Transcript hot air balloon ride

C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 6.9C
8.3B
11-5
In the diagram above, a wind turbine is transforming energy from the wind.
Between which two steps in the diagram is mechanical energy being
converted into electrical energy?
A) 1 and 2
C) 3 and 4
B) 2 and 3
D) 4 and 5
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6C
8.2E
11-6
In a series of controlled experiments, a
student measures the force acting on a
wheeled cart and the cart’s acceleration.
The student’s data are shown.
Based on the recorded observations, what is the mass of the cart in
kilograms?
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6A
11-7
A toy train engine rests motionless on a track. One student begins pushing the
engine to the right with a force of 2 newtons. At the same time, another
student begins pushing the engine to the left with a force of 5 newtons. Which
of the following best describes the resulting motion of the engine?
A) It travels left at a constant speed.
B) It travels left at an increasing speed.
C) It travels right at a constant speed.
D) It travels right at an increasing speed
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
The three vehicles are all traveling at a
speed of 15m/s, but only the pickup
truck has a changing velocity.
TEK 8.6B
8.3B
13-3
The pickup truck has a changing velocity because the pickup truck —
A) Can accelerate faster than the other two vehicles
B) Is traveling in the opposite direction from the other two vehicles
C) Is traveling on a curve in the road
D) needs a large amount of force to move
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
Two boxes and their masses are shown.
Which of the following situations shows work being done?
A) A student is sitting in a chair and holding both boxes.
B) A student is holding the large box 1 m above the floor.
C) A student is standing and holding the small box.
D) A student is lifting the small box 0.5m from the floor to a table.
TEK 7.7A
8.2E
13-7
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6A
8.2E
13-10
For an investigation, a student measures the speed of a cart as it rolls down a ramp. The
student then records data in the table.
Which of these best explains the student’s data?
A) The speed of the cart decreases as the cart rolls down the ramp because of friction
between the cart and the ramp.
B) The speed of the cart increases as the cart rolls down the ramp because the force acting
on the cart is greater than the force of gravity.
C) The speed of the cart increases as the cart rolls down the ramp because the forces acting
on the cart are unbalanced.
D) The speed of the cart decreases as the cart rolls down the ramp because the forces
acting on the cart are balanced.?
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6C
13-14
Two cars with different masses travel at the same speed down a hill toward a
stop sign. What will happen when both cars apply brakes at the same time to
stop?
A) The car with the smaller mass will require less force to stop than the car
with the larger mass.
B) The car with the larger mass will maintain its velocity while traveling down
the hill.
C) The car with the smaller mass will take longer to stop than the car with the
larger mass.
D) The car with the larger mass will have less inertia than the car with the
smaller mass.
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
In a demonstration, a rubber ball is
dropped from Position 1. The ball
bounces as shown.
At which position does the ball have
both the greatest kinetic energy and
the least potential energy?
TEK 6.8A
13-19
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
Four students raced toy cars on a track. The mass and the
acceleration of each car is recorded in the table.
Which toy car had the greatest applied force?
TEK 8.6C
8.2E
13-22
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 6.8D
8.2D
13-28
A car travels at a constant speed of 15m/s for 2 minutes. The car increases its
speed from 15m/s to 25m/s during the next minute and then travels at a
constant speed of 25m/s for 2 more minutes. Which of the following graphs
best represents the car’s motion during this 5-minute period?
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
A student walks 2 km in 30 minutes. What is the student’s
average speed in km/h?
TEK 6.8C
8.2E
13-30
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6A
8.2E
13-36
Some students measure the acceleration of a wheeled cart being
acted on by varying forces. The students record their data in the
table above. According to the data table, how much force is acting
on the cart when the students measure an accelerationof2.6m/s2?
A) 13N
B) 7N
C) 8N
D) 12N
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
The diagram shows a hot air balloon
rising. Propane gas tanks are seen at the
bottom of the balloon.
What energy transformations occur when
propane gas is used to lift the balloon?
