Transcript communities
COMMUNITIES HOW DO COMMUNITIES OF ORGANISMS INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER? Communities Definition • groups of different populations of organisms living together in the same place at the same time • Communities interact through competition, predation, and symbiotic relationships What must all organisms in a community have? • Habitat – Where the organism lives. – Ex. Bird lives in the nest of a tree. • Niche - The organism’s role in the community. – Ex. Scavenger, Predator, Prey NOT ENOUGH FOR ALL • Hey hey hey I see some nice fruits on that tree but it looks like those finches bird are also have their eyes on it. I don’t even think there are enough for our little blue jay flock let alone them. LET’S GET IT! 1-COMPETITION: FIGHT FOR RESOURCES • INTRASPECIFIC- competition within the SAME species • INTERSPECIFIC- competition among different species HIDE OR I WILL GET YOU • I AM ALWAYS IN FEAR OF THAT JAGUAR COMING OUT OF THE BLUE TO KILL ME FOR FOOD, BUT I HAVE TO LOOK FOR SOMETHING TO EAT… A HYENA GETS HUNGRY TOO!! 2-PREDATION • PREDATOR- PREY RELATIONSHIP Organisms in a community must interact in a predator-prey relationship to obtain food for survival. Predator/prey relationships are also a means of population control in communities Predator/Prey Graph Predator/prey relationship can control populations 3-SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS SYMBIOSIS: CLOSE ECOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO OR MORE ORGANISMS OF A DIFFERENT SPECIES YOU ARE MY FRIEND…AREN’T YOU? • I FEEL THAT OUR FRIENDSHIP IS AN EQUAL PARTNERSHIP. YOU HELP ME WHEN I NEED IT AND LIKEWISE I HELP YOU. THIS RELATIONSHIP IS GREAT…WE ARE IN SYMBIOSIS MUTUALISM RELATIONSHIP • BOTH ORGANISMS BENEFIT FROM THE RELATIONSHIP – BACTERIA IN OUR STOMACH BACTERIA HELPS US DIGEST FOOD, BACTERIA HAS A HOME – ANTS LIVING ON APHIDS(PLANT) ANTS FEED ON SUGARY APHID, ANTS PROTECT THE PLANT SOMETIMES I FEEL USED • YOU KNOW, WE ARE GOOD FRIENDS, BUT SOMETIMES I FEEL LIKE YOU ARE ASKING ME TO HELP YOU OUT ALL THE TIME…TESTS, HW, PROJECTS. I AM GETTING QUITE SICK OF IT AND FEEL HURT BY IT PARASITISM RELATIONSHIP • ONE ORGANISM BENEFITS THE OTHER IS HARMED – Virus infects a cell – Fleas on a dog – Mosquito bites us I REALLY DON’T CARE, IT DOESN’T BOTHER ME • YOU CAN COPY MY WORK ALL YOU WANT, AS ALONG AS WE BOTH GET THE SAME GRADE COMMENSALISM RELATIONSHIP • ONE ORGANISM BENEFITS THE OTHER IS NOT HARMED – BARNACLES ON A WHALE’S BODY – REMORA FISH ATTACHES ITSELF TO A SHARK WRITING RELATIONSHIPS IN SHORTHAND • MUTUALISM ( +/+ ) • PARASITISM (+/ -) • COMMENSALISM ( +/ 0)