Transcript 15. Grey Crowned Crane

Habitat Loss
Orange County, California
Dingo Fence – The World’s Longest
– New South Wales
The Dingo –
Canis familiarus dingo
Earth, Fire, and Water
Erosion and loss of habitat on
Round Island, Mauritius
Maori Use of Fire
Smokey
the bear
- 1953
Smokey the
Bear - 1960
Longleaf Pine Savanna
Fire – Bitterroot National Forest,
Montana, August 2000
Everglades
Surface
Water Flow
Forests and Deforestation
• Deforestation occurs when forest converted
to another type of ecosystem
• Forests cover less than 6% of the earth’s
total surface area
• Forests are the habitat for the majority of
the earth’s known species
• Forests are being lost faster than they are
growing
U.S. National Forests (green) and Grasslands (yellow)
United States Virgin Forests
1650
1926
Global Forest Loss
• Africa has lost 30% of its forests, Brazil has
lost 40%, the Philippines has lost 50% and
Europe has lost 70%
• In developing nations, 10 trees are cut down
for every tree planted; in Africa that ratio is
20 to 1
• FAO of the UN estimates that 100 million
people in 26 countries face acute shortages
of firewood
Gathering Firewood Kutum, Africa
Swidden
Agriculture
Swidden Agriculture
Swidden Agriculture
Cattle Ranching Brazil
Tropical Dry Forest
Desertification
• Desertification is the conversion of
grassland and savanna habitat into relatively
sparse, unproductive vegetation
• The main cause of desertification is
overgrazing by livestock
Rio
Puerco
Basin
NM
Rio Puerco Basin
1885
1977
Rio Puerco Today
Overgrazing – Texas and England
Left good, right overgrazed
Left good, right overgrazed
Wetlands
• Wetlands are lands that are transitional
between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems
Freshwater Wetland Types
General Locations of U.S. Wetlands
Crane Species
• 1. Eurasian Crane,
2. Black-necked crane,
3. Munktrana,
• 4. Sandhill Crane,
• 5. Whooping Crane,
6. Japanese crane,
7. White-naped Crane,
8. Sarus Crane,
9. Australian Crane,
10. Siberian Crane,
11. Wattled Crane,
12. Demoiselle Crane,
13. Blue Crane,
14. Black Crowned Crane,
15. Grey Crowned Crane
Grey Crowned Crane
Grey Crowned Crane
Habitat Fragmentation
• Fragmentation is the breakdown of a habitat
or ecosystem into smaller patches of that
habitat or ecosystem that now are isolated
from each other
Habitat
Fragmentation
Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace
The Galapagos
Galapagos Tortoise
Galapagos Mockingbirds
Galapagos Mockingbirds collected
by Darwin
Malay Archipelago
Beetles and Moths Collected by
A.R. Wallace
Butterflies from Malay Archipelago
Sphingid Butterfly Diversity Malay
Archipelago
Island
Habitats in
Baltic Sea
Reptile and Amphibian Species Area Curve
for Caribbean Islands
Habitat Islands
In the Great Basin
Bird Species
Mammal Species
Ant species
On New
Guinea and
Nearby
Islands
Real Slopes for Species-Area Curves
• Oceanic islands birds - New Guinea islands
•
beetles - West Indies
•
land plants - Channel islands
z=0.22
z=0.34
z=0.37
• Habitat islands
•
•
•
z=0.29
z=0.165
z=0.326
z=0.72
birds - Andes paramo
birds - mtns of Great Basin
mammals - mtns of Great Basin
inverts -caves in West Virginia