Transcript Lesson 1: Diving Into Ocean Ecosystems

Lesson 1: Diving Into Ocean Ecosystems
Top 10 Facts: Ocean – Stop early at
8:55 (or mute)!
World’s Oceans
http://www.purposegames.com/game/123
http://www.purposegames.com/game/the-world-oceans-quiz-quiz
The wide-open ocean holds many mysteries. Physics, chemistry, biology,
and Earth science concepts and ideas help scientists solve them. Fig 1.1
Earth’s biography: Oceans
The ocean is home to a wide variety of marine
ecosystems, some of which you will study in this Lesson.
In every ecosystem, whether land or marine, there is
interaction between biotic and abiotic factors. Fig. 1.5
Marine Ecosystems
World Map Activity – Visit
http://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/oceans.htm
• https://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/globalmarine
Human Impacts on Marine Ecosystem
Case Study 1 – Whale Falls
• While you watch, answer the following ?’s in your journal:
• What do you observe happening?
• About how many diff types of organisms do you see?
• Do you this is the result of a natural event of human activity? Why?
Blue Whales
Largest
living
things of
all time
Whale explosion
February 2002.
Initial visit by
scientists (~6
months after the
whale fall
event);
(B) December 2004.
34 months since
initial scientist visit;
(C) November
2005. 45 months
since initial scientist
visit;
(D) December
2007. 70 months
since initial
scientist visit;
(E) March 2009.
85 months since
initial scientist
visit.
Whale Fall Event
Weird vimeo
• Background specialists
• Species that remove flesh or soft tissue from carcass
• Arrive early and remain present throughout entire decomposition
• Examples
•
•
•
•
•
Deepwater fish
Blob sculpin
Snubnose eelpout
Hagfishes
Sleeper sharks
•
•
•
•
Worms
Shrimps
Crabs
Many scavengers
Hagfish/lamprey
Osedax – marine worm
• The number of background specialists varies, however, they
remain present over the entire decomposition process. The
number of bone specialists is lowest in the initial stages of the
decomposition and increases after 21 months. The presence of
species with unclear connections varies over time.
• By this time all of the flesh was likely removed from the whale
carcass, exposing whale bone. Bone specialists increased in
number because of the availability of bone on which to feed.
• It is possible that organisms categorized as background specialists
include those that feed on bone specialists. Predators of bone
specialists may arrive at this time. These organisms may or may
not be included in the species with unclear connections.
• Student answers will vary but should include the topic of
conducting additional research and consulting with scientists in
the field.
National Geographic
Photograph
A
B
Biotic Factors
Abiotic Factors
Photograph
Biotic Factors
Abiotic Factors
A
Trees in background, shrubs
Water, ample sand, sunlight,
small rocks
B
Grasses, plants in foreground,
trees in background
Water, sunlight, small amount of
exposed sand along shore
Coral Reef
Climate Change
Ghost fishing gear
Pollution
Coastal development
Habitat destruction
Kelp Forest
Habitat destruction
Pollution
Mangrove Forest
Coastal development
Pollution
Habitat destruction
Open Ocean
Overfishing
Pollution/marine debris
Bycatch
Deep Ocean
Pollution
Ghost fishing gear
Rocky Shore
Coastal development
Pollution
Polar Sea
Climate Change
Pollution
Overfishing
Salt Marsh
Coastal development, Pollution, Overfishing
170,000
Papahanaumokuakea
http://vimeo.com/20114730