Transcript FOOD WEBS

Question of the Day
How do producers help an
ecosystem?
2. How do decomposers help an
ecosystem?
1.

2-16
Objectives:

Describe how energy flows through
a food chain / web
Announcement
2-16
Quiz = Wednesday 2-23
(odd days) Thursday 2-24 (even
days)  study guide provided on
Wednesday 2-16 (even days)
Thursday 2-17 (odd days)
Assignment
Create and draw your own food chain. It
must have:
Odd days stopped –
2-11 – but did not do
 a Producer
Q of the Day or
review slides
 a Decomposer
 At least two consumers (labeled correctly
– primary, secondary, etc.)
 and it must show the 4 essentials for a
producer
Everything MUST be labeled appropriately (secondary
producer, decomposer, etc.)
Also label each consumer as an herbivore, carnivore, or an
omnivore
 How
does it sound to hear that you have
probably been a source of food for many
organisms? How?

EXAMPLE: When a mosquito bites you,
she is taking your blood for energy for her
eggs.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHHQIQsPvGc&feature
= bot flies
Food Chain

Please create a food chain using the
following organisms
GLUCOSE
 Lettuce
uses the sun’s energy to produce its
food, which is ___________. PRODUCER
• Lettuce would be considered a
_____________
 PRIMARY
Lettuce is used for
food by a person
CONSUMER
• The Person would be considered a
____________ SECONDARY
______________
 The
person’s blood is used for food by the
CONSUMER
mosquito




The mosquito is food for a dragon fly
(_____________
TERTIARY _____________)
CONSUMER
The dragon fly is food for a frog (____
4th ________
LEVEL
_____________)
CONSUMER
The frog dies and is broken down by bacteria
• Bacteria is considered a DECOMPOSER
________________
NUTRIENTS are
The decayed organism’s ______________
returned to the soil.
NUTRIENTS + MINERALS
• Plants now take _________________________
from the soil to grow
Food Webs

FOOD WEBS – a series of
connected food chains


Food webs are more
complicated than food chains
They show ALL the
relationships between the
specified organisms.
Food Web
SUN
Plant
Plankton
Minnows
Tadpoles
Macroinvertebrates
Mayfly
Larvae
Sunfish
Kingfisher
Bacteria
Food Web Questions
1.
Which predator has the most connections? Sunfish
2.
What are the mayfly larvae’s predators? Sunfish and
Minnows
3.
Does every organism have at least one source of food?
Macro-invertebrates??? – but they must just not
shown
4.
5.
What are the producers? Plant Plankton
List three primary consumers? Sunfish, minnows,
mayfly larvae, animal plankton, etc
Draw the Food Web
SUN
Plant
Plankton
Minnows
Tadpoles
Macroinvertebrates
Mayfly
Larvae
Sunfish
Kingfisher
Bacteria
6.
List three secondary consumers? sunfish, kingfisher, minnow
7.
What would happen to the population numbers of the other
organisms if the Minnow’s went extinct? some populations would
decrease, some would increase until a new equilibrium is
reached
8.
What is the decomposer? bacteria
Are there any scavengers? None listed – however most
organisms will scavenge a meal if possible
How would an ecologist use a food web?
-To calculate how the loss of a species could affect the
remaining species
9.
10.
-To figure the role of different organisms in an ecosystem
6.
List three secondary consumers? ____sunfish, kingfisher,
minnow______
7.
What would happen to the population numbers of the other
organisms if the Minnow’s went extinct? ___some populations
would decrease, some would increase until a new equilibrium
is reached____
8.
What is the decomposer? _____bacteria____
9.
Are there any scavengers? ___None listed – however most
organisms will scavenge a meal if possible_______
10.
How would an ecologist use a food web?
-To calculate how the loss of a species could affect the
remaining species
-To figure the role of different organisms in an ecosystem
Ecosystem Terms – Energy
Pyramid

Energy Pyramid – made up of levels
that show the amount of energy in a
food web

The 10% rule:
• As you move from one level to the
next, there is a 90% loss of energy.
This means that only 10% get
passed on to the next level.
• Where does all the energy go???
The energy gets lost as heat or is
Food Pyramid

How much energy is lost at each step?

