Transcript Slide 1

Group 4: WEFCOM & KKFCOM
Location: Roberto
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1. Dr. Sompad Srikosamatara
2. Dr. Chution Savini
3. Ms. Kumiko Nakazono
4. Dr. Robert Steinmetz
5. Mr. Udom Likhitwonnawut
6. Mr. Vichien Kerdsuk
7. Mr.Yongyut Trisurat
8. Ms. Somying Soontornwong
9. Mr. Tanachai Erawan
10. Ms. Kantinan Peawsa
11. Dr. Rungnapar Pattanavibool
Facilitators:
• 1. Dr. William Schaedla
• 2. Mr. Cayetano Casado
• 3. Mr. Ratthapon
Pitakthepsombat
Western Forest Complex-BCIKaeng Krachan Complex
Session 1A: Biodiversity values:
Habitats
• Largest intact mixed deciduous dipterocarp
forest (2)
• Cross-roads for 4 biogeographic zones (1)
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Malayan/Sundaic
Himalayan
Indo-Burmese
Indo-Chinese
• Karst Habitat (caves, local springs) (3)
• Peat swamp
S 1A- Biod Values: Species
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For WEFCOM – BCI and KKFC
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For WEFCOM
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Tiger (1)
Elephant
Wild Water Buffalo
Bantaeng Gaur
Tapir
Rufousneck Hornbill
Many new plant species discovered
Soft Shell turtles
More than 490 bird species
Cave Endemism (Fish, bats, arthropods)
Sympatric species (Intact Mammal assemblage) (2)
For KKFC
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More than 600 bird species
Siamese Crocodile (3)
Sympatric species (Intact Mammal assemblage) (2)
S 1A- Biod values – Ecosystem services
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Intact watersheds (a fifth of thai watersheds) (WEFCOM and KKFC) (1)
– Irrigation
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Bats (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
– Pest control
– Pollination
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Economic/Recreational/Tourism (3)
– Local (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
– International (WEFCOME-KKFC)
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Cultural/Religion (BCI)
Livelihood/Agroforestry/NTFP (BCI)
Cultural diversity/Preservation of endangered cultures (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
Carbon Sequestration (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC) (2)
Pollination (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
Seed dispersal (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
Genetic bank (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
Session 1B- Non-climate changes
• Economic corridor
• Increased roads and other infrastructure
• Affects specially WEFCOM
• Uncertain support post-ADB
• Lack of conservation awareness influences policy
• Especially local level
• Road Infrastructure
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North south (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
East West (BCI – WEFCOM)
Still in planning stage
If come true many impacts associated to them (land conversion
etc)
Session 1B- Non-climate changes
• Hydropower plans (existing and panned)
• Gas pipes (existing and planned)
• Land conversion associated to agriculture
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Biofuel (oil palm, sugar, corn)
Cash Crops (corn, sugar cane, pineapple)
Commercial plantations (rubber, teak)
Subsistence not so problematic
Affects all 3 areas but specially BCI
• Land conversion associated to mining
• Illegal and Legal
Session 1B- Non-climate changes
• Land conversion associated to recreational
development and tourism sprawl
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Resorts (BCI)
Golf courses (BCI)
River related (rafts) (WEFCOM – KKFC)
4-wheeling (WEFCOM – KKFC)
• Migration
• Burmese migrants pass through the area
• Domestic migrants move to the area
• Forced Settlement
• Refugee camps
Session 1B- Non-climate changes
• Carrying Capacity
• Uncontrolled increase in the number of visitors
– Management capacity
– Management policies
– Waster management
• Lack of parity between park management and poachers
– Poachers have more resources
• Limited resources at park disposal
• Lack of integrated planning and practice (3 areas)
• Water over-extraction and pollution
• Agriculture
Session 1B- Non-climate changes
• Transboundary Issues
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Commercial Poaching
Trafficking (timber and wildlife)
Domestic cattle moves across borders
Elephant smuggling
Elephant trapping
• Fires
• Chemical Effects
• Insects
• Plants
• Vertebrates
• Human wildlife conflict
• Elephant
• Tigers
Session 2 – Bio indicators of climate
change
• Forest complexity
– Relative composition (due to changes in tree cycles)
• Timing of masting/seed
– Dipterocarp/Teak
– These events are essential but not easy to follow as they are 1-off events
• Farmer change practices and dates (*)
– Local people unable to synch their agricultural practices (i.e. field preparation
– Already happened to Karen
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Human-wildlife conflict frequency
Human migration
Increase in number of pest and disease outbreaks
Desertification
Session 2 – Bio indicators of climate
change
• Water limitation
– Large animals that require watering holes unable to live there (*)
• Elephants
• Other species that need water
– Insects (Cicaida) – careful as their presence may vary due to other factors
• Fruit eating birds – change foraging sites
• Bees
– Placements of the hives (in western Thailand, some trees host most of the
hives) (*)
– As orchids and briophites (very sensitive to water) change position bees
will too.
