Transcript Ecology Exam Review

Ecology Exam Review
Which phrase best describes an ecosystem?
1. all the living organisms in a specific
location
2. all the nonliving materials in a specific
location
3. some nonliving materials passing
through living organism in a
specific location
4. living organisms and nonliving
materials interacting in a specific
location
Which is an abiotic factor that functions as a
limiting factor for the autotrophs in the
ecosystem shown?
(1.) grasshopper (2.) fish (3.) light
(4.) hawk
Which group contains only abiotic
factors?
(1.) group A
(3.) group C
(2.) group B
(4.) group D
1. Identify some biotic factors in the diagram.
Deer, trees, frog, duck, plants
2. Identify some biotic factors in the diagram.
Water, oxygen, soil
3. Identify what this diagram represents? Support your
answer.
An ecosystem because it contains biotic and abiotic
factors.
In a natural community, all the living
things that directly or indirectly affect
the environment are known as
(1.) pioneer organisms
(2.) secondary consumers
(3.) climatic limitations
(4.) biotic factors
Which group can best be described as
a population?
(1.) all the honeybees in an orchard
(2.) all the plants and animals in a
forest
(3.) the life in Earth's atmosphere
(4.) the living and nonliving factors in a
meadow
A certain plant requires moisture, O2,
CO2, light, and minerals in order to
survive. This statement shows that a
living organism depends on
(1.) abiotic factors
(2.) biotic factors
(3.) carnivore-herbivore relationships
(4.) symbiotic relationships
Identify what is being described.
1.One species living in the same area. Population
2.The role an organism plays in its habitat. Niche
3.Only eat producers. Herbivores
4.Break down dead organisms.Decomposers
5.Hunt for their food. Predators
Omnivores
6.Organisms that consume both plants and animals.
7.Consists of biotic and abiotic factors.Ecosystem
8.Where an organism lives. Habitat
9.Produce their own food. Producers
10.Many species living in the same area. Community
11.Feed off of organisms that have already been
killed. Scavengers
Which organisms would most likely have a
predator-prey relationship?
(1.) tapeworm and dog
(2.) barnacle and whale
(3.) hawk and mouse
(4.) rabbit and grass
algae→ minnow → lake trout → hawk
1. Which organism has the greatest energy?
Algae
2. Give one effect that an increase in the minnow
population would have on the ecosystem.
Decrease in algae, increase in lake trout
3. Why are the algae an important part of this food web?
They use the sun to produce glucose that is passed
through the food chain.
4. What do the arrows represent?
Direction of energy
1. Which level would contain
producer organisms?
D
2. If birds eat insects that feed on
corn, which level would birds
occupy?
B
3. As one progresses from D to A,
what happens to the amount of
energy?
It decreases because each level
uses some of the energy or it
lost as heat.
1. Which organisms would
contain the greatest amount
of available energy?
Grasses, shrubs
2. Which are the primary
consumers?
Rabbits, deer, seed-eating
birds, rates
3. What organism is not
included in this food web
and is an essential part of
the ecosystem?
Decomposers
1. Identify a carnivore from the food web.
Wolves, worms, fish
2. Describe the complete path of energy from
the Sun to that carnivore.
Grass  deer  wolves
Pond algae  rotifers  worms  fish
3. Why are decomposers are necessary in this
food web?
They recycle nutrients back into the soil.
4. Identify an effect of a decrease in the wolf population.
Decrease in deer
Increase in grass
1. Which organisms contain the greatest amount of
energy?
Algae and floating plants
2. Identify a primary consumer.
Aquatic crustaceans and minnows
3. Identify a secondary consumer.
Racoons, carnivorous fish
1. If the population of mice is
reduced by disease, which
change will most likely occur in
the food web?
Increase in grass and crickets
Decrease in snakes and hawks
2. What is the original source of
energy for this food web?
Sunlight
3. Which organisms are not shown
in this diagram but are essential to
a balanced ecosystem?
Decomposers
4. State one example of a predatorprey relationship found in the food
web. Indicate which is the
predator and which is the prey.
Frog  hawk
Mouse  hawk
Rabbit  hawk
Deer  lion
Rabbit  lion
Identify the material cycle being described.
1.Involves condensation and evaporation. Water cycle
2.Involves photosynthesis and respiration. C and O
cycle
3.Important for the production of proteins.N cycle
4.Involves the release of oxygen from plants and
carbon dioxide from animals. C and O cycle
5.Involves bacteria, plants, animals and
decomposers. N cycle
6.Involves precipitation, transpiration,
photosynthesis and respiration. Water cycle
Energy stored in organic molecules is
passed from producers to
consumers. This statement best
describes an event in
1. the process of photosynthesis.
