Transcript In the very distant past, most people

In the very distant past, most
people
1. lived in small
groups.
2. lived in permanent
settlements.
3. did not gather
plants.
4. did not hunt animals.
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Imported plants in Hawaii have
1. crowded out many
native species.
2. reduced the native
bird species.
3. introduced diseases.
4. depleted natural
resources.
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The Americans, Europeans, and Asians who
settled in the islands of Hawaii changed the
islands by
1.
clearing vast areas for
the growth of sugar
cane.
using large amounts of
water.
introducing nonnative
crop plants.
all of the above
2.
3.
4.
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Early hunters and gatherers in North
America may have been responsible for
1.
natural plant and animal
populations.
a major extinction event
of large animals.
producing new varieties
of crops.
inventing technology
such as manufactured
tools.
2.
3.
4.
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Which has become the most important
source of environmental change on Earth?
1.
2.
3.
4.
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climate
energy
human activity
conservation
biology
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An environmental problem that resulted
from the green revolution was
1.
2.
3.
4.
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overpopulation.
failed crops.
starvation.
depleted water
supplies.
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Land is a resource that provides
1. space for cities
and suburbs.
2. raw materials for
industry.
3. soil for growing
crops.
4. all of the above
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An old-growth forest is
1. a renewable
resource.
2. a nonrenewable
resource.
3. a microclimate.
4. poor in
biodiversity.
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A resource, such as air or parts of the
oceans, that is open to anyone is often
preserved and protected by
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international
organizations.
everyone.
the country in
which it is located.
no one.
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2.
3.
4.
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Why are fossil fuels
nonrenewable?
1.
They require hundreds of millions of years
to form.
Their ecosystems change forever when
they are burned.
They are converted to carbon dioxide
when they are burned.
They exist in a very small supply.
2.
3.
4.
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Using renewable resources while ensuring
that they are not depleted is a practice
called
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1. sustainable
development.
2. monoculture.
3. biological
magnification.
4. subsistence
hunting.
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An example of a sustainable-development
practice is the use of beneficial insects like
ladybugs to
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1. harm natural
resources.
2. pollinate plants.
3. control unwanted
pests.
4. eat unwanted
plants.
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What concept should be practiced to live
interdependently with nature’s systems?
1. aquaculture
2. recycling
3. subsistence
hunting
4. sustainable
development
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The sulfur and nitrogen compounds
in smog combine with water to form
1.
2.
3.
4.
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ozone.
ammonia.
acid rain.
chlorofluorocarbo
ns.
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Of the following events, the last to occur
when toxic chemicals are discarded into a
stream is that the chemicals
1. pose a threat to
human health.
2. enter the food chain.
3. are carried into a
lake.
4. harm aquatic plants
and animals.
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When erosion and other factors cause soil to
lose its ability to hold water and other
nutrients and to support plant life, it is called
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1. desertification.
2. depletion.
3. deforestation.
4. monoculture.
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Which of the following is NOT considered a
sustainable-development strategy for
management of Earth’s resources?
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1. contour plowing
2. desertification
3. aquaculture
4. drip irrigation
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The wearing away of surface soil
by water and wind is known as
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2.
3.
4.
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deforestation.
desertification.
overgrazing.
soil erosion.
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Farmers can reduce soil erosion
by
1. increasing
irrigation.
2. contour plowing.
3. grazing cattle on
the land.
4. plowing up roots.
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Which is a way to limit
deforestation?
1. use more wood
products
2. plant and harvest
trees on tree farms
3. increase carbon
dioxide levels
4. fertilize the soil
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The number of different species
in the biosphere is called
1. biodiversity.
2. ecosystem
diversity.
3. genetic diversity.
4. species diversity.
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Biodiversity is important to
human society because it
1. is a natural
resource.
2. provides food and
goods.
3. provides
medicines.
4. all of the above
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The sum total of the genetically based
variety of living organisms in the biosphere
is called
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1. species diversity.
2. sustainable
development.
3. biodiversity.
4. conservation
biology.
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Biodiversity is valuable in the
biosphere because it
1.
gives us interesting
things to look at.
tells us about many
other species.
is the biological lifesupport system of our
planet.
provides humans with
resistance to disease.
2.
3.
4.
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What is meant by “a library of genetic
information” in reference to biodiversity?
1.
The biodiversity of plants and animals is
interesting to read about.
All living organisms contain genetic
information upon which humans can draw
for future use.
