Transcript Self test

What is the fate of excess
glucose?
Excess glucose is converted to glycogen by the liver for
storage. Some of the excess glucose is converted to
lipid.
Calculate the energy in 300mL milk
Milk (per 100 mL)
Energy
272 kJ
Carbohydrate
4.8g
Protein
3.4g
Fat
3.8g
Calcium
110 mg
272*3 = 816 kJ
What is L?
Pancreas
Villus
number
Large number to increase
surface area
Dietary fibre
Function
Stimulate peristalsis in gut
(intestine)
Night blindness
Not enough
Vitamin A
What is the fate of excess protein?
Excess amino acids cannot stored and will be broken
down in liver by deamination :
(i) Urea formed is carried via the bloodstream to the
kidneys and is excreted in the urine.
(ii)
The remaining part of the amino acid is
converted to glycogen and stored in liver.
What is the fate of excess protein?
Excess amino acids cannot stored and will be broken
down in liver by deamination :
(i) Urea formed is carried via the bloodstream to the
kidneys and is excreted in the urine.
(ii)
The remaining part of the amino acid is
converted to glycogen and stored in liver.
What is E?
Ileum
Dietary fibre
Deficiency disease
Constipation
Vitamin D
Deficiency disease
Rickets
Suggest a reason why construction
workers require more energy than
office clerks.
Construction worker need more energy for stronger
muscle contraction.
Explain how stomach is
protected from digestion.
Mucus can protect stomach from digestion
The human digestive system
consists of
Alimentary canal and Digestive glands
Pancreas
Digestive juice
Pancreatic juice
Vitamin D
Function
Help Calcium absorption
Intestinal juice
contain
Carbohydrase,
protease
Digestion of
protein starts at
K
Constipation
Need to eat more
vegetables
Calculate the amount of milk should
take to get 900mg of calcium.
Milk (per 100 mL)
Energy
272 kJ
Carbohydrate
4.8g
Protein
3.4g
Fat
3.8g
Calcium
110 mg
900/110*100 = 818 mL
Albustix paper
Positive result
Yellow to Green
Calcium
Deficiency disease
Rickets
Which part
stores faeces?
N
Scurvy
Need to eat more
Fruit, vegetable
Stomach
Physical digestion by
Churning of muscle
The average energy requirment of
Sam is 12000kJ but his average daily
intake is 14000 kJ. Explain how his
diet affects his body weight.
The energy intake (14000kJ) of the man is more than
his daily need (12000 kJ) .
Excess energy will be convert to fatty tissue and stored
under skin and around internal organs.
His weight increases / he will be overweight
Saliva
contain
Salivary amylase,
water
Pregnant women need more
protein
because
They need more protein for
foetus growth
Rickets
Not enough
Calcium/ Vitamin D
Pancreatic juice
Secreted by
Pancreas
What part is
acidic?
K
Scurvy
Not enough
Vitamin C
Clinistix paper
Positive result
Red to purple
Peter:
Weight:50kg,
Daily energy requirements: 11500 kJ
Calculate Peter’s daily energy requirement
per unit body weight (kJ/kg)?
11500/50 = 230 kJ/kg
Lipid
Food test
Spot test
What is absorption?
The digested food molecules
enter the circulatory system.
What food substances are
absorbed by Z?
Z
Lipid soluble substances: fatty acid,
glycerol, vitamin A, D, E, K
Vitamin C
Food test
DCPIP test
Baby need more energy per unit
body weight
because
The relative surface area of baby is
large, they need more energy to
produce heat to compensate heat loss
What is digestion?
Food is broken down into soluble
and simple molecules.
DCPIP test
Positive result
Blue to colourless
Decolorized
Reducing sugar
Food test
Benedict’s test
Blood in Y will first transport
to….through……
Y
liver; hepatic portal vein
Constipation
Not enough
Dietary fibre
Constructive worker need more
energy
because
They need more energy for
stronger muscle contraction
Night blindness
Need to eat more
Fish liver oil, carrot
Rickets
Need to eat more
Dairy product,
Cheese, Milk
Glucose
Function
Produce energy by
respiration
What is egestion?
The undigested materials are
removed from the body as faeces.
What is assimilation?
The absorbed food molecules are
taken up by cells for metabolism.
What are the importance of food?