2. natural selection.
3. a food chain.
4. ecological succession.
Although 3 different bird species all
inhabit the same type of tree in an area,
competition between the birds rarely
occurs. The most likely explanation for
this lack of competition is that these
birds
(1.) are unable to interbreed
(2.) have a limited supply of food
(3.) share food with each other
(4.) have different ecological niches
Which material cycle relies least on
the processes of photosynthesis,
transpiration, evaporation,
respiration, and condensation?
1. oxygen cycle
2. water cycle
3. nitrogen cycle
4. carbon cycle
Which is not recycled by the
processes of photosynthesis and
respiration?
(1)C
(2) N
(3) H
(4) O
Which factor promotes
competition between organisms
in an ecosystem?
(1.) cycling of materials
(2.) limited resources
(3.) presence of decomposers
(4.) disease
Barnacles often attach themselves to
whales and receive free transportation to
parts of the ocean. The whales are not
affected by this activity. This is an
example of
(1.) mutualism
(2.) decomposers
(3.) commensalism
(4.) parasitism
The symbiotic relationship between a
human and the fungus that causes
athlete's foot is an example of
(1)predation
(2) commensalism
(3) parasitism
(4) decomposition
The relationship between fleas and a
dog is most similar to the relationship
between
(1.) honeybees and flower
(2.) orchids and a tree
(3.) nitrogen-fixing bacteria and a
legume
(4.) athlete's foot fungus and a human
Bacteria of decay are important
components of an ecosystem because
they
(1) recycle organic matter
(2) are involved in photosynthesis
(3) absorb solar energy
(4) slow the spread of disease
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
(1) Commensalism (2) Mutualism
(3) Parasitism
(4) Decomposition
(5) Prey-predator
The relationship between the crocodile and the
leech Parasitism
Bacteria or fungi Decomposition
One organisms is benefits and the other is not
affected Commensalism
Organisms hunt for animals as a source of
food Prey-predator
Both organisms benefit Mutualism
Involved in the recycling of materials back into
the soil. Decomposition
1. What process is occurring in the diagram?
2. What would most likely be found in stage 1?
(1.)fern
(2.) pioneer species
(3.) trees
(4.) mushrooms
3. Stage IV will persist until it is altered by
(1.)a major change in an abiotic factor
(2.) seasonal dieback of vegetation
(3.) the reappearance of lichens and mosses
(4.) the growth in diameter of the trees
4. What is biotic factor for animal succession in each stage?
(1.) plant species (2.) sunlight (3.) soil minerals (4.) moisture
1. Which stage represents a
pioneer community?
B
2. Identify the process involving
the replacement of stage B by
stage C and the replacement of
stage C by stage D in a particular
location.
Succession
3. Which stage would best
represent a climax
community?
E
Which statement concerning the climax
stage of an ecological succession is
correct?
(1.) It is the first community to inhabit an
area.
(2.) It consists entirely of plants.
(3.) It persists until the environment changes.
(4.) It changes rapidly.
1. Identify the process represented in the diagram..
Succession
2. What will this area most likely be if no human
intervention or natural disaster occurs by the year 2050?
Forest
Which would NOT be considered a
renewable resource?
(1.) coal
(2.) solar power
(3.) ocean waves
(4.) hydroelectric power
1. Which substance is the major cause of
the loss of our stratospheric ozone
shield?
(1.) CFC's
(2.) oxygen
(3.) acid rain
(4.) carbon dioxide
2. Give an example of a negative effect of
ozone depletion.
More UV radiation reaching Earth’s
surface  increase in cancer,
destruction of producers, eye damage
1. Which is NOT an expected effect of
global warming?
(1.) Melting of polar ice caps.
(2.) Flooding of coastal areas.
(3.) Increased crop yields.
(4.) Alteration of rainfall patterns
2. Identify two possible causes of global
warming.
Melting of polar ice caps  flooding
Climate change
Habitat destruction
There is ample evidence to
suggest a direct relationship
between global warming and
increased
(1.) ozone concentration
(2.) carbon dioxide concentration
(3.) acid rain
(4.) CFC's
Which factor is a major cause of
global warming?
(1) increased burning of fuels
(2) increased number of green
plants
(3) decreased mineral availability
(4) decreased CO2 in the
atmosphere
1. Deforestation will most directly result in an
immediate increase in
(1) atmospheric carbon dioxide
(2) atmospheric ozone
(3) wildlife populations
(4) renewable resources
2. What are some other negative effects of
deforestation?
Habitat destruction