Transcript Chapter 21 Alcohol PowerPoint

The Health Risks of
Alcohol
Alcohol Use and the harmful effects
The Addictive Side of Alcohol
 The addictive type of alcohol found in
alcoholic beverages is called ethanol.
 Ethanol can be produced synthetically or
naturally through fermentation (grains, fruits,
vegetables); fermentation is the chemical
action of yeast on sugars.
 Alcohol is classified as a depressant, which
will slow down the process of the CNS.
Factors that influence alcohol’s effects
 Intoxication- the state in which the body is
poisoned by alcohol or another substance
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Body size
Gender
Food
Rate of intake
Amount
Medicine
Short Term Effects
 Effects on the brain:
 Development
 Memory
 Judgment and control
 Risk of stroke
 Effects on the heart:
 Increase heart rate
and blood pressure
 Heart rhythm becomes
irregular
 Decreased body
temperature
Short Term Effects
 Effects on Liver and
Kidney:
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Chemicals that are
metabolized can cause
inflammation and
scarring of the liver.
Increase urine output
and increase the
chance of dehydration.
 Effects on Stomach:
 Nausea and vomiting
 Disrupt the absorption
of nutrients (pancreas)
Long Term Effects
 Damage to brain cells
 Increase in blood pressure (heart attack,
stroke)
 Buildup of fat cells in the liver
 Damage to digestive lining of the stomach
(ulcers and cancer)
 Destruction of the pancreas
 Cirrhosis of the liver
Binge Drinking and Alcohol Poisoning
 Binge drinking is defined as having 5 or more
alcoholic drinks at one sitting.
 Binge drinking can lead to alcohol poisoning;
which is defined as a severe and potentially
fatal physical reaction to an alcohol overdose.
 What are some effects of alcohol poisoning?
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List examples
Dependence on alcohol
 Psychological dependence is when a person
believes that a drug is needed in order to feel
good or to function normally.
 Physiological dependence is a condition in
which the user has a chemical need for the
drug.
Alcohol and the Family
 Alcoholism is a disease in which a person
and a physical or physiological dependence
on alcohol.
 Alcoholism can lead to alcohol abuse which is
an excessive use of alcohol. It is estimated
that 25% of youth are exposed to alcohol
abuse in their household.
 A person who begins drinking alcohol as a
teen is 4x’s more likely to develop
dependence then someone that waits until
adulthood.
Benefits of living Alcohol-free
 Maintaining a healthy body
 Establishing healthy relationships
 Making healthy decisions
 Avoiding risky behavior
 Avoiding illegal activities
 Avoiding violence
 Achieving your goals
The Impact of Alcohol Abuse
 1/5 of all teen drivers involved in fatal car
accidents have a BAC of 0.01%.
 Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)- is the
amount of alcohol in the blood; expressed as
a percent.
Drinking and Driving
 Driving while intoxicated (DWI) and Driving
under the influence (DUI) are illegal. Adult
drivers 21 and over with a BAC of 0.08 are
considered to be drunk driving.
 Consequences can include: injuries or death,
arrest, jail time, police record, restricted
driving privileges, loss of license, and higher
insurance rates.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
 Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a group of alcohol-related
birth defects that include physical and mental
problems.
 Problems can include:
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Small head, deformities to face, hands, and feet.
Heart, liver, and kidney defects
Vision and hearing problems
CNS problems and developmental delays
Short attention span
Hyperactivity, anxiety, and social withdrawal
Alcoholism
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Stages of Addiction
1. Abuse
2. Dependence
3. Addiction
Steps to Recovery
1. Admission
2. Detoxification
3. Counseling
4. Recovery