Transcript Slide 1

United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
African Centre for
Statistics
Session 2.1 Environment Initiative of NEPAD
Workshop on Environment Statistics and Accounts
7 – 11 March 2011
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Outline of Presentation
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I. Introduction
II. Priority sectors of NEPAD
III. Environment Initiative of NEPAD
IV. Challenges that affect the environment
V. Organization of the Environment Initiative
VI. Environmental conventions
VII. Environment Indicators of NEPAD / AEO-2
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I. Introduction
• The objective of NEPAD is to arrest the current high level of
poverty in the continent and put Africa back firmly on the world’s
development agenda and on the path to irreversible and sustainable
development.
• NEPAD has been conceived by African Heads of State as a
development framework with emphasis on partnership. It is based
on the realization that Africa has offered and continues to offer
much to the world and humanity, and the rest of the world owes it
a duty to respond to its present situation.
• NEPAD is about uniting the continent as an economic and trading
bloc and increasing its competitiveness, and it is about changing
the current global market and financial structure.
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II. Priority sectors of NEPAD
• NEPAD has identified eight priority sectors:
– Infrastructure (ICTs, Energy, Transport, Water and Sanitation)
– Human Resource Development
– Agriculture
– Culture
– Science and Technology
– Mobilizing Resources
– Market Access
– The Environment
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III. Environment Initiative of NEPAD
• The Environment Initiative is one of the core priority initiatives of
NEPAD
• The objective of the environment initiative – a coherent action
plan and strategies – is to address the region’s environmental
challenges while at the same time combating poverty and
promoting socio-economic development
• The environment initiative was prepared under the leadership of
AMCEN, in cooperation with the NEPAD secretariat, the African
Union, and with support from UNEP and GEF.
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III. Environment Initiative of NEPAD (cont’d)
• During the initiative preparation eight thematic workshops were
organized. The workshops were on:
o Desertification; Invasive species; Poverty and environment;
Forests; Wetlands; Health and environment; Marine and coastal
environment and freshwater resources; and Climate change.
• The Environment initiative was endorsed by AMCEN and adopted
by the African Union meeting.
• The environment initiative will be implemented in harmony with
the other components of NEPAD.
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III. Environment Initiative of NEPAD (cont’d)
• The initiative builds upon the problems of pollution, forests and
plant genetic resources, fresh water, capacity building and
technology transfer.
• The NEPAD environment initiative which is organized in clusters
of programmatic and project activities is planned to be
implemented over a period of ten years.
• It is developed through wide consultative process
• The private sector has role to play
• Consultative meeting was held with civil society groups
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III. Environment Initiative of NEPAD (cont’d)
The preparation process took into consideration:
• The relation between environment and culture & traditional
knowledge
• The development of the human and institutional capacity of
countries
• Requirement of adequate financial resources to be mobilized by
countries
• Additional international financial resources that will be required
• Peace and security
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IV. Challenges that affect the environment
Some of the challenges of Africa that affect the environment are
indicated to be:
– Rapid population growth
– Rising levels of poverty
– Inappropriate development practices
– Impacts of drought and other natural disasters
– Diseases
– Ineffective development policies
– Unfavourable terms of trade
– Debt burden
– Unsustainable exploitation of natural resources
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V. Structure of the Environment Initiative
The Environment initiative is organized under six programmatic areas (PA) and three crosscutting issues, namely:
– PA1 - Combating Land Degradation, Drought and Desertification
– PA2 - Conserving Africa’s Wetlands
– PA3 - Prevention, Control and Management of Invasive Alien Species
– PA4 - Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine, Coastal and Freshwater
Resources
– PA5 – Combating Climate Change in Africa
– PA6 – Trans-boundary Conservation or Management of Natural Resources
– Cross-cutting issues
» Health and environment
» Transfer of environmentally sound technologies
» Assessment of early warning on natural disasters
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VI. Environmental conventions
Regional
– London Convention for the Protection of Wild Animals, Birds and Fish in Africa
(1900)
– African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (1968)
– Protocol on Protected Areas and Wild Flora and Fauna in Easter Africa Region
(1985)
– Convention for Cooperation in the Protection and Development of the Marine and
Coastal Environment of West and Central African Region
– Convention on Establishing a Permanent inter-state drought control committee for
the Sahel
– Bamako convention on the ban of the import into Africa and the control of transboundary movement and management of hazardous wastes within Africa
– Lusaka agreement on cooperative enforcement operations directed at illegal trade in
wild fauna and flora
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VI. Environmental conventions (cont’d)
• International environmental conventions and programmes that most
African countries ratified
– Convention on the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes
and their disposal (Basel Convention)
– Stockholm convention on persistent organic pollutants
– Convention on the prior informed consent procedure for certain hazardous
chemicals and pesticides in international trade (Rotterdam Convention)
– Ramsar convention on Wetlands of International Importance, especially as
Waterfowl Habitat
– Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora
and Fauna (CITES))
– Convention on the conservation of migratory species of wild animals
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VI. Environmental conventions (cont’d)
– Convention concerning the protection of the world cultural and
natural heritage
– The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
– The Convention on Biological Diversity
– The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change
• The main achievement of the conventions is the formulation of
sub-regional and national actions on environment issues.
• The conventions’ implementation was hampered by inadequate
financial and human resources and institution capacities
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VII. Environment Indicators of NEPAD / AEO-2
The indicators are under Themes-Issues-Indicator-Data Matrix (May, 2005)
There are 13 thematic areas, namely
• 1. Socio-economic issues
• 2. Air (Atmosphere)
• 3. Land
• 4. Forests and woodlands
• 5. Freshwater
• 6. Conservation, sustainable use, coastal and freshwater resources
• 7. Wetlands
• 8. Coastal and marine
• 9. Biodiversity
• 10. Human settlements
• 11. Human health and environment
• 12. Energy
• 13. Natural disasters and environmental performance
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VII. Environment Indicators of NEPAD / AEO-2
(cont’d)
46 priority issues were identified
• Air quality
• Assessment of main factors of significant impacts on the present wetlands
• Biodiversity
• Burden of ill health
• Causes of natural disasters
• Climate change
• Climate variability
• Coastal and marine pollution
• Coastal erosion / sedimentation
• Energy consumption
• Energy production
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VII. Environment Indicators of NEPAD / AEO-2
(cont’d)
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Established protected areas
Forest change (loss / degradation)
Forest resources management
Human development
Impact of invasion on ecosystem
Land quality (degradation)
Land tenure / ownership
Land use (appropriate and sustainable farming systems)
Land use (settlements)
Loss of habitat
Loss of species
Marine biodiversity
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VII. Environment Indicators of NEPAD / AEO-2
(cont’d)
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Mortality
Over fishing
Pesticide use and management
Population with access to freshwater resources
Prediction
Preventing and controlling invasive alien species
Protected areas
Rangeland carrying capacity
River damming
Sanitation
Strategies to conserve wetlands
Threats and impacts of alien invasive species
Urbanization
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VII. Environment Indicators of NEPAD / AEO-2
(cont’d)
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Urbanization of coastal zones
Waste management
Water accessibility
Water availability
Water borne diseases
Water management issues
Water quality
Water quantity
Water usage
Wetlands degradation
Indicators: 154 indicators were selected to be compiled by countries
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United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
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Thank you