Transcript Digestive System

Digestive System
• The digestive system
includes the mouth,
pharynx, esophagus,
stomach, small intestine,
and large intestine.
• It’s function is to
convert food into usable
substances for the body
cells
Mouth
• Teeth are use for cutting,tearing,and
crushing food into small fragments.
• Saliva helps you make it easier to chew
your food.
• Amylase helps break the chemical bonds of
starches and releases sugar. breakdown of
carbohydrates into smaller molecules. This
process is called chemical digestion.
• Lysozyme helps fight infection by digesting
the cell wall of many bacteria which may
enter in your mouth with food.
Esophagus
• In the process of swallowing the tongue and throat
muscles push the chewed clump of food called bolus.
• The bolus passes through the esophagus or food tube
into the stomach.
• Peristalsis helps squeeze the food through the
esophagus into the stomach.
• Cardiac sphincter, a thick ring of muscle that’s closes
the esophagus after food has passed into the stomach.
• Heartburn can be caused of a stomach acid,overeating
or drinking to many caffeinated drinks.
Stomach
• Food from the esophagus empties into a large
muscle called the stomach.
• Chemical Digestion the lining of the stomach
contains millions of microscopic gastric glands.
• The acid activates pepsin, an enzyme that begins
the digestion of proteins.
• In digestion, the muscles of the stomach mix the
gastric fluids and food. This mixture is called
chyme.
Small Intestine
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Small intestine Most of all the chemical digestion and
absorption of food occurs in the small intestine.
Pancreas gland that serves two important functions for
digestion.
1. Enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins,
and lipids.
2. Pancreas also produce sodium bicarbonate, a base
that neutralizes stomach acid.
Liver makes a fluid called Bile that helps digest lipids.
Gall Bladder- Stores Bile
Villi –the surface of the small intestine is covered with
fingerlike projection which absorb digested food.
Large Intestine
• Large intestine is also
called the colon.
• Large intestine
removes water from
the undigested
material.
• Bacteria helps remove
vitamins from
undigested food.
Rectum and Anus
• Rectum stores waste material until the body
is ready to remove it.
• Anus the exit of the digestion system.