Transcript Country Breakout Group-4 (Presentation): Nepal

Presenter : Joint- Secretary – Surendra Subedi
and - Ram Chandra Dangal
7th 3R forum South Australia
Nov 2-4 , 2016
NAMASTE
Good Morning
Acknowledgement
On behalf of Nepal, From
the participants of Nepal,
and Myself like to give
hearty thanks to the
Organizer, The participants
from the different member
countries and The people of
Australia for the overall
management and providing
this opportunity.
Outline of presentation
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Introduction of Nepal
Some more about Nepal
Waste Management in Nepal
Existing Policy and Act for 3R in Nepal
Authorities responsible for healthcare waste
management
Major recycling industries in Nepal
Efforts of Country for Solid waste Management
Challenges faced in implementation
Possible Collaboration
Some Glimpse About Waste Management
Map Of Nepal
Nepal on Globe
Total area: 147,181 Km2 (i.e.
0.1% of global area)
Rich in cultural, ecological and
biological diversity
Population: 26.49 m (48.50% M
& 51.50% F), live in agriculture
dominant environment
Population density: 180 persons
per km2
Lat: 26022’ and 30027’ N
Lon: 80004’ and 88012’ E
NEPAL- Geography and forests
• 44 % forest cover of the total land
• 32% managed by the community
• 68% by the government
Forest
Shrub
Rock/barren
Agriculture land
Physiography of Nepal
China
High Himalayas
High Mountains
India
Middle Mountains
Siwaliks
Terai
NEPAL: Weather & Climate
Climate: Alpine cold semi desert type to
tropical humid type
Season: 4 distinct [Pre-monsoon (M-My), Monsoon
(J-S), Post Monsoon (O-N) & Winter (D-F)]
Rainfall: 1600 mm (165 mm - 5500 mm ) /yr
Precipitation: Varies from East to West
Annual temperature rise: 0.04-0.060C
NEPAL: Biodiversity
• Nepal is very rich in biodiversity due to:
• unique geography (Palaearctic and IndoMalayan BGR)
• with its dramatic change in elevation
(70m - 8,848m from msl)
• high
variability
in
eco-climatic
conditions
• Nepal lies at a transition zone comprising
6 floristic regions (CBD, 2009)
• Nepal is a part of biodiversity hotspot,
among 4 hotspots occurring in the
Himalayan region.
Waste Management in Nepal
Refers to garbage or trash management.
A System for handling all of the trash.
Municipal waste collection, recycling programs,
dumps and incinerator.
Reduce > Reuse > Recycle
Principle followed…..
• The 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) to be
followed for waste management.
Contd…
Existing Policy and Act for 3R in Nepal
• Local Self Government Act, 1992
• Local Self Governance Regulations, 1993
• Solid Waste Management Policy 1996 –
Focused on 3R approach
• Solid Waste Management Act 2011 –
Mandatory act for source segregation
• Environment Protection Act & Regulation 1997
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Authorities responsible for healthcare
waste management
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Ministry of Health
Hospitals, health care institutions
Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development
Ministry of Population and Environment
Ministry of Urban Development
Solid Waste Management Technical Support
Center (SWMTSC)
• Ministry of Science & Technology
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Authorities responsible for healthcare
waste management
• Ministry of Industry
• Ministry of Finance
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Examples of Pilot projects in Nepal
• SWM strategic plans has made in more than 25
municipalities
• Global Partnership for Output Based Aid (GPOBA)
for Solid Waste Management in Pokhara,
Ghorahi, Lalitpur, Tansen and Dhankuta
Municipality of Nepal
• Secondary Town Integrated Urban Improvement
Environment Projects (STIUIEP) in Biratnagar,
Birgung and Butwal Sub-Metropolitan City
• www.swmtsc.gov.np
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Inter-municipal cooperation in areas
for effective waste management
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Strengthening the municipal capacity in 3R
Establish basic infrastructure for recycling
Promotion 3R activities at local level
Behavior change of the people for 3R
Improve financial sustainability in SWM
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Major recycling industries in Nepal
• Plastic Recycling Industries
• Paper recycling industries
• Metal Recycling Industries
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Efforts of Country for Solid waste
Management
• M.Sc. Program in Environmental Science, Environment
Management and Environment Engineering under
various Universities in Nepal have integrated solid
waste management in their academic curricula
• SWMTSC and municipalities have been conducting the
various trainings for communities regarding waste
handling, reuse, recycling of organic and inorganic
waste including composting and other recycling
options of different waste material
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Challenges faced in implementation
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Weak institutional capacity
Rare use of innovative technology
Financial sustainability
Community bargaining in and around landfill sites
Lack of technical human resources for better
management of solid waste
• Lack of awareness and self ownership
• Low level of research and development in the
sector
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Possible Collaboration
• Technical Support
• Human Resources Development
• Financial Support
Some Glimpse About Waste
Management
Resource recovery by the informal sector
at a landfill site.
Compacting Waste
Burning of waste
Leachate Treatment Pond
Organic composting
Plastic bags on suiro hook
Gas ventilation
In addition………………….
Tourism
Sites
Tourism Sites
Cultural
Dances
Foods
Festivals
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