Transcript Chapter 5 The United States

pp. 116-164
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Ch. 5 Section 1: Physical Geography
Physical Features: The East and South
-Atlantic Coastal Plain: is located in the Southeast
-Appalachian Mountains are the main mountain range in the
East/Millions of years of erosion have lowered their highest peak
to about 6,700 feet
Physical Features: The Interior Plains
Great Lakes: The largest group of freshwater lakes in the world;
Important for trade between the United States and Canada
The Great Lakes
Mississippi River: North America’s longest and most important river;
Has many tributaries, or smaller streams or rivers that flow into a
larger stream or river, such as the Missouri and Ohio rivers which
help drain the entire Interior Plains
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Ch. 5 Section 1: Physical Geography
Climate: The East and South
Northeast: Humid continental climate with snowy winters and warm,
humid summers
South: Humid subtropical climate with milder winters and warm,
humid summers
Florida: Warm all year
Climate: The Interior Plains
Most of the region: A humid continental climate with long, cold
winters; hot and dry summers; varying temperatures throughout
the year
Great Plains: Hot and dry summers
The Great Plains
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Ch. 5 Section 1: Physical Geography
Physical Features: The West
-Rocky Mountains: Enormous rugged mountain ranges that rise
above 14,000 feet
-Continental Divide: an area of high peaks in the Rocky
Mountains that divides the flow of rivers towards opposite ends
of a continent. Rivers to the east empty into the Mississippi
River and to the west into the Pacific Ocean.
-Alaska and Hawaii are the only two US states that do not
share a border with any other of the US states.
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Ch. 5 Section 2: History and Culture
People and Culture: Ethnic Groups in the United States
Hispanic Americans: Many came from Mexico, Cuba, and other Latin
American countries. Most live in the southwestern states that border
Mexico.
Native Americans: For thousands of years, Native Americans were the only
people in the Americas. Today most live in the west, particularly in Arizona
and New Mexico.
African Americans: Live in every region, but southern states and many large
cities have a higher percentage.
European Descendants: About 7 out of every 10 people.
Asian Americans: Live mostly in California.
America's Changing Ethnicity
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Ch. 5 Section 2: History and Culture
People and Culture: Language, Religion, Food and Music, and Popular Culture
Language: After English, Spanish is the most widely spoken language. Over
50 million are bilingual, or speak two languages.
Religion: Most people are Christians. Some are Jewish or Muslim. A small
percentage is Hindu or Buddhist
Food and Music: Diverse ethnic foods like Mexican tacos, Italian pasta, or
Japanese sushi are now part of the American diet and are examples of the
influence of diverse cultures on the United States.
Popular culture: American culture, such as movies, television programs,
and sports, are popular abroad.
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Ch5 Section 3: The United States Today
Regions of the United States: The Northeast
Economy: banks, investment firms, insurance companies, respected
universities.
Natural Resources: Rich farmland, coal, steel production, and fishing.
The steel industry grew up around cities close to coal and iron ore
deposits.
Population: Most densely populated region in the U.S. with 40 million
people.
Cities from Boston to Washington, D.C. (the nation’s capital) form a
megalopolis, or a string of large cities that have grown together.
Northeastern US Song
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Ch. 5 Section 3: The United States Today
Regions of the United States: The South
Natural Resources: Rich farmlands grow cotton,
tobacco, and citrus fruit.
Economy: This region is becoming more urban and
industrialized. It is known for its oil refineries and
petrochemical plants.
Important trade centers with Mexico and Central and
South American countries. E.g., Miami
Southern US Song
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Ch. 5 Section 3: The United States Today
Regions of the United States: The Midwest
- One of the most productive farming regions in the world
- Agriculture: Wisconsin, Michigan, and Minnesota are
known for their dairy farms.
- The stretch of land between Ohio and Nebraska is
known for producing corn.
- Trade: Major cities are located near the Mississippi and
Ohio Rivers and the Great Lakes because products are easily
shipped to and from these centers.
Midwestern US Song
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Ch. 5 Section 3: The United States Today
Regions of the United States: The West
California: More than 10 percent of the nation lives
California, where farming, technology, and entertainment are
important industries.
Mineral resources: coal, oil, gold, silver, copper, and others
Oregon and Washington: known for forestry and fishing
Alaska: known for oil, forests, and fish
Hawaii: known for pineapple, sugarcane (both made possible
by fertile soil and a mild climate) and tourism
Western US Song
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Ch. 5 Section 3: The United States Today
Changes in the Nation
The United States has a larger economy and more powerful
military than any other country, making it the world’s only
superpower.
Beneficial trade with Canada, Mexico, China, Japan, and Europe.
1992: The North American Free Trade Agreement, NAFTA, has
made trade easier with Mexico and Canada.
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Ch. 5 Section 3: The United States Today
Changes in the Nation
September 11, 2001: Terrorists hijacked four American
jets and crashed them into the World Trade Center and the
Pentagon. The hijackers wanted to disrupt the U.S.
economy with terrorism, or violent attacks that cause
fear.
