Transcript Unit 7: Electricity and Magnetism

S8P5. Students will recognize characteristics of gravity,
electricity, and magnetism as major kinds of forces
acting in nature.
Good Morning!

Come on in and design a cover page to
Unit 7: Electricity and Magnetism.
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Make colorful and creative!!!
Electricity
S8P5. Students will recognize
characteristics of gravity, electricity, and
magnetism as major kinds of forces
acting in nature.
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EQ: What is electricity?
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Answer: (skip 3 lines)
Learning Goals
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LG2: I will demonstrate the advantages and
disadvantages of electricity, describe the difference
between series and parallel circuits, and explain
magnetic force.
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LG3: I will demonstrate the advantages and
disadvantages of electricity while connecting to realworld situations, describe the difference between
series and parallel circuits, and explain magnetic
force.
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LG4: I will demonstrate the advantages and
disadvantages of electricity while connecting to realworld situations, explain the difference between
series and parallel circuits, and explain magnetic
force.
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Electric charges are from protons which
are positive and electrons which are
negative.
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Atoms become charged by gaining or
losing electrons.
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Static Electricity – the accumulation of
excess electric charges on an object.
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Law of Conservation of Charge –
electric charges can be transferred from
object to object but it cannot be created
or destroyed.
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Positive and negative charges exert forces on
each other.
Opposite charges
Attract
Like charges
repel
Conductors vs. Insulators
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Conductors –
material in which
electrons move
easily.
 Ex. Metals
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Insulators – material
in which electrons
are not able to move
easily
 Ex. Wood, plastic,
rubber.
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Electric force – is the attraction or
repulsion between electric charges.
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Electric field – is a region around a
charged object where the object’s
electric force is exerted on other
charged objects.
Charging Objects
Charging by conduction – process of
transferring charge by touching.
Charging by induction – rearrangement of
electrons on a neutral object caused by
nearby charged objects.
Charging by friction – is the transfer of
electrons from one uncharged object to
another by rubbing.
Static Discharge
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EQ: What is an example of static
discharge?
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Answer: (skip 2 lines)
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Static electricity – charges build up on
an object, but they do not flow
continuously.
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Static discharge – The loss of static
electricity as electric charges transfer
from one object to another.
When a negatively charged object and a
positively charged object are brought
together, electrons transfer until both
objects have the same charge.
 Ex. When people shock you
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Lightning is a dramatic example of static
discharge.
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Lightning Foldable!
1.
Raindrops and ice crystals collide
inside storm clouds creating electrical
charges.
Lightning Fact:
¼ of lightning is from cloud to ground
2. Electrical charges separate inside the
cloud with electrons moving to bottom of
the cloud and protons moving to the top.
Fact: Thousands of people are struck by
lightning every year.
3. Negative charges at the bottom of the
cloud force positive charges to build up
on the ground forming a large electric
field.
Fact: Direct lightning kills about 2,000
people each year
4. Step leaders snake down from the cloud
while streamers surge up from the
ground, then –zap- lightning strikes!
Fact: Lightning is roughly 5x’s hotter than
the surface of the sun ~ 54,000 ᵒF
Electricity Timeline
Take up two pages
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Go ahead and cut out the pictures!
Make sure you cut the frames off.
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Don’t worry about the names or year.
1752 Benjamin Franklin
He thought that lightning and electricity
are the same.
 He also created the lightning rod
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1800 Alessandro Volta
He invented the electric battery.
 This is why we call the unit of electric
potential is called the volt.
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1820 Hans Oersted
He discovered that electricity and
magnetism are linked.
 He paved the way for electromagnetism.
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1831 Michael Faraday
He invented the electric motor.
 He also discovered electromagnetic
induction (aka generator)
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1866 Georges Leclanche
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He invented the first modern
electrical batteries and the forerunner of
the modern dry cell battery.
1879 Thomas Edison
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He did not invent the light bulb; he made
improvements to the light bulb that
made it last for many hours.
Use your timeline to answer the
essential question. Should be a
good paragraph.
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EQ: How can we describe the evolution
of electricity?
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EQ Answer:
Batteries
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EQ: hat are batteries made out of?
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EQ Answer:
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Batteries transform chemical energy into
electrical energy.
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A chemical reaction (AKA chemical
change) is a process in which
substances change into new
substances.
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Volta built the first electric battery by
layering zinc, paper soaked in salt water,
and silver.
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Batteries are made up of two different
metals electrodes and electrolytes.
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Electrolytes is a substance that
conducts electric current. (can be solid
or liquid)
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Electrodes are immersed in the
electrolytes. (always solid)
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There are two different types of
batteries: wet cell and dry cell.
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Wet cell is where the electrolyte is a
liquid. (usually salt water)
 Ex. Car Battery
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Dry cell is where the electrolyte is a
paste.
 Battery in a flashlight
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Group discussion:
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Does it matter where you store your
batteries????
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Hypothesis: Do you think cold batteries,
warm batteries, or room-temperature
batteries work better? Why???
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Write at least two sentences.
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Experiment: We are going to test three
different room temperature batteries in
remote controlled cars.
 Blue Car – cold batteries
 Red Car – warm batteries
 Yellow Car – room-temp batteries
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PRYYMXH7DUQ
Conclusion:
Talk in your group and write a conclusion
in COMPLETE SENTENCES!!!!