Species provide humans with many useful
products to enhance our lives.
We have much to admire in the many forms
of life that surround us.
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3.
4.
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Human well-being is tied to
biodiversity because
1.
2.
humans love to look at beautiful things.
humans are part of the food webs and
energy cycles that a great variety of
organisms share.
less biodiversity makes humans
vulnerable to extinction.
humans need a wide variety of animal
species for hunting and wildlife products.
3.
4.
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An endangered species is
1. a diseased animal.
2. a dangerous
predator.
3. a group of
organisms in danger
of extinction.
4. all organisms at the
top of a food chain.
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DDT was used to
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2.
3.
4.
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fertilize soil.
kill insects.
form ozone.
feed animals.
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One property that makes DDT hazardous
over the long run is that DDT is
1. an insecticide.
2. a perfect
pesticide.
3. nonbiodegradable
.
4. deadly to
herbivores.
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All of the following are threats to
biodiversity EXCEPT
1. biological
magnification of
toxic compounds.
2. habitat
fragmentation.
3. invasive species.
4. species
preservation.
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One of the greatest threats
today to biological diversity is
1. old-growth
forests.
2. ozone depletion.
3. habitat
destruction.
4. monoculture.
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As DDT moves up the trophic levels in food
chains, or food webs, its concentration
1.
2.
3.
4.
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stays the same.
increases.
decreases.
is eliminated.
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A major factor that negatively
affects biodiversity is
1. biological
magnification.
2. habitat
fragmentation.
3. the green revolution.
4. nonrenewable
energy.
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One of the goals of
conservation biology is to
1. enforce
environmental
laws.
2. protect habitats.
3. manage natural
resources.
4. all of the above
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An ecological “hot spot” is an
area where
1.
habitats and species are
healthy.
hunting is encouraged.
habitats and species are
in the most danger of
extinction.
species diversity is too
high.
2.
3.
4.
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The goals of conservation biology
include all of the following EXCEPT
1. wise management of natural
resources.
2. introducing foreign species
into new environments.
3. preservation of habitats and
wildlife.
4. protection of biodiversity.
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Protecting ecosystem diversity
is a goal of
1. the green revolution.
2. conservation
biology.
3. the captive breeding
program.
4. the United Nations.
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The “hot spot” strategy seeks to protect
species in danger of extinction due to
1. captive breeding
programs.
2. expanding
national parks.
3. human activity.
4. all of the above
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Protecting an entire ecosystem
will ensure that
1.
captive breeding programs will
succeed.
existing parks and reserves will
expand.
governments will set aside land.
natural habitats and the interactions
of many different species will be
preserved.
2.
3.
4.
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Overexposure to UV radiation
can
1. cause cancer.
2. decrease
organisms’
resistance to
disease.
3. damage eyes.
4. all of the above
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An increase in Earth’s average temperature
from the buildup of carbon dioxide and other
gases in the atmosphere is called
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1. the greenhouse
effect.
2. ozone depletion.
3. global warming.
4. particulate
dispersal.
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Some scientists think that global
warming may be
1. a natural variation
in climate.
2. a result of human
activities.
3. melting the polar
ice caps.
4. all of the above
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The major cause of ozone
depletion is
1. nitric acid.
2. sulfuric acid.
3. chlorofluorocarbo
ns.
4. ultraviolet light.
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What would be the most likely effect of
an increase in the use of CFCs?
1.
The ozone layer would
suddenly disappear.
The ozone holes would
get smaller.
The ozone holes would
get larger.
There would be no
effect on ozone in the
atmosphere.
2.
3.
4.
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Carbon dioxide is released into the
atmosphere by all of the following EXCEPT
the
1. burning of fossil
fuels.
2. depletion of the
ozone layer.
3. burning of trees and
forests.
4. burning of gasoline
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The intensive farming practices of the green
revolution led to the use of beneficial
insecticides. _________________________
1. True
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50%
2. False
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By the end of the last ice age, humans
began the practice of agriculture.
_________________________
1. True
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50%
2. False
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Old-growth forests are a renewable
resource. _________________________
1. True
2. False
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According to the principles of conservation biology, a
sustainable system is efficient when it consumes as little
energy and material as possible.
______________________________
1. True
2. False
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Acidic gases are released into the air by
combustion processes such as the burning of
fossil fuels. _________________________
1. True
2. False
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2
Wetlands such as swamps can help purify
water passing through them.
