Transcript APES Exam Review Jeopardy!

APES Exam Review
Matter,
energy,
ecosystems,
biodiversity
Air pollution,
climate change,
biomes
Renewable &
nonrenewable
resources
Human
population,
food/soil
mgmt
Water
resources,
pollution,
aquatic
systems
Environmental hazards,
miscellaneous
100
100
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100
100
100
200
200
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200
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300
300
300
300
300
300
400
400
400
400
400
400
500
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500
500
FINAL
Matter, energy, ecosystems,
biodiversity 100
Why are invasive species harmful? Give an
example of an invasive species and explain
how they got there and what problems they
caused.
Lionfish, water hyacinth, Formosa termites,
zebra mussels, nutria, etc.
Matter, energy, ecosystems,
biodiversity 200
How is the phosphorous cycle different from
other biogeochemical cycles?
There is no atmospheric component, it is much
slower, it involves rocks as a substantial role, it
relies on weathering of rock, etc.
Matter, energy, ecosystems,
biodiversity 300
How does geographic or reproductive
isolation contribute to biodiversity?
Isolation allows two populations of one
species to evolve independently of each
other. If this happens for a long enough
period of time, speciation occurs and they
are recognized as two different species.
Matter, energy, ecosystems,
biodiversity 400
What is an ecological niche? Distinguish
between specialist and generalist species.
The role of a species in its ecosystem and all conditions it
needs to live (food, water, space). A specialist has a narrow
ecological niche and zone of tolerance for many conditions it
needs to live; often found in only one place in the world
(example: Madagascar lemurs). A generalist is adapted to a
broad range of conditions and are often found in many places
(cockroaches, humans).
Matter, energy, ecosystems,
biodiversity 500
What is the definition of ecological
footprint?
Amount of land and water needed to supply
a population with the resources it uses and
degrade the wastes produced; a measure of
the environmental impact of people in
difference areas.
Air pollution, climate change,
biomes 100
Which biome is expanding rapidly?
Desert- why?
Air pollution, climate change,
biomes 200
What is the rain shadow effect?
More rainfall on
the windward side
of mountain
ranges, deserts
forming on the
leeward side
Air pollution, climate change,
biomes 300
Give 3 realistic impacts of anthropogenic
climate change (either projected to happen
or have already been happening).
Spreading of tropical diseases, glacial & ice
sheet melting, sea level rise, more intense
hurricanes, more frequent El Niño cycles,
more severe droughts and floods, etc.
Air pollution, climate change,
biomes 400
Which of the following is a beneficial gas when
found in the stratosphere but harmful when produced
in the troposphere?
a. Radon
b. Carbon monoxide
c. Ozone
d. Methane
e. CFCs
c. Ozone
Air pollution, climate change,
biomes 500
Give 3 air pollutants released by the
combustion of fossil fuels. Only one can
contain carbon.
Primary pollutants: carbon dioxide OR carbon
monoxide OR CFCs, NOx, SOx, mercury.
Secondary pollutants: acid rain (nitric acid,
sulfuric acid), ozone, PANs
Renewable & nonrenewable
resources 100
The half life of a radioactive substance is 10
million years. If 12.5% of the substance is
remaining, how much time has passed?
12.5% = 1/8, which is 3 half lives.
3 x 10 million years = 30 million years
Renewable & nonrenewable
resources 200
All nonrenewable power plants (nuclear,
coal, natural gas) produce thermal pollution.
a. Where does the thermal pollution go?
b. What is the impact of this thermal
pollution?
a. Into the atmosphere/into a body of water
b. Warms the atmosphere/causes an oxygen
depleted zone in the water
Renewable & nonrenewable
resources 300
The environmental effects of a hydroelectric dam
include which of the following? (could be
multiple)
I.
Loss of land for agriculture
II. Habitat/ecosystem fragmentation
III. Sediment buildup behind the dam
IV. Disruption of migratory species
All of the above
Renewable & nonrenewable
resources 400
a. Which fuel resource used for the generation
of electricity is used the most in the United
States?
b. Which fuel resource produces the most
harmful air & water pollutants?
a. Coal👎
b. Coal 👎
Renewable & nonrenewable
resources 500
a.
b.