TEK 6.9C
8.3B
13-39
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6C
8.3B
13-41
Sometimes tectonic plates do not move easily past one another, and the
plates become stuck. Forces build up, and when the plates finally move,
tension is released, as shown below. The sudden movement of plates is
caused by –
A) the mass of the plates
B) the weight of the plates
C) Unbalanced forces
D) gravitational force
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6A
8.3B
13-54
The diagram shows a boat moving north in a river at 3 m/s while the current in
the river moves south at 1 m/s.
How will the boat be affected if it enters a part of theriver where the current is
moving south at2m/s?
A) The boat will move slower. B) The boat will move faster.
B) The boat will stop.
D) The boat will move to the west.
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
A student lets a toy car roll four times down a ramp
that is 1 m long. Each time the student covers the
surface of the ramp with a different material. The
student measures the time it takes the car to roll
down the ramp and records the results in the table.
Which of these would be the best conclusion based
on the data in the table?
A) Different surfaces affect how fast a toy car accelerates.
B) Different toy cars travel at different speeds.
C) Gravity has little effect on the speed of toy cars on different surfaces.
D) Air resistance is the greatest factor in limiting the acceleration of different toy cars.
TEK 8.6C
8.2E
14-1
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
Four students were asked to classify the
activities of the people in the picture as
examples of either potential or kinetic energy.
Which student correctly classified the
activities?
TEK 6.8A
8.2E
14-4
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 6.9C
14-9
When a lion eats a zebra and then uses the energy from the zebra to
run, the lion’s body converts —
A) chemical energy to mechanical energy
B) electrical energy to chemical energy
C) chemical energy to light energy
D) mechanical energy to chemical energy
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6A
14-17
When a space shuttle was launched, the astronauts onboard
experienced an acceleration of 29.0 m/s2. If one of the astronauts
had a mass of 60.0 kg, what net force in newtons did the astronaut
experience?
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 6.8D
8.2E
14-23
The graph shows distance over time. Which of these situations could be represented by this
graph?
A) A student walks 1.5 km to a friend’s house in 40 minutes. The two students then walk
another 1.5 km to school in 20 minutes.
B) A student walks 1.5 km to a friend’s house in 20 minutes. The two students then walk
another 1.5 km to school in 40 minutes.
C) A student walks 1.5 km to a friend’s house in 30 minutes. The two students then walk
another 1.5 km to school in 30 minutes.
D) A student walks 1.5 km to a friend’s house in 20 minutes. The two students then walk
another 1.5 km to school in 60 minutes.
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6A
14-27
A student uses a magnet to move a 0.025 kg metal ball. The magnet
exerts a force of 5 N, which causes the ball to begin moving.
What is the acceleration of the ball when it begins to move?
A) 200 m/s2
B)0.125 m/s2
C) 5 m/s2 D) 5.025 m/s2
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6B
14-34
What is the difference between the velocity and the speed of an
object?
A) Velocity is the change in distance over time, while speed is the
change in velocity over time.
B) Velocity has a direction associated with it, while speed has no
specific direction.
C) Velocity has no direction associated with it, while speed has a
specific direction.
D) Velocity is the change in speed over time, while speed is the
change in distance over time.
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 6.8C
8.2D
14-38
Some students were investigating the speed of a toy car they built.
They performed two trials and recorded their data in the table.
What was the average speed of the toy car during the two trials to
the nearest tenth of a m/s?
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6A
14-41
The diagram below shows a sled moving along a smooth, frictionless
track. In which sections of the track will the sled experience an
unbalanced force?
A) Sections 1 and 3
B) Sections 2 and 3
C) Sections 2 and 4
D) Sections 3 and 4
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6C
8.2E
14-43
The masses of four vehicles and the net forces acting on them as
they enter a highway are recorded in the table.
Which vehicle has the greatest acceleration as it enters the
highway?
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 7.7A
8.2E
14-49
Four students volunteered to help a librarian move containers of
library materials. The graph shows the amount of force used to lift
the containers. The numbers in the bars show the mass of each
container. The results for each student helper are shown in the
table.
Based on this information, which student helper did not do any work
on a container?
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6A
14-54
The diagram shows a homemade car being pushed with a force of 25 N. The
force causes the car to move at a constant speed of 3 m/s. What will happen if
the force is changed to 35 N?
A) The car will move at a constant speed of 13 m/s.