• Extent of fire penetration and recurrence
• Pandan distribution
Session 1A: Biodiversity values:
Habitats
• Largest intact mixed deciduous dipterocarp
forest (2)
• Cross-roads for 4 biogeographic zones (1)
•
•
•
•
Malayan/Sundaic
Himalayan
Indo-Burmese
Indo-Chinese
• Karst Habitat (caves, local springs) (3)
• Peat swamp
S 1A- Biod Values: Species
•
For WEFCOM – BCI and KKFC
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
•
For WEFCOM
–
–
–
•
Tiger (1)
Elephant
Wild Water Buffalo
Bantaeng Gaur
Tapir
Rufousneck Hornbill
Many new plant species discovered
Soft Shell turtles
More than 490 bird species
Cave Endemism (Fish, bats, arthropods)
Sympatric species (Intact Mammal assemblage) (2)
For KKFC
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–
–
More than 600 bird species
Siamese Crocodile (3)
Sympatric species (Intact Mammal assemblage) (2)
S 1A- Biod values – Ecosystem services
•
Intact watersheds (a fifth of thai watersheds) (WEFCOM and KKFC) (1)
– Irrigation
•
Bats (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
– Pest control
– Pollination
•
Economic/Recreational/Tourism (3)
– Local (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
– International (WEFCOME-KKFC)
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•
•
•
•
•
•
Cultural/Religion (BCI)
Livelihood/Agroforestry/NTFP (BCI)
Cultural diversity/Preservation of endangered cultures (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
Carbon Sequestration (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC) (2)
Pollination (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
Seed dispersal (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
Genetic bank (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
Session 1B- Non-climate changes
• Economic corridor
• Increased roads and other infrastructure
• Affects specially WEFCOM
• Uncertain support post-ADB
• Lack of conservation awareness influences policy
• Especially local level
• Road Infrastructure
•
•
•
•
North south (WEFCOM-BCI-KKFC)
East West (BCI – WEFCOM)
Still in planning stage
If come true many impacts associated to them (land conversion
etc)
Session 1B- Non-climate changes
• Hydropower plans (existing and panned)
• Gas pipes (existing and planned)
• Land conversion associated to agriculture
•
•
•
•
•
Biofuel (oil palm, sugar, corn)
Cash Crops (corn, sugar cane, pineapple)
Commercial plantations (rubber, teak)
Subsistence not so problematic
Affects all 3 areas but specially BCI
• Land conversion associated to mining
• Illegal and Legal
Session 1B- Non-climate changes
• Land conversion associated to recreational
development and tourism sprawl
•
•
•
•
Resorts (BCI)
Golf courses (BCI)
River related (rafts) (WEFCOM – KKFC)
4-wheeling (WEFCOM – KKFC)
• Migration
• Burmese migrants pass through the area
• Domestic migrants move to the area
• Forced Settlement
• Refugee camps
Session 1B- Non-climate changes
• Carrying Capacity
• Uncontrolled increase in the number of visitors
– Management capacity
– Management policies
– Waster management
• Lack of parity between park management and poachers
– Poachers have more resources
• Limited resources at park disposal
• Lack of integrated planning and practice (3 areas)
• Water over-extraction and pollution
• Agriculture
Session 1B- Non-climate changes
• Transboundary Issues
•
•
•
•
•
Commercial Poaching
Trafficking (timber and wildlife)
Domestic cattle moves across borders
Elephant smuggling
Elephant trapping
• Fires
• Chemical Effects
• Insects
• Plants
• Vertebrates
• Human wildlife conflict
• Elephant
• Tigers
Session 2 – Bio indicators of climate
change
• Forest complexity
– Relative composition (due to changes in tree cycles)
• Timing of masting/seed
– Dipterocarp/Teak
– These events are essential but not easy to follow as they are 1-off events
• Farmer change practices and dates (*)
– Local people unable to synch their agricultural practices (i.e. field preparation
– Already happened to Karen
•
•
•
•
Human-wildlife conflict frequency
Human migration
Increase in number of pest and disease outbreaks
Desertification
Session 2 – Bio indicators of climate
change
• Water limitation
– Large animals that require watering holes unable to live there (*)
• Elephants
• Other species that need water
– Insects (Cicaida) – careful as their presence may vary due to other factors
• Fruit eating birds – change foraging sites
• Bees
– Placements of the hives (in western Thailand, some trees host most of the
hives) (*)
– As orchids and briophites (very sensitive to water) change position bees
will too.
• Extent of fire penetration and recurrence
• Pandan distribution
Adaptation Options
• Compile existing local information
• Identify adaptation best practices
• Local people collect info
– Simple method
– Collection incorporated into routine activities
• Feed information into national database for analysis
• After analysis feedback to the local people
• Find mechanisms for exchanging information
• Practical (Further than talking)
• Develop/Implement models for climate change
• Identify communities and areas likely to be more affected
• Identify key animal and plant species for climate change
monitoring
Adaptation Options
• Identify existing development plans
• Link data into national planning
• Identify successful models under implementation
• Assemble strong national committee
• Identify champions
• Needs to link down to the ground
– Subcommittees / working groups
• Planning needs to link regional, national and local
dimensions
• Multi-stakeholder representation needed
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Local people (including ethnic minorities)
Local administration bodies
Conservation authorities
Military
Needed Knowledge holders (not
present here)
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CSTAR
BRT (Biodiversity Reaearch Training)
IKAP (Indigenous Knowledge…)
IMPECT (Intermountain people education culture thai)
ONEP (Office of Natural resources and environmental planning)
CJF (Climate justice forum, Thailand)
Sueb Foudnation
Terra
Community Forest Assembly
KMUTT
OXFAM
CODI (Community organization development institute)
TEI (Thailand environment institute
Western Forest conservation group
Mahidol Univ – Kanchanaburi
Local Schools
Kanchanaburi conservation group