Transcript ch05_ActivePRS_3e

Ch 5
Evolution, Biodiversity,
and Population Ecology
Part 1: Foundations of
Environmental Science
PowerPoint® Slides prepared by
Jay Withgott and Heidi Marcum
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
QUESTION: Review
Which of the following is NOT a part of the process of
natural selection?
a) Organisms struggle to survive
b) Organisms limit the number of young they produce
c) Individuals vary in their genetic characteristics
d) Some individuals are better suited to their
environment than others
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
QUESTION: Review
Disruptive selection would result in which of the following?
a) Dogs with black coats evolving whiter coats in
colder areas
b) Red and white flowers interbreeding, producing pink
flowers
c) Fish evolving bigger eyes as the water gets muddier
d) A population of birds, some with thicker beaks that
eat seeds and others with thinner beaks that eat
insects
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
QUESTION: Review
Biological diversity includes all of the following, except:
a) Species diversity
b) Genetic diversity
c) Population diversity
d) Community diversity
e) All of these are included in the concept of
biodiversity
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
QUESTION: Review
Sympatric speciation would occur in ....
a) One population that mates in May, and another that
mates in June
b) Two populations separated by the Mississippi
River
c) Two populations separated by a glacier
d) Two populations separated by the Rocky
Mountains
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
QUESTION: Review
Which of these species is least vulnerable to extinction?
a) A species with a population size of 50 individuals
b) A species distributed throughout the United States
c) A species that eats only river snails
d) A species that lives on mountaintops
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
QUESTION: Review
An ecosystem is defined as:
a) The total living things on Earth
b) Members of the same population that can interbreed
c) Interacting species in an area
d) Species and the nonliving material they interact
with
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
QUESTION: Viewpoints
Should we care whether a species goes extinct?
a) Yes, because all life is important and valuable
b) Yes, because we are causing this wave of
extinction, so we should fix it
c) We should not, because it’s natural
d) I don’t care; it really does not affect me
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
QUESTION: Viewpoints
Do you think humans are subject to limiting factors and,
ultimately, a fixed carrying capacity?
a) Yes, although we have raised the carrying capacity,
there are limits to the number of humans the Earth
can support
b) Yes, but technology will keep raising the carrying
capacity, so it’s not much of a problem
c) No, humans are no longer constrained by
environmental limits, due to our technology and
ability to manipulate the environment
d) I don’t care; it really does not affect me
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data
Which of the following graphs shows a population that will have
fewer individuals in the future?
(a)
(b)
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(c)
(d)
QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data
Which type of distribution is a
result of individuals guarding
their territory?
a) Random
b) Uniform
c) Clumped
d) None of these
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data
What does this graph show?
a) The effects of carrying
capacity on population
growth
b) A population that
keeps growing
c) The effects of
exponential growth
d) The effects of
increasing carrying
capacity
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings