Transcript endangered species bio powerpoint

A plant or animal species small in numbers and
is in endanger of becoming extinct.
The most common reasons for endangerment
are as follows: overhunting, intentional
extermination, destruction of habitat, pollution, and
the introduction of invasive species.
Destruction of Habitat
Polluted
Habitat
One of the most common ways to prevent
endangerment is to protect habitats by creating
national parks, nature reserves, and wilderness areas.
You could also replant forests and native plants.
Northeastern Bulrush
The Bulrush is endangered because their habitat is
threatened by water level, pollution, and excavation.
The greatest threat is the destruction of its wetland
habitat.
Virginia Spiraea
Impoundments, road construction, unmanaged
recreational use of river corridors, industrial
development, lack of watershed management, and
uncontrolled development of river corridors threaten
the spiraea.
Delmarva Fox Squirrel
The primary reason of endangerment for the squirrel is loss of
forested habitat, human development, predation, traffic
mortality, and competition from gray squirrels.
Short-eared Owl
Suitable nesting habitats are extremely limited in PA and
intense agriculture farmers make many potential areas
unsuitable.
Yellow-bellied flycatcher
Some threats are changes in vegetation and reproductive
capacity resulting from heavy metal amounts in the
ecosystem. Mining in northern PA has eliminated some of the
birds habitat.
Native Species- one that occurs naturally with
respect to a particular ecosystem.
Introduced Species- Species whose existence in an
area is due to human action or activity.
Invasive Species- An new species to an area
whose introduction does or is likely to cause
economic or environmental harm or harm to
human health.
Five of the most common reasons invasive
species get into the country are as follows: accident,
ships, wood products, ornamental plants, and pet
trade.
Four of the most common ways that invasive
species effect our environment are as follows: create
competition, change food webs, prevent native
species form reproducing, and alter ecosystem
conditions.
Zebra Mussel, Dreissena polymorpha. They originated in
Balkans, Poland. They have spread within all the Great
Lakes. They threaten native fish and wildlife by reducing
species of algae and microscopic aquatic animals that
are important for the food chain in their introduced
environments.
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid, Adelges tsugae. It was First
described in western North America in 1924 and first seen
in the eastern United States in 1951 near Richmond, VA. In
their native environment, this species caused little to no
damage to the hemlock trees they fed on, because the
trees had built up an immunity to them. In their introduced
environment, they cause up to ninety percent mortality in
hemlock trees.
European Corn Borer, Ostrinia nubilalis. This insect came from
Europe on a ship most likely bearing corn. In its 79 years in America
the European corn borer has spread into Canada, into the Rocky
Mountains, and south to Florida and New Mexico. The corn borers
damage or kill corn by digging through the shank, cob, and/or
kernels. They make farmers lose more than 1 billion dollars annually.
Garlic mustard, Alliaria petiolata. The garlic mustard
originated in Europe as a vitamin rich winter herb. It was
brought over by settlers. It has spread through southern
and western PA. It grows earlier in the spring than native
plants and prevents their growth. It will also crowd out
growing plants.
Canada Thistle, Cirsium arvense. It was introduced to
the U.S.A in the 1600’s. It is native to Europe. The thistle
came accidentally through farm seed shipments. It
crowds out native species and reduces crop yield. Its
growth stops when temperature exceeds 85o F for
extended periods.
Reintroduced Species- Attempts made to prevent
the extinction of threatened species and populations
by reintroducing them in their natural habitat.
Extirpated Species- The local disappearance of a
species, as opposed to extinction.
Between 1913 and 1926 the Pennsylvania game
commission released 117 elk into Pennsylvania state
forests. They introduced the Rocky Mountain Elk,
taken from Wyoming and South Dakota, which is not
the original elk species in PA, but share mostly the
same roles and niches in the environment. So far, the
elk are doing no damage to the habitat.
Endangered Species
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/endangered+species
Endangered Species Need Your Help!
http://www.endangeredspecie.com/Ways_To_Help.htm
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
http://www.fws.gov/midwest/endangered/plants/smallwhorledpogoniafs.html
Pennsylvania Game Commission
http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt?open=514&objID=621014&mode=2
Invasive Species Glossary of Terms
http://www.invasivespecies.org/resources/Glossary.html
Environmental Global Issues Map
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/pae/es_map/articles/article_66.mhtml
Invasive Species in PA
http://www.defenders.org/resources/publications/invasives/pennsylvania.pdf
Iowa State University: Department of Entology
http://www.ent.iastate.edu/pest/cornborer/insect
United States Department of Agriculture
http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/canthistle.shtml