Transcript DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DIGESTION
• THE BREAK
DOWN OF
FOOD INTO
NUTRIENTS.
ENZYMES
• CONTROL CHEMICAL
REACTIONS IN THE BODY
MOUTH
• CONTAINS SALIVARY
GLANDS
• SALIVA CONTAINS
PTYALIN WHICH BREAKS
DOWN STARCHES TO
SUGARS
TEETH
• INCISORS-CUT
FOOD
• CANINESSHRED FOOD
• MOLARSGRIND FOODS
TASTE BUDS
• SWEET-TIP OF
TONGUE
• SOUR- SIDES
OF TONGUE
• SALTY-SIDES
OF TONGUE
• BITTER-BASE
OF TONGUE
ESOPHAGUS
• CONNECTS MOUTH TO
STOMACH
• ABOUT 10 INCHES IN
LENGTH
• LINED WITH SLIPPERY
MUCUS
PERISTALSIS
• WAVES OF MUSCLE
CONTRACTIONS IN THE
ESOPHAGUS
STOMACH
• 12” LENGTH
• CELLS IN
THE
STOMACH
WALL
RELEASE
GASTRIC
JUICES
GASTRIC JUICES
• CONTAIN THE ENZYME
PEPSIN
• HYDROCHLORIC ACID
• THICK SLIPPERY MUCUS
IN THE STOMACH
• MECHANICAL AND
CHEMICAL DIGESTION
• ENZYMES=CHEMICAL
• MUSCLES CHURN FOOD=
MECHANICAL
IN THE STOMACH
• FOOD
DIGESTED 3-6
HOURS
• FOOD LEAVES
AS A SOFT
WATERY
SUBSTANCE
SMALL INTESTINE
• WHERE
MOST OF
THE
DIGESTION
TAKES
PLACE
• 16.5-32.8’
(18’)
SMALL INTESTINE
• CELL LINING THE WALLS
RELEASE CHEMICAL
ENZYMES
LIVER
• THE LARGEST
AND
HEAVIEST
ORGAN
• PRODUCES
BILE WHICH
HELPS IN
DIGESTION
CONTINUED
• IT SENDS BILE TO THE
GALL BLADDER
BILE
• BREAKS UP FAT INTO
SMALLER PARTICLES
PANCREAS
• CREATES PANCREATIC
JUICE
• THESE ENZYMES BREAK
DOWN PROTEINS,
STARCHES, AND FATS
ABSORPTION OF FOOD
• PROTEIN-TO AMINO ACIDS
• CARBOHYDRATES(STARC
HES AND SUGARS)-TO
SIMPLE SUGARS
• FATS-TO FATTY ACIDS
AND GLYCEROL
ABSORPTION
• NUTRIENTS ARE
ABSORBED THROUGH THE
WALLS OF THE SMALL
INTESTINE INTO THE
BLOODSTREAM
LARGE INTESTINE
• ABOUT 5’ IN LENGTH
• FOOD STAYS IN LARGE
INTESTINE 18-24 HOURS
• WATER IS ABSORBED
• VITAMIN K AND B
ABSORBED
SOLID WASTE
• MATERIALS NOT
ABSORBED BY THE
INTESTINES
• (DEAD BACTERIA, SOME
FAT AND PROTEIN,
UNDIGESTED FOOD
CONTINUED
• ROUGHAGE, DRIED OUT
DIGESTIVE JUICES,
MUCUS, DISCARDED
INTESTINAL CELLS)
THE END OF THE LINE
• RECTUM- A SHORT TUBE
AT THE END OF THE
LARGE INTESTINES
• ANUS- OPENING AT THE
END OF THE RECTUM
THE END
• QUESTIONS
?