Transcript Geography of China - Klicks-African-Asian-Wiki

Geography of China
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Location
 Caused Chinese to
think they were at the
center of earth
 Many boundaries
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 Gobi Desert
 Mongolian and Tibetan
Plateaus
 Himalayas
 Mountains to southeast
 Pacific Ocean
Contact with other
Civilizations
 Traded with India
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and the Middle East
via caravans
 Buddhism brought
by travelers from
India
Population
 Over 1.2 Billion People
 1/5 of world population
 Most crowded into
eastern 1/3 of country
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 Due to topography for
farming
 Most Chinese are still
farmers
Landforms
 Mountains and Plateaus cover
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80 percent of China
 Most of West
 Rugged Terrain and Harsh
climate bad for farming
 Leads to scattered
population
 Many Nomads
 Other 20 percent level land
 Coastal Plain and River
Valleys
 Only 1/2 good for farming
 Terrace Farming used
Regions
 China Divided into
Six Regions in Two
Categories
 Heartland
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 North China
 South China
 Outlying Regions
 Northeast
 Mongolia
 Xinjiang
 Xizang
Heartland
 Stretches from Beijing
in North to Vietnam
border in South
 North China
 Hot Summers, Cold
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Winters
 Varying Rainfall
 Crops: Wheat, Millet
 Beijing and Tianjin are
manufacturing centers
Heartland (contd.)
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 South China
 Even richer farming
and Industrial Region
 Mild, Humid Climate
 Crops: Rice, Cotton,
Tea, Veggies
 Region Hilly so
people are packed
around lakes and
River Valleys
Outlying Regions
 Homes to Diverse
Ethnic Groups
 Rich in Natural
Resources
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 Northeast
 Mongolia
 Xinjiang
 Xizang
Northeast
 Once called Manchuria
 Ethnic group who lived
there and conquered in
1600’s
 Many resources:
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 Oil, Iron, Aluminum ore,
Coal, Lead, Zinc
 Sparsely populated due
to cold climate
 Govt. offering
incentives
Mongolia
 Lies in the Gobi
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Desert
 Harsh Climate
 Govt. improving
irrigation to
promote farming
Xinjiang
 Desert Basin
 Important oil-producing
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region
 Govt. attempting to improve
irrigation for production of
wheat and cotton
 Once Isolated now linked to
heartland via railroads
 Home to many non-Chinese
people:
 Muslim Uighurs, Kazakhs,
Kyrgyz
Xizang
 Also known as Tibet
 Sits among several mountain
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ranges including Himalayas
Much of region is barren and
treeless
Farming possible in Valleys
Taken over in 1950
Govt. attempting to develop
rivers for hydroelectric power
May also have mineral wealth
that could help China in Future
Many feel it should be returned
to autonomous statehood
Major Rivers
 3 have been important
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since ancient times
 Used for transportation
and irrigation
 Dangerous to live near
because of flooding,
but also essential for
farming
 Chinese have
developed dikes and
canals to control
flooding
Huang He (Yellow) River
 Located in North China
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emptying into Yellow
Sea
 Name comes from
loess, a yellow brown
soil found in river
 Enriches land on banks
 Also causes terrible
flooding
 Floods bad and good
 Referred to as “River of
Sorrow”
Chang (Yangzi) River
 Carries much of China’s
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Trade
 Port City of Shanghai at
its mouth
 Debate over
development of
Hydroelectric Plants
and Dams on River
 Power vs. Displacment
 Common in Chinese
govt. projects
Xi Jiang (West) River
 Flows through South
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China
 Lets out at
Guangzhou a major
port in and for the
South
 Excellent conditions
for farming along
this river
People
 95 percent Han or
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Ethnic Chinese
 Other groups live in
remote regions
 Different dialects of
Chinese spoken in
different areas
 Mandarin official
official language of
Government (North
China Dialect)