Transcript DRUGS 2016x

Have you heard of rohypnol?
Look it up in the book and
summarize in your own
words. What are ways to
protect yourself from this
drug?
Pg. 604
Experimenting even once with a
drug can quickly lead to a
harmful and damaging
addiction. What effects of drug
use can effect friends and
family? How can consequences
interfere with a teen’s goals?
On Pg. 542, there is a picture
of a healthy lung and a
diseased lung. How does this
happen? Do the photos
surprise you? Write about
your reaction.
Psychoactive Drugs
Chapter 23 Pg. 603
Four (4) main groups of
psychoactive drugs:
(1) Stimulantsdrugs that speed up the central nervous system.
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Often called “uppers”
Taken to relieve fatigue, increase alertness, depress appetite
Examples:
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Cocaine
Crack
Amphetamines
Methamphetamines (meth)
Nicotine
Caffeine
(2) Depressantsdrugs that tend to slow down the central nervous system.
• Slow down nervous system
• Calm nerves, relieve anxiety, combat insomnia
• Examples:
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Barbituates, tranquilizers, rohypnol, GHB
Alcohol
What is GHB?
• Slang terms: Liquid X, Liquid ecstasy, Georgia home boy
• Gamma Hydroxybutyrate
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5tYTfZFNKGA
• Commonly referred to as a “club drug” or the “date rape
drug”
• “forget me pill”
(3) Narcoticsspecific drugs that are obtainable only by
prescription and are used to relieve pain.
• Produce a state of euphoria
• Extremely addictive
• Examples:
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Opium, morphine, heroin (derived from morphine), codeine,
OxyContin
• Pharmacists are required to keep records of all sales of
these drugs.
(4) Hallucinogensdrugs that alter mood, thoughts and sense perceptions
including vision, hearing, smell and touch.
• Natural and synthetic substances that distort
perception
• PCP, LSD, Ecstasy (MDMA), ketamine
Controlled Substances Actclassifies medicines for use in the United States into 5
categories, according to their use and potential for abuse.
• I- illegal and not able to be prescribed
• II- Written prescription required
• III- written or oral prescription required (may lead to
moderate/low physiological and high psychological
dependence)
• IV- written or oral prescription required (may lead to limited
physiological or psychological dependence)
• V- OTC (over the counter) or by prescription depending on
state law. Has accepted medical uses.
Drug Terms:
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Use-
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proper amount and intended medical purpose
Misuse-
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improper amounts (pg. 591)
Abuse-
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used for other, non-medical purposes and improper amount
Illicit drug use-
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illegal use or sale
Habituation-
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Mental desire for drug, but no withdrawal
Addiction-
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physical need; painful withdrawal symptoms
Drug Terms Continued:
• Withdrawal•
cellular physical need; may cause unconsciousness, anxiety,
insomnia, convulsions and death.
• Tolerance•
increasing dosage needed daily for desired effect “hooked.”
• Additive interaction•
medicines work together in a positive way (pg. 589)
• Antagonistic effect•
the effect of one medicine is canceled or reduced when taken
with another medicine.
Drug Terms Continued:
• Synergistic Effect (or multiplier)•
combination of two or more medicines or drugs (alcohol &
downers)=a multiple result…mini-explosion.
• Psychological dependence•
person believes that a drug is needed in order to function.
• Physiological dependence•
condition which the user has a chemical need for the drug.
Alcohol
Chapter 22 Pg. 561
Did You Know?
• By the time teens reach 9th grade, most will have
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seen more ads for beer or wine than for any other
product.
Alcohol is a key factor in:
• 33% of suicides
• 50% of homicides
• 62% of assaults
• 68% of manslaughter cases
• 41% of traffic fatalities
• More than half of all drowning incidents
Alcohol and Sexual Activity
• More likely to be victims or perpetrators of violent
crimes such as rape, aggravated assault and robbery.
• Alcohol impairs judgment, lower inhibitions and
compromises moral standards.
• More likely to become sexually active at an earlier
age and engage in unprotected sex.
The amount of alcohol in a persons
blood depends on:
• How much alcohol is consumed
• Weight
• Emotional state
• Food (food slows down passage into blood)
• Other drugs in the bloodstream
Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)
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0.02-Feels loose and relaxed; false sense of being comfortable in
social situations
0.06-reaction time is slowed, speech is slurred, reasoning, judgment
and self-control are affected
0.08-legal driving limit for adults
0.10-ability to make responsible decisions is absent
0.15-behavior is seriously impaired, staying awake is difficult,
appearance of “sloppy drunk”
0.25- mental & physical sensory function are severely impaired, risk
of choking on vomit
0.30-person is in semi-stupor or deep sleep. Most people can’t stay
awake to reach this BAC. Slams, chugs, etc. can reach this level
0.40-deep coma or death
% of alcohol in different beverages
• 12 oz. can of beer
• 4% alcohol
Equals • 5 oz. of wine
• 10% alcohol
Equals • Hard liquor
• 1.25 oz
• 40% alcohol
• Some hard liquors have higher
concentration
Do you think people who drink and
drive have chosen to drive
irresponsibly?
What are ways you can avoid
drinking and driving and/or ways of
not getting in a car with someone
who has been drinking?