B) The speed of the car will not change.
C)The speed of the car will increase.
D) The speed of the car will decrease to 1 m/s.
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
The main parts of a working clothes
dryer are shown in the diagram. This
appliance dries clothes primarily by
converting —
A) electrical energy to heat and mechanical energy
B) mechanical energy to heat and electrical energy
C) electrical energy to heat and light
D) mechanical energy to heat and vaporization
TEK 6.9C
15-3
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
An athlete is trying to lift some weights. He successfully lifts
200 N weights, but when he tries to lift 400 N weights, he is
unsuccessful. Which of these correctly compares the
amount of work the athlete does on the weights?
A) The athlete does no work on either the 200 N weights or
the 400 N weights.
B) The athlete does no work on the 200 N weights but does
work on the 400 N weights.
C) The athlete does work on both the 200 N weights and
the 400 N weights.
D) The athlete does work on the 200 N weights but does no
work on the 400 N weights.
TEK 7.7A
15-5
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 6.8C
15-12
A bus travels 20 km in 30 minutes. What is the average speed of the
bus?
A) 20 km/h
B) 30 km/h
C) 40 km/h
D) 50 km/h
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
During a demonstration of Newton’s laws of motion, a student used the
setup shown in Figure 1. The student flicked the index card with a
fingertip, and the coin fell straight down into a plastic cup as shown in
Figure 2. Which of these best explains why the coin fell straight down
into the cup instead of remaining on the index card?
A) The coin was at rest until the card was removed, so it tended to
remain in the same location. Once the card was gone, the
unbalanced force of gravity caused the coin to fall.
B) Moving the card applied an action force on the coin. Since the card
was gone, gravity applied a reaction force on the coin.
C) The card had less mass than the coin, so a smaller force of gravity
acted on the card. The larger force of gravity on the coin made it
fall.
D) The acceleration of the coin falling into the cup was equal and
opposite to the acceleration of the card.
TEK 8.6C
8.2E
15-14
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6A
8.2E
15-19
Four students push carts filled with sports equipment across the
gym. Each student pushes with the same amount of force. Which
cart has the greatest change in speed?
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 6.8A
8.3B
15-25
A student drew the diagram below to show the movement of water
through a hydroelectric dam. The student used the diagram to
describe changes in the potential and kinetic energy of the water. At
which location is the gravitational potential energy of the water the
greatest?
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6A
8.2E
15-30
A basketball with a mass of 0.60 kg is accelerated with a force of
10.8 N. If resisting forces are ignored, what is the acceleration of the
basketball to the nearest m/s2?
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6C
8.3A
15-35
The diagram below shows two different forces acting on a cyclist riding a bicycle. The total
mass of the cyclist and the bicycle is 100.0 kg. Based on this information, what is the
acceleration of the cyclist?
A) 0.66m/s2 backward, because the force of the air slows the cyclist down
B) 0.66m/s2 forward, because the applied force is greater than the force of the air
C) 2.3m/s2 backward, because the forces are opposite and not equal
D) 2.3m/s2 forward, because the cyclist’s inertia is greater than the force of the air
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6B
15-37
37Which of the following best describes the velocity of an object?
A) 30 m/s
B) 30 m east
C) 30 m/s east
D) 30m/s2
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 8.6C
15-43
A student jumps off a sled toward the west after it stops at the
bottom of an icy hill. Based on the law of action–reaction, in what
direction will the sled most likely move as the student jumps off?
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
A student used a video camera to record
another student dropping a marble
through water in a graduated cylinder. The
students watched the video in slow motion
and made the observations shown. During
which part or parts of the marble’s fall did
the marble experience unbalanced forces?
A) Part 1 only B) Parts 1 and 2 only
C) Part 3 only D) Parts 2 and 3 only
TEK 8.6A
8.2A
15-49
C2: Force, Motion
and Energy
TEK 6.8D
8.2D
15-52
A student runs two times around a running path at a local park. Each
lap is 3 km. The student completes the first lap in 20 minutes. The
student then sits on a bench and rests for 5 minutes before
completing the second lap in 25 minutes. Which graph best
represents the student’s motion?