
Incorrect. Try
again.
Correct. “To visit” is an
infinitive and infinitives
often follow the word
“afraid.”
Incorrect. “Of visit” is not
an infinitive. Could have
“afraid of visiting” since
“visiting” is a gerund.
Incorrect. Try
again.
Incorrect. This sentence is
an incomplete sentence. It
doesn’t have any verb.
Correct. “Willing” is the
adjective after the “be”
verb and we often use
infinitives after “willing.”
Incorrect. Try
again.
Click to go to
next slide.
Infinitives after Certain Adjectives,
Nouns, & Indefinite Pronouns
Click on the correct sentence.
Incorrect. This sentence is
incomplete because it is
missing a verb.
Correct. The infinitive after the
noun means that it is
necessary for me to leave now
or that I should leave now.
Incorrect. Try
again.
Correct. We often use an
infinitive after
“determined.”
Incorrect. I can use the gerund
“studying,” but the sentence is
incomplete. “Studying harder”
would what?
Incorrect. Try
again.
Correct. “To go” is the
infinitive after the indefinite
pronoun “everyone.”
Incorrect. Need an infinitive
after “everyone.”
Incorrect. Try
again.
Click to go to
next slide.
“Too” and “Enough” Followed by
Infinitives
Subject
Verb
Too + Adjective/
Adverb
For +
Object
Infinitive
It
is
too cold
for the boys
to go to the beach.
He
spoke
too quickly
for me
to understand.
**Use “too” for a negative meaning.
**”Very” means to a great degree.
“Too” and “Enough” Followed by
Infinitives
Click on the correct sentence.
Incorrect. This sentence is
mostly positive.
Correct. “Too” means that I
can’t help you.
Incorrect. Try
again.
Correct. We often use an
infinitive after
“determined.”
Incorrect. This sentence is
missing “to” in front of “get” so it
doesn’t have an infinitive. ALSO,
“too” should be in front of the
adverb “much.”
Incorrect. Try
again.
Correct. “Very much”
explains her strong desire
to play.
Incorrect. “Too” should be
“very” in this sentence.
Correct. See
other answers.
Click to go to
next slide.
“Too” and “Enough” Followed by
Infinitives
Subject
Verb
Adjective/ Adverb For +
+ Enough
Object
Infinitive
She
is
old enough
to go.
He
spoke
loudly enough
for us
to understand.
**”Enough” in a positive sentence has a positive meaning – implies there is as
much of something as needed.
**”Enough” in a negative sentence has a negative meaning – means there is less
than necessary or less than wanted.
Subject
Verb
Enough + Noun
For +
Object
Infinitive
There
isn‘t
enough time
for them
to finish.
We
have
enough money
to buy the CDs.
**”Enough” usually comes before the noun. However, sometimes in formal English,
enough comes after the noun. For example:
**There is time enough. (formal)
**There is enough time. (informal)
“Too” and “Enough” Followed by
Infinitives
Click on the correct sentence.
Incorrect. The infinitive
comes after “enough”
which comes after the
adjective “old.”
Incorrect. “Enough” should be
after the adjective “old.”
Incorrect. Try
again.
Incorrect. This sentence is
missing the “to” in front of
“play.”
Correct. “Enough” comes in
front of the noun “time” and is
followed by the infinitive “to
play.”
Incorrect. Try
again.
Correct. “Enough” is after
the adjective “warm” and is
followed by the infinitive
“to drink.”
Incorrect. “Enough” should
be after the adjective
“warm.”
Incorrect. Try
again.
Click to go to
next slide.
Showing Purpose
Infinitives to Show Purpose
“in order to” + base verb
I am saving to buy a new car.
I am saving in order to buy a new car.
You should leave your office early to
not be late to the meeting.
You should leave your office early in
order not to be late to the meeting.
(formal)
You should leave early so you won’t be
late. (informal)
Infinitives to Show Purpose
“for” + object
I am saving to buy a new car.
I am saving for a new car.
Sarah went to the pharmacy to buy
some medicine.
Sarah went to the pharmacy for some
medicine.
Showing Purpose
Click on the correct sentence.
Both are correct. Infinitives
can show purpose and “in
order to” + base verb can
show purpose.
Both are correct. Infinitives
can show purpose and “in
order to” + base verb can
show purpose.
Correct. See
other answers.
Correct. The base verb
“get” comes after “in order
not to.”
Incorrect. This sentence is
missing “to” in front of
“get.”
Incorrect. Try
again.
Both are correct. “For”
shows the purpose of his
trip to Los Angeles.
Both are correct. “To buy”
shows the purpose of his
trip to Los Angeles.
Correct. See
other answers.
Click to end
show.