Transcript What is GEO BON? - Group on Earth Observations

National Aeronautics and Space Administration
The GEO Biodiversity Observation
Network
Boston University
Department of Geography
4 May 2009
(c) 2009 California Institute of Technology. Government sponsorship acknowledged.
Gary Geller
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
What is GEO BON?
Global network, and collaboration
 Interoperating biodiversity observation
systems
 Collect, manage, analyze, share data
on status of the world’s biodiversity
Scholes et al., Science 321: 22 August 2008
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Overview
 GEO and GEOSS
 GEO BON
 Implementation
 Challenges
 Next Steps
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Group on Earth Observations
 Response to 2002 World Summit on
Sustainable Development
 Global collaboration needed
 Enhance interoperability
 Voluntary partnership
• 79 governments + EC
• 56 participating organizations
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granti
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GEOSS
 Global Earth Observing System of Systems
• Disasters
• Health
• Energy
• Climate
• Water
9 SBAs
• Weather
• Agriculture
• Ecosystems
GEO BON
• Biodiversity
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Why do we need GEO BON?
Living Planet Index, 1970-2000
http://www.panda.org/about_our_earth/all_publications/living_planet_report/
WWF, WCMC
Some components of a BON
 Collection
 Storage & distribution
 Tools
 Partnerships
Many observations…
but not fully utilized
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moczarski
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Collecting observations
 Many gaps
• Spatial
• Temporal
• Taxonomic
• Topical
 Uneven coverage
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Lack of coordination
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Storage and distribution
 Many systems
 Many observations
 Dispersed, unconnected
 Little coordination
 Sharing is difficult
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Lack of system interoperability
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Tools for working with data
 Important capabilities missing
 Capabilities not integrated
 System-specific
 Data utilization too difficult
Lack the full set of tools
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illustris
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Integration across scales
In-situ observations
Sparse…but finely detailed
RS observations
Global…but spatially coarse
 Cannot extract the full value from data
 Need to combine in-situ and RS data
• Provide continuous and complete
datasets
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Partnerships
Collaboration
Coordination
Network of BONS
GEO BON
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GEO BON: A network of BONs
1. Data collection coordination
•
•
Global sampling framework
Ecosystems, species, genes, ecosystem
services
2. System interoperability
•
Guidelines and coordination
3. New and coordinated tools
•
Extraction, synthesis, & visualization
4. Stronger partnerships
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Focal areas
 Quantifying and mapping drivers of
biodiversity change
 Recording impacts of biodiversity change
• Especially vital ecosystem services
 Reporting biodiversity status and its changes
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flavitarsus
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Focal areas
 Ecosystems
 Species
 Genes
 Ecosystem services
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History
 2003: GEO forms
 2006-2007: GEO BON established
• Concept Document drafted
 April 2008: stakeholder meeting
• Blessed basic concept
 October 2008: Implementation Overview
 November 2008: GEO V Plenary
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Concept
Scarabaeus
pius
GEO BON
Community Network
In-situ
Observational
Needs
Coordination
& facilitation
Remote
Observations
•Ecosystems
•Species
•Genes
•Ecosystem services
Data Extraction
& Visualization
Tools
Observation Products
•Maps
•Status indicators
•Change metrics
•…
End Users
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Target users
 Governments and agencies
 Parties to international conventions
 Conservation organizations
 Decision makers
 Researchers
 Public
Megistomela
punctatissima
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Goals
 Create inter-operable "system of systems"
 Establish global clearinghouse
 Assess state of biodiversity
 Monitor change over time
 Quantify and map the causes of change
 Record the impacts of change
 Provide ecological forecasts
Doryphora
pyrrhoptera
Scope
 Broad
 Complete
 Ambitious
 New
Pachylomera femoralis
What value will GEO BON add?
 Global framework for detecting change
 Coordinated observations
 Improved information delivery
 New assessment and forecast products, e.g.
• Global maps of ecosystem services
• Predicted areas of rapid degradation
 End-end continuity
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End-end continuity
To knowledge and
decision making
From raw
physical data
To electronic
data
To data
processing
To information
generation
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GEO BON must be
a community-driven activity!
Lamprima latreillei
Observations:
Ecosystems, species, genes, and
ecosystem services
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Ecosystems
 Global maps
 Terrestrial
 Freshwater
 Marine
 Distribution
 Extent
 Condition
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Ecosystems: Change
 What
 How
 Causes
 Consequences
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Ecosystems
GEOSS Global Ecosystem Mapping Task: Geospatial approach
(terrestrial, US)
http://rmgsc.cr.usgs.gov/ecosystems/method.shtml
Species
 Globally:
• How is distribution changing?
• How is abundance changing?
 Coordinated global sampling scheme
• Eg. Pereira and Cooper, TREE, 2006
 Select representative species
 Sample periodically
 Many gaps to fill
 Requires capacity building
Species: Methods
 In-situ sampling
 Remote sensing
 Modeling
 Representative coverage
• Taxa
• Ecosystem types
• Geographic regions
Agelia petelii nigrita
Species: Which ones?
Genes
 Important for…
• Small population sizes
• Large scale harvesting
• Large scale release operations
 Observe genes and variability over
time
• Selected species and genetic
components
Chrysochroa ocellata
Genes: How?
 Because genes and genetic diversity linked
to…
• Species range
• Physical environment
 Can infer change…
• From changes in range extent
or environment
 Use RS and modeling
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flavitarsus
Ecosystem goods and services
 Quantify change using indicators
 Goods
• Food and fiber
 Services
• Clean air and water
• Waste disposal
• Pollination
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Implementation
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moczarski
Implementation approach
 Incremental
 Opportunistic
 Collaborative
 Starting point: Topical Working Groups
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Topical working groups
1. Map concepts to activities
2. Find regional and thematic partners
3. Together, create an implementation plan
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Topical working groups
 Ecosystem change
 Terrestrial
 Marine
 Freshwater
 Species change
 Terrestrial
 Genetic change
 Ecosystem services change
 In-situ / remote sensing integration
 Data integration and interoperability
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Concepts
Topical
Working groups
Activities
Concepts
Regional / thematic
BONs and partners
Implementation
Concept Document
Implementation
Regional and local
implementation
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Thematic partners
 ILTER
 GBIF
 UNEP-WCMC
 Space agencies
 National wildlife / park agencies
 NGOs
…
Callopistus castelnaudi
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Possible regional partners
 EBONE
 Asia-Pacific BON
 JBON (research oriented)
 UK BON?
 Southern Africa BON?
?
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Early products
 Product exemplars
• Populations & drivers of change
• Protected areas tools
• Ecosystems change maps
• Marine (Census of Marine Life)
 Primary obstacle is funding
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decemguttata
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Citizen Science
 “Traditional” methods alone not adequate
 Precedents
• Christmas Bird Count
• Breeding Bird Survey
• Feeder Watch
 New efforts are needed
• http://whatsbloomin.com
Calodema wallacei
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Funding
 Mostly "in-kind"
 Gap-filling
• Sampling
• Tools
 Integrating and extending existing systems
 Marginal cost relatively low
• Leverages base cost
Belinota sumptuosa
Challenges
 Making independently developed systems
work together
 Ensuring appropriate incentives for
partners
 Filling in observation gaps
 Integrating in-situ and remote sensing obs
 Funding and resources
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Next steps
 Further engage biodiversity community
 Facilitate regional / thematic BONs
 Develop implementation plans
 Develop funding mechanisms
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Thank you
Near Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
Cenistra dohrni
Website: Google “GEO BON”
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