Transcript Nutrition & Digestion - Baldwin Schools Teachers

Nutrition &
Digestion
Vocabulary
 Absorption
– to take into
 Calorie – measurement for the
amount of energy in food
 Chemical Digestion – Breakdown
food into new substances
 Enzyme – substance produced by
the body to aid chemical digestion
Vocabulary
Hormone – substance produced and
secreted by the body to control certain
functions
 Mechanical Digestion – breakdown food
into smaller pieces
 Peristalsis – wavelike muscle
contractions to push food through the
digestive system
 Metabolism – all chemical reactions in
the body

Nutrition:
__________
needed for energy to carry
Food
out life functions
 Energy in food is measured in
____________
Calories

Nutrients:
Nutrient
Use
CarbohydratesPrimary source of energy
Starch Sugar  Glucose
Fats
Stored
__________energy
Insulate
__________
the body
Sources
Sugars: Cakes
Starches: Rice
Fried food, nuts
Cushion and support organs
FatsFatty Acids & Glycerol
Proteins
Vitamins
Repair
Build and ________
Fish, Lean meat
Proteins  Amino Acids
Eggs
Regulates Maintains
_________the Vit. C immune
functioning of the body
Vit. D Bones
Nutrients:
Nutrient
Use
Sources
Minerals
Maintain body
functions
Calcium Bones
Iron Red blood Cells
Sodium Muscles
Water
Roughage
(Fiber)
Needed for chemical
reactions to occur
Dissolves nutrients so
they can be transported
throughout the body
Provides bulk to
help push solid
waste out
Water, Juice
Raw Fruit
Raw Vegetables
Bran
Food Labels:
Food Labels:

1 cup or 228 grams
What is the size of one serving? ______________

260
How many calories are in one serving? _______

grams
How many grams of fat are in one serving? 12
______

0 grams
How much fiber is in one serving? ________

2
How many servings are in the container? _______

How many calories would you consume if you ate
520
the whole container? _________
Metabolism:
The chemical reactions occurring in the
body
 Can be effected by hormones,
Gender
Diet
________,
__________,
and aging

Balanced Diet:






Minimum daily intake of all nutrients
Effected by species, size, _______,
Gender
________,
and activity
Age
If you consume more calories than you use,
you will _______
weight
Gain
If you consume less calories than you use,
Lose
you will _______
weight
Limited intake
Scurvy: a disease due to a ________
of vitamin C
Diet affects the fetus during pregnancy
Both pyramids show the amounts of each food
group need daily
 The new food pyramid includes daily exercise and
the old pyramid doesn’t
Digestive System:





Breakdown
_______________
food into useable
Nutrients
substances (____________)
Two types:
1. Mechanical: breakdown food into
Smaller
Pieces
__________
_________
2. Chemical: breakdown food into
Enzymes
simpler substances by using _____________
Absorption: nutrients are taken into the
____________system
to be transported
Circulatory
throughout the body
Organs that food passes
through:
Organ
Function
Mouth
Teeth: Mechanical digestion
Salivary Glands: Chemical digestion starch-> sugar
No
digestion
takes
place
here
Esophagus
Peristalsis: Muscular contraction
Stomach
Proteins broken down to simpler proteins
Secretes a thick wall of mucus
Ulcer
Small
Intestine
Irritation of the lining of the stomach
proteins-> amino acids;
Most digestion occurs here sugars-> glucose; fats->
Increases surface area; nutrients to be fatty acids & glycerol
Villi absorbed in to the circulatory system
Organs that food passes
through:
Organ
Function
Large
Intestine
Water
Absorbs excess ________
to form solid
waste
Rectum
Stores solid waste
Anus
Releases waste
Organs that food does not pass
through:
Organ
Function
Liver
Fats
Produces bile to breakdown _________
Gall bladder
Store bile
Pancreas
Appendix
Produces pancreatic juice to help with end digestion
Small _____________
Intestine
in the _________
Also produces insulin to regulate blood sugar level
No function
Appendicitis---inflamed, needs to be removed
Teeth- Mechanical Digestion –
smaller pieces
Chemical Digestion
StarchSugar
No Digestion
Mechanical and Chemical Digestion
SolidLiquid and ProteinSimple
proteins
Produces Bile
Stores Bile
Absorbs excess water to
make solid Waste
No Function
Produces enzymes for chemical
digestion
Chemical Digestion
SugarGlucose
ProteinAmino Acid
FatsFatty Acid and Glycerol
Stores Solid Waste
Eliminates Solid Waste
Review - Magnetism
Strength is strongest at the poles (end)
 Opposite poles attract, move towards
each other (North and South)
 Like poles repel, push away from each
other (North and North or South and
South)
 The closer the magnets, the greater
the attraction or repulsion
 The farther away the magnets, the
weaker the attraction or repulsion