What fuel source is extracted using
hydraulic fracturing, or fracking?
Give one example of an environmental
impact from fracking.
a.Natural gas
b.Increased seismic activity, contamination
of drinking water with natural gas and/or
fracking chemicals, disruption of food webs
from contamination of water sources
Human population, food/soil
management 100
Give an example of a
country that could
have an age structure
diagram with this
shape:
India, Pakistan, Afghanistan,
many African countries (such as
Kenya, Liberia)
Human population, food/soil
management 200
Give 3 factors that slow down population
growth rates to more stable numbers.
•
•
•
•
•
Access to basic healthcare
Education opportunities for women and children
Women as members of the workforce
Access to family planning options
Family planning legislation that encourage families to
have fewer children (like China)
• Reduction of poverty (less pressure to have more
children)
Human population, food/soil
management 300
Give 3 environmental problems
caused/worsened by the food industry.
Fertilizer runoff, water shortage, soil
erosion from clearing forests, soil
salinization, water logging, adding
greenhouse gases into the atmosphere
a.
b.
c.
d.
Human population, food/soil
management 400
What is monoculture?
Organic farming
Tilling the land once a year
Growing a single crop in the
same field for many years
A GMO grain
C. Growing a single crop in the same
field for many years
DAILY DOUBLE – Human
population, food/soil management
A town’s 2015 population is 12,000. The
birth rate is 20 per 1000 and the death rate
is 10 per 1000. What will the 2016
population be?
P1 = 12,120
Bonus point opportunity!
Water resources, pollution,
aquatic systems 100
All of the following can influence major
ocean currents except:
a. Glacier or ice sheet melting
b. Gravity
c. Differences in water density
d. Earthquakes
e. Offshore wind turbines
f. Differences in water salinity
e. Offshore wind turbines
Water resources, pollution,
aquatic systems 200
What is the water table?
The top part of the Zone of Saturation,
where the spaces between soil particles
and rock are filled with water.
Water resources, pollution,
aquatic systems 300
Give 2 problems caused by
depleting an aquifer.
Land subsidence (sinking),
sinkholes, contamination by
saltwater, worsened drought
Water resources, pollution,
aquatic systems 400
Give 2 reasons why a dam and reservoir
would be built.
The reservoir can be used for irrigation
water, drinking water, or recreational
activities.
The dam can be used to generate
electricity or reduce flooding
downstream.
Water resources, pollution,
aquatic systems 500
What is thermohaline circulation?
The transfer of heat driven by
differences in saltwater
densities.
Environmental hazards,
miscellaneous 100
Since we live in the PNW which has
abundant reliable runoff, why do we care
about the Colorado River and the drought
in the Southwestern US?
A substantial portion of crops are
grown and livestock is raised there.
15% of the nation’s food is watered
directly from the Colorado River.
Environmental hazards,
miscellaneous 200
What is the name
for organisms that
are strong
swimmers? (Many
never touch the
ocean floor in their
lifetime)
Nekton (pelagic also okay)
Environmental hazards,
miscellaneous 300
Give 2 examples of biological hazards.
• Any infectious diseases caused by bacteria,
viruses, insects, etc.
• Cancer caused by environmental conditions
• Biohazard material (human waste or tissue)
Environmental hazards,
miscellaneous 400
Give 2 examples of chemical hazards.
Pesticides, pharmaceuticals, radiation,
VOCs, etc.
Environmental hazards,
miscellaneous 500
When a coiled wire is spun around a
magnet, an electrical current is produced.
What is the name of the component that
is spun? What is the name of the
component that produces the electricity?
Turbine, generator
FINAL JEOPARDY
Describe what an El Niño is and where it occurs.
The warm phase of cycling warm and cold surface
temperatures in the ocean. This causes increased ocean
evaporation, which triggers major climate events like
tropical storms on the Pacific Coast of South America.
This also disrupts nutrient upwelling, depriving
shallower waters of nutrients, resulting in depletion of
fish populations. This is very harmful for higher
consumers (like seals) and fishermen.