Transcript Digestive System Study Guide WORD BANK 1

Digestive System Study Guide
WORD BANK 1-18:
Gall bladder peristalsis
duodenum large intestine small intestine
liver chemical digestion
mechanical digestion
cell
organism
mucus organ system sphincter stomach
organ
mouth
pancreas
tissue
1. ______________- slippery secretion that coats the inner walls of the digestive tract –
helps with the movement of food – also protects the stomach and small intestine from gastric juices.
2.______________- wavelike motion that pushes food and helps to break it down.
3._______________- group of different types of tissues that work together to do a specific function.
4._______________- this organ is about 6 to 8 m long – most nutrients are absorbed here.
5. ______________-first 25cm of the small intestine – where most digestion occurs.
6._______________- smallest unit of an organism that can function alone; basic building block of life.
7. ______________- muscular organ where chyme is produced by chemical and mechanical digestion.
The digestion of protein begins here. This organ lies between the esophagus and the small intestine.
8. ______________-absorption of water and electrolytes into the blood occurs here.
9. ______________- This is where mechanical digestion starts the breakdown of food and amylase
chemically starts the break down of starches.
10. ______________- an organ that makes digestive enzymes and hormones to regulate sugar levels.
11. _____________- bile is stored in this small sac like organ.
12. ______________- group of organs that work together to perform a specific function.
13.______________- rings of thickened muscles that help in the passage of food through the digestive tract
– keep food moving in one direction.
14. _______________- a complete living thing.
15.______________- series of actions that break chemical bonds in nutrients so they can be absorbed into
the blood stream – done by the digestive enzymes.
16. _______________- tearing and grinding action of the teeth, the mixing and mashing action
of the tongue, the churning of food by the muscles that line the walls of the digestive tract, and the breaking
down of large fat droplets into smaller ones through the action of bile.
17. _____________- a large organ that makes bile, stores and filters blood and stores excess sugar.
18. _______________- group of similar cells that work together to carry out a specific function.
19.
Which of these pictures shows the inside of the small intestine?
Why is this shape so important to the digestive process?
20. Fill in the blanks to describe the digestion of a taco
(a mixture of carbs, proteins, and fats.)
Word bank: anus, mechanical digestion, rectum, chemical digestion, carbs,
proteins, fats, bile, liver, villi, peristalsis, chyme, diffusion, osmosis, bloodstream,
water, mouth, amylase, sugars esophagus, cellular respiration.
Digestion begins in the _______________ as the teeth perform ________________
by tearing, mashing, and grinding the food. The ______________ are then broken
down by chemical digestion as the __________________ in saliva chemically
changes the complex carbs/starches into simple ______________. The food then
passes from the mouth to the _________________ and wave like muscle
contractions push the food into the stomach. This is called ___________.
Once food has entered the stomach mechanical digestion occurs as the stomach
muscles churn the food and ________________________ occurs as the stomach
acids break down the _________________ into amino acids. Food then is a soupy,
acidic mixture called _____________.
Once inside the small intestine, ___________ is sent from the gallbladder. (Bile is
made by the ______________.) Bile helps break down the ____________ in the
small intestine. Other enzymes are sent here to break down any other foods that
were not completely digested. Folds in the small intestine called ___________ are
packed full of nutrient absorbing cells. There, the nutrients are absorbed into the
________ by _______________. The nutrients are carried to the cells so cells can
perform __________________. At the large intestine _____________ is reabsorbed
into the bloodstream by __________________. Any materials that can not be used
are packed into a semi solid waste. Waste is stored in the ________ and eliminated
through the _________________.
21. -30. Label the digestive system