Transcript Alimentary Canal - World of Teaching

The Alimentary Canal
Standard Grade Biology
Can you sort out the statements
into True and False?
Carbohydrates,
proteins and fats are
all made up of carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen and
oxygen.
Fats are made up of
smaller units called
amino acids
Starch is a large
carbohydrate molecule
Proteins are made up
of one or more glucose
molecules
Proteins are important
for the growth and
repair of cells
Starch molecules can
be broken down by
amylase.
Can you name the 2 different ways
we breakdown food in our bodies?
1. Mechanical Digestion
-teeth
2. Chemical Digestion
-enzymes
-bile
-stomach acid
1. Parts of The Alimentary Canal
The alimentary canal (or gut) is the tube
within the body through which food passes
and is processed in various ways
mouth
salivary glands
oesophagus
liver
stomach
pancreas
large intestine
small intestine
anus
2. Role of the Mouth
Teeth assist the
mechanical breakdown
of food
Saliva is mixed with
food during chewing
Saliva contains the
enzyme amylase which
starts the digestion of
food
Salivary gland
Salivary gland
Salivary gland
Saliva contains mucus
that keeps the mouth
moist and lubricates
food for easier
swallowing
3. Muscles of the Alimentary Canal
• Food has to be kept moving along the
alimentary canal whilst being mixed with
various juices
• These actions are brought about by
muscles in the walls of the canal over
which a person has little or no conscious
control
3. Peristalsis
The squeezing action of muscles that
is used to move food along the
alimentary canal
http://www.lionden.com/peristalsis.htm
Digestive Enzymes
• What do the following enzymes
breakdown?
• What do they break the large moleculs
down into?
• Amlyases
• Lipases
• Proteases
Digestion
‘the breakdown of large insoluble
molecules into soluble molecules’
Digestion and Digestive Juices
Saliva
GASTRIC JUICE
Bile
PANCREATIC
JUICE
INTESTINAL
JUICE
Sites of production of main
digestive juices
Site of digestive juice
production
Mouth
Main digestive juice
produced
Saliva
Stomach
Gastric juice
Liver
Pancreas
Bile (breaks down big fat
droplets into little fat
droplets
Pancreatic juice
Small Intestine
Intestinal juice
Digestion and Digestive Juices
SALIVA
•Salivary
amylase
GASTRIC JUICE
Bile
•Hydrochloric acid
•Pepsin (protease)
PANCREATIC
JUICE
INTESTINAL
JUICE
•Pancreatic lipase
In the Mouth…
Salivary amylase
Starch
maltose
• Broken down into glucose later by other
amylases
In the stomach
pepsin
Protein
peptides
Broken down into amino acids later by
other proteases
In the pancreas….
Pancreatic lipase
Fats
fatty acids and glycerol
After all the digestive enzymes
have done their work…
• Glucose
• Amino acids
• Fatty acids
• Glycerol
Finish the sentence….
• Something new I learnt today was…..
• Something I found difficult to understand
was…
• The thing I need to revise from today’s
lesson is…
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