Transcript The Digestion Process

The Digestion
Process
Food Science
Mrs. Dickerson
So, What is it anyway?!
• Digestion is the process that changes
food into simpler forms that the body can
absorb.
• It is carried out by the Digestion System.
Important Terms
Absorption is the process of nutrients
passing through a cell membrane.
Nutrients are the materials in foods
used by the body to regulate function,
promote growth, repair tissue, and
obtain energy.
What YOU Consume!
• The Average American will consume in
their lifespan….
– More than 50 TONS of food!
– 13,000 GALLONS of fluid!
• THAT’S 12.5 ELEPHANTS!!
• ALMOST 3 15’ x 3’ SWIMMING POOLS!
If we put it in,
it has to come out!
• All of the things that we ingest have to go
through the digestion system in order to
exit our body.
• 3 –Step digestion Process
– Preparation (for digestion)
– Digestion
– Excretion
»PDE!!!
» (might not want to be kissin on this!)
Preparation
• Takes place in the…
– Mouth
• Tongue and teeth prepare food by mastication. (chewing)
• Mastication increases surface area of solid food and mixes
saliva enzymes and water with food.
– Esophagus
• Tube that connects mouth to stomach to deliver food.
– Stomach
• Adds stomach acid to food and churns to further increase
surface area.
• Acid begins to break down some food components.
Digestion
• Takes place in the Small Intestine.
– 20ft. Long
– Enzymes help digest food as it moves
through.
– Nutrients are absorbed
– Microvilli, microscopic protrusions in the SI.
• These millions of sites absorb Nutrients.
A Closer Look
Other Innards that Help the
SI!
• Gall Bladder
– Releases bile acids
– Bile acids break down fats.
• Pancreas
– Releases pancreatic “juice”
– Pancreatic juice breaks down carboydrates,
fats, and proteins.
– Also releases Base to neutralize stomach
acid.
Digestion Cont.
• Water is added to the SI in Large
amounts.
– Helps nutrient absorption.
• All digestion and nutrient absorption
occurs in the small intestine.
Excretion
• All undigested matter in the SI flows to the
Large Intestine.
• 5ft. Long tubing
Excretion
• Large Intestines job is to reabsorb as
much water in the undigested matter as
possible before leaving the body.
– It is like this elephant trying to get as much in
as possible!
Why is Water so important
you ask?!
– Too much water taken
out = Constipation!
– Too little water taken
out = Diarrhea!
Can you label these parts?