9/11 Timeline
US Response to 9-11: The first military action after the
attacks was to send forces to Afghanistan to kill or capture
members of al Qaeda, a terrorist group, and established a
new democratic government in the country.
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Ch. 6 Section 1: Physical Geography
Canada and the U.S. share many physical features.
 The mountains along the Pacific coast and the Rocky
Mountains extend north into western Canada.
 The countries share two physical borders, the St.
Lawrence River, and the Great Lakes.
 The Niagara Falls, which are located between
Ontario and New York State, plunge an average of 162
feet between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.
US/Canadian border
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Ch. 6 Section 1: Physical Geography
Climate
- Much of central and northern Canada has a sub-arctic
climate. The far north has tundra and ice cap climates.
About half of Canada lies in these extremely cold climates.
- Central and eastern southern Canada is humid and
relatively mild.
- The coast of British Columbia is known for its rainy winters
and mild temperatures.
- Inland southern Canada is colder and drier.
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Ch. 6 Section 1: Physical Geography
Minerals
- The Canadian Shield contains most of Canada’s mineral
deposits.
- Lead, copper, gold, silver, nickel, zinc and uranium are mined in
Canada.
- Saskatchewan: potash, a mineral used to make fertilizer
- Alberta: oil and natural gas
The Canadian Shield
Forest
- Vast areas of forests from Labrador to the Pacific coast provide
lumber and pulp.
- The United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan get much of
their newsprint from Canada.
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Ch. 6 Section 2: History and Culture
Movement to cities
- Toronto has become one of the most culturally diverse
(different) cities in the world with people from Europe,
Africa, the Caribbean, Latin American, and Asia.
- Canada’s major cities have increased in size because
of immigration and job opportunities.
- Recently, Canadians have moved to cities in Ontario to
find jobs and to Vancouver, British Columbia for jobs and
climate.
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Ch. 6 Section 3: Canada Today
Canada’s government
- Democratic government with a prime minister as the
leader of the central government, much like the
president is the head of the US government.
- Parliament: House of Commons and the Senate. People
elect members of the House of Commons. Prime minister
appoints members of the Senate.
- The 10 Canadian provinces are headed by premiers
and are very similar to American states.
- Canada's Government
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Ch. 6 Section 3: Canada Today
The Eastern Provinces
- Eastern Provinces include Newfoundland, Labrador, and
the Maritime Provinces, which include New
Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island.
- Most people live in coastal cities. Cities are industrial,
fishing, and shipping centers. Halifax, in Nova Scotia, is the
region’s largest city.
- Most of the economy in the Eastern Provinces is based
on forestry and fishing.
- The Atlantic Provinces of Eastern Canada
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Ch. 6 Section 3: Canada Today
The Heartland
- The Heartland includes Quebec and Ontario
and more than half of all Canadians live in
these two provinces.
- French is the main language in Quebec.
- Montreal (in Quebec) is Canada’s second
largest city and one of the largest Frenchspeaking cities in the world.
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Ch. 6 Section 3: Canada Today
The Heartland (cont.)
- Ontario has a larger population than Quebec and is the
manufacturing center.
- However, the economy of southern Ontario is based
on agriculture.
- Toronto, the capital of Ontario, is an industrial, financial,
educational, and cultural center.
- Ottawa, the capital of Canada, is in Ontario.
Ottawa
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Ch. 6 Section 3: Canada Today
The Western Provinces
- Includes the prairie provinces of Manitoba,
Saskatchewan, and Alberta and British Columbia.
- Wheat, oil, and natural gas production are important
industries.
- British Columbia has four million people.
- Partly due to the coastal city of Vancouver trading with
Asia, British Columbia became the first province to
have a major Asian population.
Vancouver
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Ch. 6 Section 3: Canada Today
The Canadian North
- Includes Yukon Territory, the Northwest Territories, and
Nunavut. Extremely cold due to location near Arctic Circle.
- Although this region covers more than a third of Canada,
only 100,000 people live in this area.
- Nunavut is a new territory for the 30,000 native Inuit
people who live there.
- Even though Nunavut is a part of Canada, it still has a
distinct culture and government.
Nunavut
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Ch. 6 Section 3: Canada Today
Canada’s Economy: Industry
- One of world’s leading mineral producers:
titanium, zinc, iron ore, gold, and coal.
- Iron and steel industry supports plane, car, and
household appliance manufacturing industries.
- Tourism is a fast-growing service industry.
- Most Canadians work in the services industry.
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Ch. 6 Section 3: Canada Today
Canada’s Economy: Trade
- Canada’s economy depends on trade.
- Canada’s main trading partner is the United
States:
60 percent of Canada’s imports are from the
United States. 85 percent of Canada’s exports goes
to the United States.
Review of Canada (or is it?)
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