Transcript Slide 1
A Great Lakes Primer Great Lakes Basin Great Lakes Profile Morphometry and Development Lake Depth (m) Surface Area (km2) Volume (km3) Retention Time (yr) Population (millions) Basin Area Lake Area Ratio Superior 147 82,100 12,100 191 0.6 1.56 Michigan 85 57,800 4,920 99 10.1 2.04 Huron 59 59,600 3,540 22 2.7 2.25 Erie 19 25,700 484 2.6 11.7 3.04 Ontario 86 18,960 1,640 6 8.2 3.38 Phosphorus and Eutrophication Trophic State Index TSI f ( P, Chl , PP, SD) Trophic State Index TSI f ( P, Chl , PP, SD) Trophic State Index TSI f ( P, Chl , PP, SD) Trophic State Index TSI f ( P, Chl , PP, SD) Trophic State Index TSI f ( P, Chl , PP, SD) Trophic State Index TSI f ( P, Chl , PP, SD) Toxic Substances Invasive Species 183 non-indigenous species in the Great Lakes (NOAA) Areas of Concern GLWQA Areas of Concern (AOCs): severely degraded sites with impaired beneficial use Remedial Action Plans (RAPs): specify problems and methods of correcting them Lakewide Management Plans (LaMPs): plan to assess, restore, and protect ecosystem health Areas of Concern Waukegan Harbor (IL) PCBs Outboard Marine Corporation Presque Isle Bay (PA) PAHs, heavy metals Rouge River (MI) Urban storm water discharges, CSOs, nonpoint source pollution, and municipal and industrial discharges From the Literature – Lake Superior Toxaphene was a popular replacement for DDT until being banned in 1982. Here, atmospheric sampling and back-trajectory analysis are applied to quantify rates of deposition and sources for Lake Superior. From the Literature – Lake Michigan Beach closing due to fecal contamination are closely associated with public perception of water quality From the Literature – Lake Huron Numbers on x-axis refer to depth zones: 1 = shallow, 2 = intermediate, 3 = deep From the Literature – Lake Erie Black area is region of anoxia. Number at bottom is depletion rate. From the Literature – Lake Ontario Mirex is an organic chemical used as a fire retardant and insecticide (fire ants). It has a long half-life. It was found to be present in fish in northern Lake Ontario, but no source was identified. A Great Lakes Primer