Transcript 10/31 - Fairfield Faculty

Mon.
Tues.
Wed.
Thurs.
Fri.
Week of
Oct. 27
Week of
Nov. 3
Exam 2
no OH
no OH
Forest ecology lab – dress for weather
Week of
Nov. 10
Independent project analysis
Week of
Nov. 17
T lab switch?
River ecology lab – dress for weather
Lab
Exam
1
For exam:
- Chaps. 6,7,8,13
- Chap. 14 – only equations and concepts we
talked about in class
- Chapter 15 – only through p. 302.
Lab open for counting Lemna every day 10 - 4
2
Structure of course
Environmental variability
Organisms
Ecosystems
Populations
Species interactions
Communities
Applied Ecological Issues
3
Species interactions
Introduction
Consumer/resources interactions
(predation, herbivory, parasitism)
Competition
Mutualism
4
Change in pop. size of one species has
an effect on growth rate of other
species
5
Species interactions
Introduction
Consumer/resources interactions
(predation, herbivory, parasitism)
Competition
Mutualism
6
Consumer/resource interactions
-
Consumer
Resource
+
Arrows represent effect on growth rate
7
Consumer
Resource
Predator
Prey
Parasite
Host
Herbivore
Plant/algae
Detritivore
Dead organic
matter
8
Consumer form and function tied to
their diet
Examples??
9
Consumer/resource interactions
1. Predation
2. Herbivory
3. Parasitism
4. Dynamics of C/R interactions
10
Given that predators have adaptations
that allow them to capture prey,
why don’t predators drive
their prey extinct?
11
12
100%
6,000
Cicada mortality
due to predation
Live cicadas per 1,000 m2
Periodical cicadas
3,000
0%
0
May 15
May 30 June 15 June 30
Decline due to thunderstorm
13
The predator’s
predator
-
Predator
Prey
+
14
Consumer/resource interactions
1. Predation
2. Herbivory
3. Parasitism
4. Dynamics of C/R interactions
15
Given that herbivores have adaptations
that allow them to exploit resource,
Why don’t herbivores drive
plants extinct?
Or
Why is the world green?
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17
Spatial refuge
Figure 17.1
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Index of cone production
Production of population
not individuals
Cost
19
Consumer/resource interactions
1. Predation
2. Herbivory
3. Parasitism
4. Dynamics of C/R interactions
20
How is a parasite different from a predator?
21
Parasites are incredibly diverse
Examples?
22
Parasites on wood mice
On skin – 1 sp. tick. On fur – 12 sp. of mites,
1 sp. tick, 11 sp. fleas, 1 sp. lice. In stomach
– 1 sp. roundworm. In small intestine – 3 sp.
roundworms, 3 sp. flatworms, 2 sp.
flagellates, 1 sp. ciliate, 1 sp. amoeba. In liver
– 1 sp. tapeworm. etc.
47 species not counting bacteria and viruses
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Challenges for a parasite
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Figure 17.14
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pillbug = intermediate host
tapeworm in a crow
tapeworm changes
pillbug behavior
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Challenges for a parasite
2. overcoming host defenses
28
Consumer/resource interactions
1. Predation
2. Herbivory
3. Parasitism
4. Dynamics of C/R interactions
29
Dynamics of consumer/resource interactions
Consumers can reduce resource populations
Examples of cycles
Models of consumer/resource interactions
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Figure 17.18
Effect on growth rate
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Figure 18.3
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