Transcript Biology EOC Review Questions

Biology EOC Review
Questions
QUESTION SET 1
Question #1
Fats are classified as which of the following biological
organic compounds?
A. carbohydrates
B. lipids
C. nucleic acids
D. proteins
Question #1
Fats are classified as which of the following biological
organic compounds?
A. carbohydrates
B. lipids
C. nucleic acids
D. proteins
Question #2
Some organelles have their own DNA that is distinct
from the cell’s nuclear DNA. This is true of which
organelle?
A. cell wall
B. mitochondrion
C. plasma membrane
D. vacuole
Question #2
Some organelles have their own DNA that is distinct
from the cell’s nuclear DNA. This is true of which
organelle?
A. cell wall
B. mitochondrion
C. plasma membrane
D. vacuole
Question #3
Enzymes are classified as which of the following
biological organic compounds?
A. carbohydrates
B. lipids
C. nucleic acids
D. proteins
Question #3
Enzymes are classified as which of the following
biological organic compounds?
A. carbohydrates
B. lipids
C. nucleic acids
D. proteins
Question #4
______in plants is most similar to a sex cell in
humans?
A. egg
B. embryo
C. pollen
D. zygote
Question #4
_____in plants is most similar to a sex cell in humans?
A. egg
B. embryo
C. pollen
D. zygote
Question #5
Why do cells need buffering agents (buffers)?
A. to maintain constant internal environment at
a pH of 10
B. to minimize the changes in pH of the internal
environment
C. to function properly in an extremely basic
internal environment
D. to function properly in an extremely acid
internal environment
Question #5
Why do cells need buffering agents (buffers)?
A. to maintain constant internal environment at
a pH of 10
B. to minimize the changes in pH of the internal
environment
C. to function properly in an extremely basic
internal environment
D. to function properly in an extremely acid
internal environment
Question #6
Placing a grape in a concentrated syrup solution will
cause it to shrivel. Which statement best describes
what is occurring?
A. Water left the grape cells by osmosis.
B. Water entered the cells of the grape by
osmosis.
C. Osmosis caused sugars to enter the grape
cells.
D. Sugars in the grape caused water to leave
the cells.
Question #6
Placing a grape in a concentrated syrup solution will
cause it to shrivel. Which statement best describes
what is occurring?
A. Water left the grape cells by osmosis.
B. Water entered the cells of the grape by
osmosis.
C. Osmosis caused sugars to enter the grape
cells.
D. Sugars in the grape caused water to leave
the cells.
Question #7
Which cell process will move substances along a
concentration gradient, with the help of a carrier
protein?
A. diffusion
B. facilitated diffusion
C. osmosis
D. active transport
Question #7
Which cell process will move substances along a
concentration gradient, with the help of a carrier
protein?
A. diffusion
B. facilitated diffusion
C. osmosis
D. active transport
Question #8
Amylase is found in human saliva and breaks down
starch into sugar, beginning the process of digestion.
Which term best describes amylase?
A. enzyme
B. fatty acid
C. lipid
D. starch
Question #8
Amylase is found in human saliva and breaks down
starch into sugar, beginning the process of digestion.
Which term best describes amylase?
A. enzyme
B. fatty acid
C. lipid
D. starch
Question #9
The bacteria that cause tetanus can survive inside a
puncture wound that has healed on the outer surface
of the skin. Through what process do these bacteria
acquire the energy they need to survive?
A. aerobic respiration
B. anaerobic respiration
C. chemosynthesis
D. photosynthesis
Question #9
The bacteria that cause tetanus can survive inside a
puncture wound that has healed on the outer surface
of the skin. Through what process do these bacteria
acquire the energy they need to survive?
A. aerobic respiration
B. anaerobic respiration
C. chemosynthesis
D. photosynthesis
Question #10
Which of the following occurs in humans, when oxygen
is present?
A. anaerobic respiration
B. aerobic respiration
C. fermentation
D. photosynthesis
Question #10
Which of the following occurs in humans, when oxygen
is present?
A. anaerobic respiration
B. aerobic respiration
C. fermentation
D. photosynthesis
Question #11
Which statement best distinguishes aerobic from
anaerobic respiration?
