Transcript Migration - Loudoun County Public Schools

MIGRATION: KEY ISSUE
#3
Why do people migrate within a country?
Why do people migrate within a country?
• In the past people
migrated from one
region of a country to
another for better
farmland
• Today principal of
interregional migration
is from rural areas to
urban areas.
Migration between regions of a country
• U.S.
• Opening of American West
changed the center of
population
• Example of large-scale
internal migration
• Movement from:
• Eastern seaboard
• Early settlement of the
interior
• Migration to California/
Oregon
• Migration to the Great Plain
• recent growth of the south.
Changing Center of Population
• Center is the average
location of everyone in the
country
• Point where distribution
causes the flat plane to
balance on the pin
• Loudoun county “mean”
center of U.S. in 1810
• Didn’t move out of VA until
1860 (Ohio)
• Today the “center” is in
Missouri
• Since 1980
Review: Historical Internal Migration of U.S.
• 1st wave
• Westward settlement
• 2nd wave
• 1940s- 1970s
• Manifest destiny
• African-Americans migrating from
• From Eastern seaboard to West
rural south
• To cities in South, North, and
West
• Mechanization of cotton
• Defense jobs (WWI, WWII)
Coast
• Rural-to-urban
• Industrialization cause
• New jobs
• 3rd wave
• Cold War jobs
• Emergence of Sunbelt
• West/ Mid-west growth too
• Economic opportunity
• Air conditioning
• Cheap land
Migration from Rural to Urban Areas
• Began in 1800s
• Industrial Revolution
• United States urban pop
• 1800 – 5%
• 1920 – 50%
• Today 3/4ths of people in
U.S. and other MDCs live
in cities
• Urbanization now diffusing
to LDCs
• Especially Asia
• Most rural to Urban
migrants are moving for
economic opportunities
Migration between regions in other countries
• Russia:
• Interregional migration
important to supporting the
Soviet Union
• People needed to be located
near resources.
• Forced migration to Siberia
• Rich in natural resources
• 45% land mass
• 2% of population
•
Incentives
•
•
Offered higher wages, paid
holidays, early retirement
Didn’t work
•
Collapse of Soviet Union
ended encouragement of
interregional migration.
Brazil
• Encourages
interregional migration
• Most live in large cities
along coastline
• World’s two largest cities
•
• Brazil tried to attract
people to interior of
country by building a
new capital, Brasilia in
1960
• Pull factors such a
improved housing and
job availability
• Couldn’t afford housing
Indonesia
• Since 1969
• Government has paid for
the migration of 5 million
people from the Java to
less populated islands.
• Receive:
• One way air ticket
• 5 acres of land
• Materials to build house
• Year’s worth of rice
Europe
• Principle flow of
interregional
migration in Europe
• from east/south
• to west/north
• Reflects low incomes
and bleak jobs
prospects
Migration within one region
• Intraregional
• Worldwide most
prominent trend is
movement from cities to
suburbs
Migration from Urban to Suburban Areas
• Developed countries
• migration is from cities to
suburbs
• Called Counterurbanization
• Not related to
employment but change
in lifestyle
• yard with fence
• better schools
• safer neighborhoods
• To accommodate, arms on
periphery of cities
converted to
neighborhoods
CRITICAL THINKING
QUESTIONS
Work in GROUPS!!