Transcript Chapter_3.2_3.3The13Colonies

Chapter 3 Lessons 2 and 3
The 13 English Colonies
EQ
1.Which colonies make up each of the three
colonial regions and how are the three regions
different? (Use lots of details!)
Q1: New England Colonies
New England colonies
Included:
- New Hampshire
- Massachusetts/Maine
(part of Mass., counts as
one)
- Rhode Island
- Connecticut
Note: New England
Colonies are
shaded in green on
this map!
Q2: Pilgrims and the Mayflower
• Group of pilgrims called Separatists broke ties with Church of
England (felt it held onto too many Catholic traditons/practices)
• Fled to Americas to avoid religious persecution on ship
called the Mayflower (landed in Plymouth, Mass.)
•
Signed document called Mayflower Compact
• Compact established self government and majority rule
More Info: The Mayflower Compact:
November 11, 1620
Written and signed before
Pilgrims got off ship
Not a constitution, but an
agreement to form a crude govt.
and submit to majority rule
 Signed by 41 adult males
Led to adult male settlers
meeting in assemblies to make
laws in town meetings
Plymouth Plantation
More Info: That First Year…
Winter of 1620-1621
 Only 44 out of the original 102 survived
None chose to leave in 1621 when Mayflower sailed back
Fall of 1621  First “Thanksgiving”
 Colony survived with fur [especially beaver], fish, and
lumber
Plymouth stayed small and economically unimportant
 1691  only 7,000 people
 Merged with Massachusetts Bay Colony
Q3: Religious Freedom
• Puritans = Wanted to
purify Church of England
• 1630-1640: Puritan
families left in great #s for
New England colonies
• Called the Great
Migration
• Over 20,000 made trip
across Atlantic Ocean
More Info: Characteristics of New England
Settlements
Low mortality  average life expectancy was
70 years of age
Many extended families
Average 6 children per family
Average age at marriage:
 Women – 22 years old
 Men – 27 years old.
Q4: New England Way Of Life
• Religion heavily influenced New England colonies
• Puritans worked with Indians to learn how to survive in
new land
• Led to “New England” way of living (duty, godliness,
hard work, honesty)
• Began fishing and growing wheat and corn mostly for
themselves but some of which was shipped back to
England
Extra Info: Salem Witchcraft Trials
• New England colonies originally centered on church
• By late 1600s began to change
• Several girls from Salem pretended to be bewitched and
falsely accused others of witch craft
• Witch hunts began in 1692, with over 100 people arrested
and tried, and 20 found guilty and put to death
• Ppl took trials as a sign from God to return to strict Puritan
lifestyle
Q5: Middle
Colonies
• Included:
• New York
• New Jersey
• Pennsylvania
• Delaware
*Note: The Middle
Colonies are
shaded purple
on this map.
Q5 Cont.: Middle Colonies
• Middle Colonies located
between New England
colonies to the north and
Southern Colonies to the
south
Q6: Most Diverse Colony Area
• Groups who came to the middle colonies
included:
- Swedes, Dutch, English, Germans, and
Africans, and others
Q7: The Quakers
• Another religious group
• No ministers or Bible, needed “inner light”
• Treated Native Americans fairly
• Why they came: Many were whipped,
imprisoned, and hanged for their beliefs while
in England
Extra Info: The Quakers
• Called Quakers because they “quaked” during
intense religious practices.
Q8: Living in the Middle Colonies
• Religious freedom
attracted many
groups to move to
middle colonies
• Hudson and
Delaware rivers
supported shipping
and commerce
• River valleys had rich
soil and mild winters,
great for farming and
raising livestock
Q9: Southern
Colonies:
• Included:
- Maryland
- Virginia
- North Carolina
- South Carolina
- Georgia
*Note: The
Southern
Colonies are
shaded in red
on this map!
Q10: Location
Factors
• Bordered by
Appalachian mountains
to west and Atlantic
Ocean to east
• Largest colonial area
• Climate and soil good for
warm weather crops like
tobacco and rice
American Long
Grain Rice
Indigo
Corn
Cash Crops grown by
Southern Colonies
Tobacco Plant
Extra Info: Late-Coming Georgia
Founded in 1733
Last of the 13
colonies
Named in honor of
King George II
Founded by James
Oglethorpe
Extra Info: Georgia--The “Buffer” Colony
Chief Purpose of Creating Georgia:
 As a “buffer” between the valuable Carolinas
& Spanish Florida & French Louisiana.
 Received subsidies from British govt. to
offset costs of defense
 Export silk and wine
 A haven for debtors
thrown in to prison
Determined to keep
slavery out!
 Slavery found in GA
by 1750.
Summary!
• What did I learn?
• Write a 4-6 sentence summary answering
the EQ’s using details!
• Remember the EQ’s were:
1.
Which colonies make up each colonial area?
1.
Describe how each colonial area is different. (Use lots of
details!)