A. Only aerobic respiration involves
fermentation.
B. Only anaerobic respiration occurs in the
mitochondria.
C. Only aerobic respiration requires oxygen.
D. Only anaerobic respiration produces carbon
dioxide.
Question #11
Which statement best distinguishes aerobic from
anaerobic respiration?
A. Only aerobic respiration involves
fermentation.
B. Only anaerobic respiration occurs in the
mitochondria.
C. Only aerobic respiration requires oxygen.
D. Only anaerobic respiration produces carbon
dioxide.
Question #12
Which most accurately describes the difference in ATP
production between aerobic respiration and anaerobic
respiration?
A. Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than
anaerobic respiration.
B. Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP
than aerobic respiration.
C. Only anaerobic respiration produces
measureable amounts of ATP.
D. Anaerobic and aerobic respiration produce
the same amount of ATP.
Question #12
Which most accurately describes the difference in ATP
production between aerobic respiration and anaerobic
respiration?
A. Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than
anaerobic respiration.
B. Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP
than aerobic respiration.
C. Only anaerobic respiration produces
measureable amounts of ATP.
D. Anaerobic and aerobic respiration produce
the same amount of ATP.
QUESTION SET 2
Question #1
A segment of a DNA strand has the following bases:
TAC GAT
What is the complementary strand of RNA?
A. UAG CAU
B. TAG CAT
C. ATG CTA
D. AUG CUA
Question #1
A segment of a DNA strand has the following bases:
TAC GAT
What is the complementary strand of RNA?
A. UAG CAU
B. TAG CAT
C. ATG CTA
D. AUG CUA
Question #2
Which relationship is most similar to the relationship
below?
DNA:mRNA
A. book: publisher
B. truck: factory
C. key: lock
D. baker: pie
Question #2
Which relationship is most similar to the relationship
below?
DNA:mRNA
A. book: publisher
B. truck: factory
C. key: lock
D. baker: pie
Question #3
In order for a protein to be produced, which is the final
step necessary?
A. replication
B. nondisjunction
C. transcription
D. translation
Question #3
In order for a protein to be produced, which is the final
step necessary?
A. replication
B. nondisjunction
C. transcription
D. translation
Question #4
Asexual reproduction provides for what to occur?
A. meiosis
B. budding
C. genetic stability
D. genetic variation
Question #4
Asexual reproduction provides for what to occur?
A. meiosis
B. budding
C. genetic stability
D. genetic variation
Question #5
Which of the following could likely threaten the survival
of a species?
A. genetic variation
B. beneficial environmental adaptations
C. a drastic change in the environment
D. changes in the gene pool due to random
mating
Question #5
Which of the following could likely threaten the survival
of a species?
A. genetic variation
B. beneficial environmental adaptations
C. a drastic change in the environment
D. changes in the gene pool due to random
mating
Question #6
Which term best describes the type of cell division in
which parent cells produce daughter cells with the
haploid number of chromosomes as the parent cells?
A. mitosis
B. meiosis
C. spermatogenesis
D. oogenesis
Question #6
Which term best describes the type of cell division in
which parent cells produce daughter cells with the
haploid number of chromosomes as the parent cells?
A. mitosis
B. meiosis
C. spermatogenesis
D. oogenesis
Question #7
What is the primary cause of variation in the offspring
of sexually reproducing organisms?
A. cytoplasmic division
B. environmental changes
C. mutation
D. recombination of alleles
Question #7
What is the primary cause of variation in the offspring
of sexually reproducing organisms?
A. cytoplasmic division
B. environmental changes
C. mutation
D. recombination of alleles
Question #8
Which of the following results in “crossing-over”?
A. meiosis
B. budding
C. mitosis
D. regeneration
Question #8
Which of the following results in “crossing-over”?
A. meiosis
B. budding
C. mitosis
D. regeneration
Question #9
Several matings between the same male white rat and
female brown rat produce all white rats. If white is
dominant and brown is recessive, what are the
genotypes of the parents?
A. BBxbb
B. Bbxbb
C. BBxBb
D. BbxBb
Question #9
Several matings between the same male white rat and
female brown rat produce all white rats. If white is
dominant and brown is recessive, what are the
genotypes of the parents?
