Transcript File
What to do… 1. Turn in your snapchat project 2. Open your manuals to page 109 3. Be in your seat and prepared BEFORE the bell rings Objectives: SPI 5.3-Analyze data on levels of variation within a population to make predictions about survival under particular environmental conditions. Adaptations and Survival Chapter 3, Section 4 Adaptations ∗ An adaptation is a characteristic that improves an individual's ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment. Adaptations for Obtaining Food The chameleon catches an insect with its long tongue. The woodpecker uses its strong beak to drill holes into trees to find insects. Predator/Prey Predation ∗Animals that eat other animals are known as predators. The animal being eaten is the prey. ∗E.X. One organism eats another. Adaptations to Interactions Symbiotic relationships - Symbiosis Interactions in which 2 or more species live together in a close long term relationship. Mutualism * Both organisms benefit from the relationship. Symbiosis Commensalism * One benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped. Parasitism * One benefits and the other is harmed or killed. Type of Species relationship harmed Commensalism Parasitism Mutualism = 1 species Species benefits Species neutral Feeding Relationships Producers * Organisms that make their own food (Autotrophs) * Energy pathway in every ecosystem begins with producers. * All green plants are producers Plants need to survive too . . . Consumers ∗ Organisms that can’t make there own food and get their energy by eating other organisms. (Heterotrophs) 1st Level Consumer – Herbivores * Eat only producers * EX: Deer, Mice, Buffalo 2nd Level Consumer – Carnivores * Organisms that eat the Herbivores * EX: Wolf, Lion, Fox High Level Consumer – Omnivores * Organisms that eat both producers and consumers. * EX: Bear, Raccoon Decomposers * Last major feeding group. They feed on the dead organisms. * Break down dead organisms and return the nutrients to the soil. * EX: Bacteria, Fungi Natural Selection ∗ Natural selection is the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do. Meaning IF AND AND - THEN - adaptations help organisms survive. Organisms inherit adaptations Inherited characteristics in populations can change over time. The change in the inherited characteristics of a population over time = natural selection. 4 steps of Natural Selection Changes in Genetic Variation ∗ Populations are made up of individuals with characteristics that help survival ∗ For natural selection to work, individuals must be genetically different. ∗ However, if a population decreases rapidly, characteristics may be entirely lost from a population. ∗ This reduced number of characteristics within a population is called a genetic bottleneck. If the population is able to increase again, inbreeding will cause the individuals to be genetically similar. ∗ These genetic similarities may make a population more susceptible to birth defects and genetic diseases. And many individuals would likely be affected by the same disease Put it together. . . • Work on the “Natural Selection Analysis” Skill Sheet • It is due TOMORROW if you do not finish in class today