Transcript Wildlife Management Practices

WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
CONSERVATION EASEMENT
Description: Legal agreement that places
restrictions on land; primarily to prevent
development and to protect rare vegetation
types or species in decline
 Species to Consider: northern bobwhite
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CONTROL NONNATIVE INVASIVE VEGETATION
Description: nonnative, invasive species do not
provide suitable cover, structure, or food and
reduce carrying capacity of an area. Species
list found in manual
 Species to Consider: barred owl, mourning
dove, northern bobwhite, eastern cottontail,
eastern fox squirrel, white-tailed deer,
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CREATE SNAGS
Description: Snag=standing dead tree; provide
roosting & perching sites, insects for food
 Species to Consider: barred owl,
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DELAY CROP HARVEST
Description: avoid harvesting crops during
nesting and fawning seasons. Crop yield and
quality are dramatically decreased. Should
only be recommended when a crop is planted
or planned
 Species to Consider:
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EDGE FEATHERING
Description: Reducing tree density in woods
adjacent to fields. Allows more sunlight to enter
and stimulates understory, providing nesting
and escape cover as well as foods.
 Species to Consider: northern bobwhite,
eastern cottontail, eastern fox squirrel, whitetailed deer
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FIELD BORDERS
Description: areas around crop fields designed
to provide nesting, brooding, and escape cover
for wildlife species, also increase forage/seed
availability. Only recommend if there are fields
without any or sufficient borders
 Species to Consider: northern bobwhite,
eastern cottontail, white-tailed deer
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FOREST MANAGEMENT
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Description:
Forest Regeneration: Removing some or all of trees in a
stand to renew and maintain that stand. Do not create
forest openings, use to generate young forest
Timber Stand Improvement: Improves quality and
composition of forest through thinning or removal of
undesirable species
Forest Road Maintenance: can be vegetated to benefit
wildlife
Species to Consider: barred owl, northern bobwhite,
eastern cottontail, eastern fox squirrel, white-tailed deer
LEAVE CROP UNHARVESTED
Description: provide food for species by leaving
strips or blocks of grain or other crops. Should
only be recommended if there is an
unharvested crop present.
 Species to Consider: mourning dove, northern
bobwhite, eastern cottontail, eastern fox
squirrel, white-tailed deer
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LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT
Description: managing number of individuals in
an area or excluding. Grazing impacts
structure and composition of vegetation
community
 Species to Consider: barred owl, mourning
dove, northern bobwhite, eastern cottontail,
eastern fox squirrel, white-tailed deer, bluegill,
largemouth bass
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NESTING STRUCTURES
Description: boxes or other structures to
provide artificial cavities for nesting
 Species to Consider: barred owl
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PLANT FOOD PLOTS
Description: provide a supplemental food
source for many wildlife species; commonly
planted for game species to facilitate hunting
 Species to Consider: mourning dove, northern
bobwhite, eastern cottontail, eastern fox
squirrel, white-tailed deer
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PLANT NATIVE GRASSES & FORBS
Description: Represent early successional
stage; provide cover and food for many wildlife
species.
 Species to Consider: mourning dove, northern
bobwhite, eastern cottontail, white-tailed deer
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PLANT SHRUBS
Description: provide cover and soft mast; can
be planted in hedgerows to create corridors for
cover
 Species to Consider: mourning dove, northern
bobwhite, eastern cottontail, white-tailed deer
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PLANT TREES
Description: planted to provide food (hard &
soft mast) and cover for wildlife species
 Species to Consider: barred owl, mourning
dove, eastern fox squirrel, white-tailed deer
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REPAIR SPILLWAY/LEVEE
Description: Spillway= passage for excess water
from a dam. Levee= embankment built to
prevent the overflow of a river. Spillway should
be repaired if eroded and keeping pond level
too low; trees should not be growing on dam or
levee
 Species to Consider: mourning dove,
bluegill/largemouth bass
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SET-BACK SUCCESSION
Description: done by fire, mechanical
applications, and herbicide applications.
Different applications give different results.
Used to retain the successional stage
beneficial for focal wildlife species
 Species to Consider: barred owl, mourning
dove, northern bobwhite, eastern cottontail,
eastern fox squirrel, white-tailed deer
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TILLAGE MANAGEMENT
Description: Delay tilling (preparing soil by
turning over) from fall until early summer.
Allows wildlife access to waste grain and cover
 Species to Consider: mourning dove, northern
bobwhite, eastern cottontail, eastern fox
squirrel, white-tailed deer
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WATER CONTROL STRUCTURES
Description: Used to manipulate water level in
ponds and impounded wetlands
 Species to Consider: mourning dove,
bass/bluegill
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WATER DEVELOPMENTS FOR WILDLIFE
Description: developing a source of water
(small pond, shallow impoundment, water
collection, backyard pond
 Species to Consider: mourning dove, eastern
fox squirrel, white-tailed deer
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DECREASE HARVEST
Description: State and federal wildlife agencies
set regulations for game and fish species.
Landowners may choose to take the maximum
allowed or less than that. Not an option for
migratory birds since individual landowners
cannot influence population
 Species to Consider: northern bobwhite,
eastern cottontail, eastern fox squirrel, whitetailed deer, bluegill/largemouth bass
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INCREASE HARVEST
Description: State and federal wildlife agencies
set regulations for game and fish species.
Landowners may choose to take the maximum
allowed or less than that. Not an option for
migratory birds since individual landowners
cannot influence population
 Species to Consider: eastern cottontail, eastern
fox squirrel, white-tailed deer,
bluegill/largemouth bass
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WILDLIFE DAMAGE MANAGEMENT
Description: Using lethal and nonlethal
methods to control problems occurring when
wildlife and humans interact
 Species to Consider: barred owl, eastern
cottontail, eastern fox squirrel, white-tailed deer
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WILDLIFE OR FISH SURVEY
Description: Data collected on trends of wildlife
populations and physical attributes used to
prescribe future harvest or land management
strategies
 Species to Consider: All species, always
recommend unless you are given information
that one has been recently conducted
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CONSTRUCT FISH POND
Description: Used to create ponds specifically
for fish with relatively permanent water. Ponds
with steep sloping sides reduce aquatic
vegetation and favor balanced fish populations
 Species to Consider: bluegill & largemouth
bass
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CONTROL AQUATIC VEGETATION
Description: Vegetation reduces ability of
predator species to find prey. Can be
accomplished through deepening edges of
pond and chemical/biological control
 Species to Consider: bluegill & largemouth
bass
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FERTILIZE/LIME FISH POND
Description: Increases
phytoplankton/zooplankton and prevents
rooted aquatic weeds from becoming
established. Fertilizer should be applied if
water is clear enough to see 18 inches below
surface
 Species to Consider: bluegill & largemouth
bass
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REDUCE TURBIDITY IN FISH POND
Description: caused by particles in water such
as sediment from erosion. Can be fixed by
reseeding areas of bare soil around pond.
Allows sunlight to stimulate phytoplankton
 Species to Consider: bluegill & largemouth
bass
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RESTOCK FISH POND
Description: Drastic measure that should only
consider after trying other management
techniques. Should be done by removing all
fish in a pond and restocking with balanced
population
 Species to Consider: bluegill & largemouth
bass
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STREAMS: CREAT POOLS
Description: Boulders, rock, and logs can be
placed in streams to create pools for various
fish to hide, feed, and rest
 Species to Consider: bluegill & largemouth
bass
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STREAMS: REMOVE FISH BARRIERS
Description: Remove culverts or dams to allow
fish to access and migrate within stream
system
 Species to Consider: bluegill & largemouth
bass
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