A. BBxbb
B. Bbxbb
C. BBxBb
D. BbxBb
Question #10
Most sex-linked, recessive traits- including hemophilia
and color blindness-appear in males. This
phenomenon is best explained by which statement?
A. Males have an X chromosome with dominant
genes.
B. Most of the genes on the X and Y chromosomes of
males are recessive.
C. In males, the recessive sex-linked genes appear
only on the Y chromosome.
D. In males, the Y chromosome lacks the genes
needed to mask the recessive genes on the X
chromosome.
Question #10
Most sex-linked, recessive traits- including hemophilia
and color blindness-appear in males. This
phenomenon is best explained by which statement?
A. Males have an X chromosome with dominant
genes.
B. Most of the genes on the X and Y chromosomes of
males are recessive.
C. In males, the recessive sex-linked genes appear
only on the Y chromosome.
D. In males, the Y chromosome lacks the genes
needed to mask the recessive genes on the X
chromosome.
Question #11
Tay-Sachs is a recessive trait. What are the chances
that a child will develop Tay-Sachs disease if one
parent is homozygous dominant and the other has the
disease?
A. 0 out of 4
B. 1 out of 4
C. 2 out of 4
D. 3 out of 4
Question #11
Tay-Sachs is a recessive trait. What are the chances
that a child will develop Tay-Sachs disease if one
parent is homozygous dominant and the other has the
disease?
A. 0 out of 4
B. 1 out of 4
C. 2 out of 4
D. 3 out of 4
Question #12
Some flowers show codominance. If WW = white and
RR = red, which phenotypic ratio would be expected in
the offspring of two red and white flowers?
A. 1red : 2 red and white: 1 white
B. 0 red : 4 red and white: 0 white
C. 3 red : 0 red and white: 1 white
D. 4 red : 0 red and white: 0 white
Question #12
Some flowers show codominance. If WW = white and
RR = red, which phenotypic ratio would be expected in
the offspring of two red and white flowers?
A. 1red : 2 red and white: 1 white
B. 0 red : 4 red and white: 0 white
C. 3 red : 0 red and white: 1 white
D. 4 red : 0 red and white: 0 white
Question #13
John and Mary have six children, three with A blood
type, two with AB blood type and one with O blood
type. What blood types could John and Mary have?
A. A and O
B. B and O
C. AB and AB
D. AB and O
E. A and B
Question #13
John and Mary have six children, three with A blood
type, two with AB blood type and one with O blood
type. What blood types could John and Mary have?
A. A and O
B. B and O
C. AB and AB
D. AB and O
E. A and B
Question #14
A karyotype of a male would show his 23rd pair as:
A. XO
B. XXX
C. XY
D. XYY
Question #14
A karyotype of a male would show his 23rd pair as:
A. XO
B. XXX
C. XY
D. XYY
Question #15
A paleontologist is studying the remnants of a pelvic
bone in a whale ancestor. What does this structure
likely indicate about the organism?
A. It was not related to the whale.
B. It swam in the ocean.
C. It likely walked on land.
D. That whales can adapt to land.
Question #15
A paleontologist is studying the remnants of a pelvic
bone in a whale ancestor. What does this structure
likely indicate about the organism?
A. It was not related to the whale.
B. It swam in the ocean.
C. It likely walked on land.
D. That whales can adapt to land.
Question #16
Variation within species was important to the
development of Darwin’s theory of evolution. Which
statement does individual variation help explain?
A. Resources become limited over long periods
of time.
B. Populations often increase rapidly and
without warning.
C. Competition is fierce among members of
different species.
D. Some organisms survive and reproduce
better than others.
Question #16
Variation within species was important to the
development of Darwin’s theory of evolution. Which
statement does individual variation help explain?
A. Resources become limited over long periods
of time.
B. Populations often increase rapidly and
without warning.
C. Competition is fierce among members of
different species.
D. Some organisms survive and reproduce
better than others.
Question #17
Which of the following best describes secondary
succession?
A. growth of moss on a previously active
volcano.
B. plants sprouting on areas that did not have
soil or life before.