_________________________
1. True
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50%
2. False
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A sustainable-development practice that can pollute water
with fish wastes if not properly managed is catch limits.
_________________________
1. True
2. False
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Most crop plants have wild relatives with
useful traits such as resistance to disease.
_________________________
1. True
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2. False
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One of the values of biological magnification is its
potential as a source for material that is beneficial
to humankind. _________________________
1. True
2. False
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Biodiversity is important to humankind because we
are part of it and dependent on it for our own
survival. _________________________
1. True
2. False
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2
Substances that cannot be broken down into their elements
by metabolic processes are biodegradable.
______________________________
1. True
2. False
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2
An introduced species can drive an invasive
species to extinction.
_________________________
1. True
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2. False
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Conservation goals must be weighed
against economic costs.
_________________________
1. True
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2. False
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The main cause of the thinning of the ozone
layer is global warming.
______________________________
1. True
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50%
2. False
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2
A result of global warming might be a rise in
sea level. _________________________
1. True
2. False
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Participant Scores
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Participant 1
Participant 2
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Participant 4
Participant 5
The _________________________ of animals was an
important event in history for the advancement of
agriculture and contributed to a reliable food supply.
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Because the gases that make up the air can be
replaced by natural processes, air is classified as a
____________________ resource.
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Sustainable development must be based on
principles of ecology as well as
____________________.
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To prevent certain fish populations from
collapsing, certain ____________________
have been temporarily closed.
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____________________ is a hard, bricklike
material formed from tropical soils due to
deforestation.
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Microscopic particles, such as dust and ash,
that can enter the nose, mouth, and lungs
are called ____________________.
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A location that has 170 species of birds has
greater _________________________ than
a location that has 100 species of birds.
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Within each species, genetic diversity refers to the total of
all different forms of _________________________
present in that species.
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Any species that is threatened with
extinction is a(an) ____________________
species.
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Excessive levels of DDT in a small algaeeating fish is an example of
______________________________.
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Top-level carnivores are at greatest risk from
______________________________ because they have
the highest concentration of toxic compounds in their
tissues.
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Zoos have established _________________________
programs, in which young animals are raised in protected
surroundings until the population is stable and are later
returned to the wild.
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Conservation biology integrates information from other
scientific disciplines, such as ____________________,
geography, and natural resource management.
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The ____________________
acts as Earth’s sunscreen.
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Intense UV radiation due to ozone depletion can
damage plant leaves and tiny
_________________________ in the oceans.
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3
4
5
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What is suburban growth?
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3
4
5
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How do modern subsistence hunters
differ from ancient hunter-gatherers?
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3
4
5
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What development in human history led to
humans gathering in settlements, towns,
and cities?
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3
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5
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Give an example of how a renewable
resource can become limited or
nonrenewable.
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3
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What is the “tragedy of the
commons”?
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What are the goals of sustainable
development, and upon what principles are
sustainable practices based?
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3
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Contrast biodiversity with
species diversity.
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Why is biodiversity one of Earth’s
greatest natural resources?
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3
4
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Calculate how much DDT could be found in the tissues of a
fish on the third trophic level if the concentration of DDT in
the water is 10 parts per million.
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How is hunting a threat to
biodiversity?
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3
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What is a biodiversity “hot spot”? Where is
such a hot spot in the United States?
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2
3
4
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Describe how deforestation might
contribute to global warming.
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3
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What is ozone? Why is it
important?
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Describe three services that are
provided by a healthy biosphere.
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Why are scientists trying to model the
possible effects on the atmosphere due to
global warming?
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How is Earth like an island?
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How can we ensure the sustainable development of water
resources? How is water conservation consistent with the
principles of sustainable development?
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2
3
4
5
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Describe the process of desertification.
Include a discussion of fertile topsoil and
how it changes through soil erosion.
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3
4
5
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What causes acid rain? What is the
effect of acid rain on natural habitats?
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2
3
4
5
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Discuss biodiversity as a source
of medicines. Give an example.
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3
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What are introduced species? How
are they a threat to biodiversity?
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3
4
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Describe how habitat fragmentation occurs.
What is a biological “island”? How does it
differ from large ecosystems?
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Discuss one of the challenges to
conservation efforts in developing countries.
Give an example.
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What is the difference between captive breeding programs
and ecosystem preservation in terms of conservation
biology? Describe how conservation groups are working to
protect biodiversity
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Discuss the health effects of damage to the
ozone layer and the steps being taken to
help deal with the problem.
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