Transcript Learning Cycle 1 - People Server at UNCW

Energy, Forces, and Motion
A Grades 3-5 SITE Initiative
2009 North Carolina Professional
Development Institute
Author: Ms. Barbara Glover and
Dr. Sue Kezios
Instructors:
Ms. Beth Brampton, New Hanover County Schools
Dr. Dennis Kubasko, UNC Wilmington
Agenda
• Introductions
• SITE 3-5 Initiative
• Instructional Strategy – Learning Cycle
• Domino Rally
• Thumper
• Building our Roller Coaster
• Content Background
• Conclusion
Introductions
• Karen Shafer – Director, Science and
Mathematics Education Center
• SITE: 3-5 Science is a five-day institute
that focuses on the two-three major
science themes that run through the NC
Science Standard Course of Study for
Grades 3-5.
Introductions
• The Institute themes include:
– Rock Cycle (soil properties, composition/uses
of rocks & minerals, & landforms);
– Ecology (plant growth & adaptations, animal
behavior & adaptations, & interdependence of
plants & animals)
– Energy/Forces/Motion (light, heat, magnetism
& electricity, forces & motion)
– Weather & Climate (water & water cycle,
clouds & climate, global climate change)
Organizing Topics
• In the early grades of science education it is
•
•
imperative to provide an experiential approach
to energy, forces, and motion.
It is important to develop accompanying
vocabulary as it becomes relevant to the
students through their experiences.
A more in-depth theoretical understanding of
energy, forces, and motion need not be
undertaken until middle school.
Organizing Topics (cont)
• The understanding of energy in early
grades is built upon experiences with light,
heat, sound, electricity, magnetism, and
the motion of objects.
– Each type of energy is viewed as a separate
form.
– http://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/index.html
Instructional Strategy
• Engage – The Domino Theory, Thumper
Activity
• Explore – Energy Toys Learning Center
• Explain – Cartoon
• Elaborate – Motion Detectors
• Evaluate – Roller Coaster
• Making Connections
Engage
• The two kinds of energy are stored energy
(Potential) and moving energy
(Kinetic).
• The classic domino rally stores up energy
or gains potential energy as the
dominos are set up. As they fall they
have moving or kinetic energy.
Engage
• Thumper is a ‘model’ for the magic trick
where a table cloth is pulled off the table
while leaving the dishes on the table.
– If the table cloth is pulled off rapidly, the dishes
remain in place (inertia) because the force (a
push or pull) is not transferred from the table
cloth to the dishes.
– If the table cloth is pulled out slowly, then
friction will transfer the force to the dishes and
all will fall off the table.
– http://www.videojug.com/film/how-to-pull-atablecloth-from-under-a-dinner-service
Engage
• Place index card over the mouth of the
glass.
• Position the clothespin on top of the card
so that is standing upright in the center.
• Quickly and forcefully thump the card
from under the clothespin.
– From Thump! Janice VanCleave’s 200 Gooey, Slippery, Slimy,
Weird, and Fun Experiments. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1993
Evaluate
• Make a roller coaster that will have the
following elements: hill, turn and loop.
• State a time limit, work in groups.
• The expectation is that you will:
– explain the order of the elements,
– explain energy input and output,
– explain problems encountered, and
– how well were expectations met.
Evaluate – Web extensions
• Have your students build their own roller coaster!
– http://kids.discovery.com/games/rollercoasters/buildacoaster.html
• Test the hills and loops and control some variables
– http://www.funderstanding.com/k12/coaster/
• How do roller coasters really work? Check here!
– http://science.howstuffworks.com/roller-coaster.htm
• Roller Coaster animation – See the KE and PE applications
– http://www.physicsclassroom.com/mmedia/qt/energy/precoast.cfm
• Design your own interactive roller coaster
– http://www.learner.org/interactives/parkphysics/coaster/
Making Connections
• A real life connection would be automobile
accidents. Forces, motion and energy
transfer have very graphic results. The
type of car (mass), and the speed of the
vehicle will determine the forces applied.
The condition of the road, if it is icy, wet,
sand, etc., would bring friction into the
discussion.
Content Background
• Newton’s 1st Law or the Principal of
Inertia: If an object is left alone, not
disturbed, it continues to move with
constant velocity in a straight line if it was
originally moving or it continues to stand
still if it was just standing still.
Content Background
• Newton’s 2nd Law: The more the force
on an object, the more it accelerates
(speeds up in the direction of the force i.e.
increase velocity). But the more massive
the object, the more force needed to
accelerate it. This is often written as
F = ma
• where F is force, m is mass and a is
acceleration.
Energy, Forces, and Motion
A Grades 3-5 SITE Initiative
Author: Ms. Barbara Glover and
Dr. Sue Kezios
Instructors:
Ms. Beth Brampton, New Hanover County Schools
Dr. Dennis Kubasko, UNC Wilmington
E-mail: [email protected]