C. new life developing on the ocean floor
surface.
D. shrubs beginning to appear in an area that
had experienced a forest fire.
Question #17
Which of the following best describes secondary
succession?
A. growth of moss on a previously active
volcano.
B. plants sprouting on areas that did not have
soil or life before.
C. new life developing on the ocean floor
surface.
D. shrubs beginning to appear in an area that
had experienced a forest fire.
Question #18
Which could be considered anatomical evidence of an
evolutionary relationship?
A. similarities in DNA sequences
B. location of fossils in different strata (rock
layers)
C. similarities between bone structures
D. presence of identical proteins
Question #18
Which could be considered anatomical evidence of an
evolutionary relationship?
A. similarities in DNA sequences
B. location of fossils in different strata (rock
layers)
C. similarities between bone structures
D. presence of identical proteins
Question #19
Which is the best evidence of an evolutionary
relationship between two organisms?
A. similarity in behavior
B. similarity in DNA
C. similarity in habitat
D. similarity in niche
Question #19
Which is the best evidence of an evolutionary
relationship between two organisms?
A. similarity in behavior
B. similarity in DNA
C. similarity in habitat
D. similarity in niche
QUESTION SET 3
Question #1
An organism is prokaryotic, unicellular and can survive
in harsh environments. Which of the following is the
most likely kingdom to which it belongs?
A. Animal
B. Fungi
C. Archaebacteria
D. Plant
Question #1
An organism is prokaryotic, unicellular and can survive
in harsh environments. Which of the following is the
most likely kingdom to which it belongs?
A. Animal
B. Fungi
C. Archaebacteria
D. Plant
Question #2
A remora fish attached to the belly of a shark (but not
feeding directly from the shark), as seen below,
demonstrates which symbiotic relationship?
A. commensalism
B. mutualism
C. parasitism
D. predation
Question #2
A remora fish attached to the belly of a shark (but not
feeding directly from the shark), as seen below,
demonstrates which symbiotic relationship?
A. commensalism
B. mutualism
C. parasitism
D. predation
Question #3
An experiment is done to test the effects of rising pH
on an aquatic ecosystem. The experimenter uses two
identical tanks with the same amount and temperature
of the water. She only changes the pH by adding acid
to one of the tanks. Using the same tanks, water and
temperature are examples of:
A. independent variables
B. dependent variables
C. limiting factors
D. controls
Question #3
An experiment is done to test the effects of rising pH
on an aquatic ecosystem. The experimenter uses two
identical tanks with the same amount and temperature
of the water. She only changes the pH by adding acid
to one of the tanks. Using the same tanks, water and
temperature are examples of:
A. independent variables
B. dependent variables
C. limiting factors
D. controls
Question #4
Which of the following is a natural adaptation acquired
by many different species in an attempt to increase
their fitness?
A. camouflage
B. a reduced reproduction rate
C. isolation
D. all of the above
Question #4
Which of the following is a natural adaptation acquired
by many different species in an attempt to increase
their fitness?
A. camouflage
B. a reduced reproduction rate
C. isolation
D. all of the above
Question #5
Which situation would result in the greatest decrease
in the human population?
A. decreased birth rate and increased death
rate
B. increased infant mortality and decreased
death rate
C. decreased death rate and increased birth
rate
D. increased birth rate and increased infant
mortality
Question #5
Which situation would result in the greatest decrease
in the human population?
A. decreased birth rate and increased death
rate
B. increased infant mortality and decreased
death rate
C. decreased death rate and increased birth
rate
D. increased birth rate and increased infant
mortality
Question #6
In an ocean ecosystem, which is a biotic factor?
A. the ocean water
B. sediments throughout the ocean
C. the flow of current
D. the coral seen on the ocean floor
Question #6
In an ocean ecosystem, which is a biotic factor?
A. the ocean water
B. sediments throughout the ocean
C. the flow of current
D. the coral seen on the ocean floor
Question #7
In the carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is
converted into organic material by which process?
A. cellular respiration
B. decomposition
C. photosynthesis
D. transpiration
Question #7
In the carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is
converted into organic material by which process?
A. cellular respiration
B. decomposition
C. photosynthesis
D. transpiration