90%
Hawk
10 Calories
Snake
100 Calories
Weasel
1000 Calories
Mouse
10,000 calories
Seeds
100,000 Calories
Mouse eats 100,000 calories of seeds…but only retains 10,000 calories
in its body…why?
Quick Talk
Habitat
Omnivore
Herbivore
Ecosystem
Species
Decomposer
Producer
Population
Hybrid
Hybrid
Food Chain
Niche
9-17
Fill in the Concept Map I gave you.
- Use your notes if needed
Q of the Day
9-14
 An
example of an ecosystem =
 An abiotic factor within this ecosystem =
 A biotic factor in this ecosystem =
 Objective:


Discuss carnivores, omnivores, herbivores
Discuss the 10% rule
Draw the Food Chain
SUN
Wheat
Grasshopper
Soil
Shrew
Owl
Fungus
Food Chain

Answer the Following Questions about the
above food chain

What is the producer?
•

What is the decomposer?
•

Owl or shrew or grasshopper
Name the secondary consumer:
•

fungus
Name any consumer:
•

Wheat
shrew
Where does the energy come from in the food
chain?
•
Starts with the sun…then plants
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibits/biomes/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem
Quick Talk
Habitat
Ecosystem
Species
Population
Hybrid
Biosphere
Food Chain
 Draw


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
the following Food Chain:
Fungus (breaks down owl when it dies)
Shrew (eats the grasshopper)
Owl (eats the shrew)
Soil (produced after decomposition of owl –
used by plants)
Grasshopper (eats the wheat)
Shrew (eats grasshopper)
Food Webs
FOOD WEBS:




a series of connected food chains
Food webs are more complicated than
food chains
They show ALL the relationships
between the specified organisms.
Food Webs

Draw the following Food Web:

Sunfish (eat animal plankton, plant plankton,
tadpoles, minnows and mayfly larvae)

Minnows ( eat animal plankton, plant plankton
and mayfly larvae)

Tadpoles (eat plant plankton)

Kingfisher (a bird that eats sunfish and
minnows)

Mayfly Larvae (eats animal plankton and plant
plankton)

Plant plankton (microscopic plants that make
food from the sun)

Animal plankton (eats plant plankton and
bacteria)

Bacteria (breaks down any dead or decaying
organisms
Food Web


Food Web in an Antarctic Ecosystem
Algae (eaten by Cod, Adelie Penguin, Squid, Krill and Small
Animals)
 Small Animals (eaten by Cod and Squid)
 Krill (eaten by Adelie penguin, Cod and Crabeater seal)
 Cod (eaten by leopard seal, crabeater seal and adelie
penguin)
 Adelie Penguin (eaten by Leopard Seal and Killer Whale)
 Squid (eaten by Elephant Seal, Leopard Seal and Killer
Whales)
 Crabeater Seal (eaten by Leopard Seal and Killer Whale)
 Elephant Seal (eaten by Leopard Seal and Killer Whale)
 Leopard Seal (eaten by Killer Whale)
 Killer Whale (no predators)
 Bacteria (breaks down all dead organisms)
Examine the Food Web
Answer the following questions about the food web above:
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What are three tertiary consumers?
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Which is the top predator?
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Algae
What would happen if the Leopard Seal went extinct?
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Killer whale
What is the producer?


Algae
Which organism would you expect to have the lowest
population number?

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Orca (Killer Whale)
Which organism would you expect to have the highest
population number?
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Orca, Leopard Seal, Crabeater Seal, etc
Population shifts – Leopard seals prey would probably increase.
What would happen if the algae went extinct?

Food web would collapse
The ______________
is made up of…
____________ which
contain…
____________ made
up of…
____________ made
up of…
__________