DUI
(Driving Under the Influence)
• 1st offense•
lose license min. one year
• 2nd•
lose license 5 years
• 3rd•
lose license 10 years
• Under 21; 1st offense;
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2 year loss of driving privileges
Alcohol poisoningsevere and potentially fatal physical reaction to an
alcohol overdose.
Signs of Alcohol Poisoning:
• Mental confusion, stupor, coma, inability to be roused,
vomiting, seizures.
• Slow breathing (10 seconds between breaths or fewer
than 8 breaths per minute)
• Irregular heartbeat
• Hypothermia or low body temperature (pale or bluish
skin)
• Severe dehydration from vomiting
What should I do?
• Know danger signs
• Do not wait for all signs to be present
• Do not try to make them vomit (they could choke)
• Do not leave them alone (BAC could still rise)
• Need medical help!
Alcohol is #1 date rape
drug.
Alcohol is #1 misused
LEGAL drug in the U.S.
When someone is intoxicated:
• Do not give the person food or medicine to sober them
up.
• Only thing that can sober a drunk person is time.
• Do not let person drive or ride bicycle.
- What responsibilities does a
pregnant female have toward her
baby?
- How would you respond if a woman
you knew drank alcohol during
pregnancy? Why?
- Would your reaction be different if
she was your wife/partner? Sister?
Your best friend?
FAS (Fetal Alcohol Syndrome)
• Pregnant women who drink (no known amount can be
determined)
• FAS is leading known cause of mental retardation in the
US.
• Baby born with small head and deformities
• Vision and hearing problems
• Slow growth and coordination
• Difficulties with learning, attention, memory, and
problem solving.
Alcoholismdisease in which a person has a physical or
psychological dependence on alcohol.
• Research finding a genetic link.
• Children of alcoholics are FOUR times more likely to
become an alcoholic
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Alcoholics Anonymous –is an international fellowship of men and
women who have had a drinking problem. It is self supported.
Al Anon- for families, relatives, & friends whose lives have been
affected by someone else’s drinking.
Alateen- for young people whose lives have been affected by
someone else’s drinking.
Alcoholism – 3 stages
John Daley - golfer
http://www.espn.com/30for30/film?page=hitithard
Stage 1 - begins as social drinking-Abuse
• 1-10 years
• Breaks promises to quit drinking
• Personality changes
• Tolerance goes up
Stage 2 – Dependence
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Denial-hides drinking
Drinks alone or in the morning
Affects work
Harder to feel good; regardless of the amount
Drinking becomes daily necessity
Makes excuses; blames others
Stage 3 – Addiction
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Loneliness
Lives to drink
Mood behavior problems
Tremors, hallucinations, malnutrition
Life is out of control, but does not acknowledge this or
recognize it
If stopped drinking, user would have severe withdrawal
symptoms
2/3 of victims who encounter domestic violence report that
alcohol was a factor in the crime
Cirrhosis
• Destruction of liver tissue, usually caused by prolonged
and heavy alcohol use.
• Alcohol interferes with the liver’s ability to break down
fats. Excess fat in the liver blocks the flow of blood in the
liver cells. Liver tissue is destroyed and replaced with
useless scar tissue, preventing normal liver function.
• Cirrhosis can lead to liver failure and may cause death
unless a liver transplant is performed.
Marijuana
Your Brain on Marijuana
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oeF6rFN9org
The Pot Vote
• http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/the-pot-vote/
Your Lungs and Smoking
• Smoke is harmful to lung health.
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Whether from burning wood, tobacco or marijuana, toxins and
carcinogens are released from the combustion of materials.
Smoke from marijuana combustion has been shown to contain
many of the same toxins, irritants and carcinogens as tobacco
smoke.
American Lung Association
What are cannabinoids?
• Cannabinoids are chemicals related to delta-9tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), marijuana’s main
mind-altering ingredient.
How might cannabinoids be useful
as medicine?
• They treat nausea caused by chemotherapy and increase
appetite in patients with extreme weight loss caused by
AIDS.
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Two FDA-approved drugs, dronabinol and nabilone, contain
THC.
Tobacco
• Cigarettes
• Chew
• Cigars
• Vape
Methamphetamine
Page 606
Meth - second most abused
illegal drug.
• Other names: chalk, crank, croak, crypto,
crystal, fire, glass
• Stimulant
• Oral, injected, snorted or smoked
EFFECTS
Short-term
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Intense sensation that can only last a few
minutes; called rush.
After initial rush-state of high agitation
and can lead to violent behavior
Increased insomnia
Decreased appetite
Aggression
Anxiety
Nervousness
Heart attack
convulsions
Long-term
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HIGHLY ADDICTIVE
Quick tolerance (need larger amounts
fast)
Users choose meth over food and sleep
Paranoia
Hallucinations
Repetitive behavior (compulsively
disassembling/assembling objects)
Delusions of parasites or insects crawling
under the skin
Users obsessively scratch their skin to get
rid of these imagined insects
Stroke/death
Some chemicals in
Methamphetamine
• Ammonia
• Drano
• Brake fluid
• Lighter fluid
• Battery acid
• Ephedrine (in medicines like Sudafed)
3 months later
www.drugfree.org