Providing energy for doing activities and keeping us
warm;
Providing raw materials for growth and repair of body
tissues;
maintaining health
Anaemia
Need to eat more
Meat, liver
Calculate the amount of milk should
take to get 3600kJ ?
Milk (per 100 mL)
Energy
272 kJ
Carbohydrate
4.8g
Protein
3.4g
Fat
3.8g
Calcium
110 mg
3600/272*100 = 1323.5mL
Small intestine is long
because
It can provide more time to digest
and absorb food substances.
Bile
contain
Bile salt, hydrogencarbonate salt,
bile pigment
Lipase
Can be found in
Pancreatic juice
Pancreatic juice
contain
Amylase, protease, lipase,
Hydrogencarbonate salt
Gastric juice
contain
Protease,
hydrochloric acid
What is Z?
Z
Lacteal
Iron
Function
Form haemoglogin
Amylase
Can be found in
Saliva, pancreatic juice
Food move in alimentary canal
by
peristalsis
Which part is acidic?
stomach
Energy requirement depands on
Age, gender, occupation,
body status
What is N?
Rectum
Which part absorbs
the largest amount
of nutrient?
E
Iron
Deficiency disease
Anaemia
Gastric juice
Secreted by
Gastric gland in
stomach
Benedict’s test
Positive result
Brick red precipitate
Liver
Digestive juice
Bile
Protein
Food test
Albustix paper
Stomach
Digestive juice
Gastric juice
Girls needs more iron than boys
because
Girls loss blood in menstruation.
They need more iron to produce
blood
Teenager need more protein
because
They need more protein for
growth
What food substances are
absorbed by Y?
Y
Water soluble substances: glucose,
amino acid, vitamin C, minerals, water
What is B?
Gall bladder
Glucose
Food test
Clinistix paper
Intestinal juice
Secreted by
Intestinal gland in
small intestine
Spot test
Positive result
Translucent spot
disappeared
Anaemia
Not enough
Iron
State two features of X that allow it
to absorb food substances easily.
X
X is finger like to increase surface area to absorb food.
There are lots of X in small intestine to increase surface
area to absorb food.
Vitamin C
Function
Forming connective tissue
Mouth
Digestive juice
Saliva
Chemical digestion
by
Digestive enzymes
How to choose a healthier fast
food?
Choose fast food with less sugar, less
fried meat and more fresh vegetables
What is the fluid inside Z?
Z
Lymph
Mouth
Physical digestion by
Chewing of teeth
Bile
Physical digestion by
Emulsify fat to oil droplet to increase
surface area for lipase to act on
Our body weight increase
because
Our energy intake is more than energy
output. Excess energy will change to
lipid and store in our body.
Small intestine
Digestive juice
Intestinal juice
What is X?
X
Villus
Iodine test
Positive result
Brown to blue black
Protein
Functions
Growth and repair, produce
enzyme, hormone,
haemoglobin
Lipid
Function
Produce energy, shock absorber,
heat insulator
Protease
Can be found in
Gastric juice, pancreatic juice,
intestinal juice
Calcium
Function
Form bones and teeth
Water
Function
As solvent, for transport, heat
loss by sweating
Physical digestion
function
Increase surface area of food for
digestive enzyme to act on
Fast food is unhealthy
because
It contain lots of carbohydrates and
fats. But usually not enough dietary
fibre.
Vitamin C
Deficiency disease
Scurvy
Vitamin A
Deficiency disease
Night blindness
What part does
digestion of lipid
start?
D
Vitamin A
Function
Form pigment for
night vision
Teenager need more protein
because
They need more protein for
growth
Teenager need more calcium
for
The growth of bones and
teeth
Our body weight decrease
when
Our energy output is more than energy
intake. Stored lipid and glycogen will
be used to produce energy.
Villus
shape
Finger like to increase
surface area for absorption
What is Y?
Y
Blood capillaries
Starch
Food test
Iodine test
Matching
Glucose .
Glycerol .
Amino acid.
Fatty acid .
.Protein
.Starch
.Lipid
Saliva
Secreted by
Salivary gland
What is ingestion?
Food is taken in through the
mouth.
Bile
Secreted by
Liver
What are the 7 types of food
substances?
carbohydrate 碳水化合物
protein 蛋白質
lipid 脂質
mineral 礦物質
vitamin 維生素
dietary fibre 食用纖維
water
What part is
ingestion take
place?
H