Transcript Volcano - cloudfront.net

Do Now
1. Take out your Volcanoes homework
reading and keep it on your desk.
2. On your homework or on a piece of paper,
write:
1. 3 things you know about volcanoes
2. 2 things you want to know
3. 1 thing you have heard about volcanoes,
but you don’t know if it is really true
PARTS OF VOLCANOES
April 5, 2016
Parts of Volcanoes- Goal
• Our goal is to learn the
main parts of a volcano
and to be able to label
them on a picture
• In a few days, we will
draw our own volcanoes
and be able to label all of
the parts!
Quick Definitions
Volcano: a mountain that forms in Earth’s crust when
magma reaches the surface
Magma: molten material that is in the mantle
Lava: magma that reaches the earth’s crust
Clarification: What we see exploding from a volcano is
lava. Magma is in the mantle, so we cannot actually see it.
Vocabulary
• Volcanism: movement of magma inside the earth
• There are 3 main landforms that form from volcanism:
1. Sill- when magma flows between rock layers of the
crust and hardens
2. Dike- when magma that cuts across rock layers and
hardens
3. Lava- when magma breaks through the crust and flows
onto Earth’s surface
Sills and Dikes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6loGYTCBVqo
Parts of a Volcano
• Magma Chamber- the place beneath a volcano where
magma collects
• Pipe- a long tube that extends from the earth’s crust to the
magma chamber to the top of the volcano
• Vent- where magma leaves the volcano
• Lava Flow- spread of lava from a vent
• Caldera- a bowl-shaped area
that may form at the top of a
volcano around the main vent
• Ash Cloud- pulverized rock,
minerals, and volcanic glass
that forms from an eruption
Classwork
• Read 5-5 What are Volcanoes?
1. Answer the triangle questions in the article
2. Answer the Checking Concepts questions 1-4
3. Read “Science and Technology: Predicting Volcanic
Eruptions” at the bottom of the page and answer the
question
• Complete the attached worksheet. Use your notes and
reading to help you!
• Homework: Page 138-139 in your purple workbook.
Complete Figure 1 and the Vocabulary question on
the side.
Science Do Now
• Open your workbook to page 138-139 so I can check your
homework
• Answer the following questions on a piece of
paper
1. What is the difference between magma and
lava?
2. Where does lava come out of the volcano?
3. What is the tube called that extends from the
magma chamber to the top of the volcano?
4. Write 1 question you still have about volcanoes.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES
April 6, 2016
Goals
• Our goal is to learn the 3 types of volcanoes and the
difference between quiet and explosive volcanoes.
• This will help us when we draw and label our own volcano
pictures!
Quiet vs. Explosive Eruptions
A volcanic eruption is quiet when the
lava flows freely through a vent or
fissure.
A volcanic eruption is explosive when
rocks, lava, gases, ash, and dust are
exploded into the air.
The type of eruption is dependent on
the type of volcanic cone.
What Happens When Lava Hardens?
• When lava hardens, it can make different
landforms around the volcano
• The hardening lava is what makes volcanoes
shaped the way they are!
• There are three types of volcano cone
landforms:
1. Shield Cone
2. Cinder Cone
3. Composite Cone
*Note: cone is another word for volcano since a
volcano is in the shape of a cone*
1. Shield Cone
• Made up of layers of hardened lava
• Lava builds up to form the cone with a wide base
• Sides of the cone have gentle slopes
• Are often found in the ocean floor
• Forms from quiet eruptions
• Example: Mauna Loa in Hawaii
1. Shield Cone
2. Cinder Cone
• Formed from explosive eruptions
• Dust, ash, and rock particles explode and settle on the
volcano cone
• Have steep sides and narrow bases
• Magma is thick and sticky
• Example: Paricutin in Mexico
2. Cinder Cone
3. Composite Cone
• Made up of layers of lava and rock particles
• Formed from quiet and explosive eruptions
• The quiet eruptions form the wide base
• The explosive eruptions add layers of dust, ash, and rock
particles to the cone
• Is a tall, wide cone with steep sides
• Example: Mt. St. Helens in Washington
3. Composite Cone
Volcano Videos
Types of volcanoes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DnBggrCdkN0
How volcanoes form
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be7o6BYVOzA
Classwork
• Read “5-6 How are Volcanoes Classified?”
1. Answer the triangle questions
2. Answer Checking Concepts 1-4
3. Answer Thinking Critically 5 & 6
• Complete the attached worksheet
• When done, you may do your homework pages
148-149 in your workbook. Complete all fill-ins
Science Do Now
• Take out 5-6 How are Volcanoes Classified packet from
yesterday and leave it on your desk
• Answer the questions on the back of your packet:
1. What are the 3 types of volcanoes?
2. What is the difference between an explosive and a quiet
eruption?
3. Where is magma stored in a volcano in the mantle?
4. What is the difference between magma and lava?
STAGES OF VOLCANIC
ACTIVITY
April 7, 2016
Stages of Volcanic Activity
• Not all volcanoes explode often!
• There are 3 stages of volcanic activity:
1. Active/Alive
2. Dormant
3. Extinct
1. Active/Alive
• A volcano that is erupting or shows signs that it
will erupt in the near future
• A volcano is active if it has erupted in the last
10,000 years
2. Dormant
• A volcano that is not currently active, but is
predicted to be active in the near future
• Scientists describe it as “sleeping” and it will soon
“awake”
3. Extinct
• A volcano that is unlikely to ever erupt again
• Scientists call these “dead” volcanoes
• A volcano is extinct if it hasn’t erupted in 10,000
years
Recently Active Volcanoes
Recently active volcanoes slide show from CNN
http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/20/world/gallery/recentlyactive-volcanos/
Ring of Fire
• An area in the pacific ocean where a large number of
volcanic eruptions and earthquakes are
• 90% of earthquakes occur here
• 75% of the earth’s active volcanoes are here
• It looks more like a horseshoe than a ring
Ring of Fire & Volcanoes
Volcano Pictures
• You are going to draw a volcano from the inside view
• Identify if your volcano is shield, cinder, and composite
cone (it should be shaped accordingly)
• You must include the following parts in your picture
1. Magma Chamber
2. Pipe
3. Vent (side and central)
4. Lava (explosive or quiet)
5. Ash cloud (if applicable)
• Draw a creative surrounding as to where your volcano is
• On the back, write a description of your volcano,
including the type of cone, whether it is explosive or
quiet,