Transcript Lesson One

Lesson One
Survey of China
geography
Area: it occupies an area of 9560900
square kilometers, which is approximately
1/15 of the land.
Population: 1.31 billion at the end of
of 2006
2006
Situation
China is situated in East Asia by the Pacific
Ocean.
To the east: Korea
To the south: Vietnam, Laos, Burma
To the southwest: India, Bhutan,sikkim,
Nepal
To the west: Pakistan ,Afganistan
Situation
To the northwest: Russia ,Kazakstan, Kirghizia,
Tajikstan
To the north: Mongolia
China faces Japan across the Yellow sea and looks
Toward the Philippines beyond the South China Sea.
Climate
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Distinctive Continental Climate
In the winter: the polar continental mass of
cold and dry air from Siberia permeates a
large part of China
In the summer: the tropical mass of hot and
humid air from the Pacific affects the
weather
The Rainfall
The rainfall appears on a diminishing scale
from southeast to northwest in general
distribution.
Annual Precipitation:
along the southeast coast: more than 80 inches.
the Yangtze Valley: 40 inches
the north: 20 inches or less
Topographical Form
China is high on the relief map in the west but
low in the east.
The land surface from west to east :
the plateau, the mountain and plain categories
A mountainous country with hills , mountains and
plateaus covering 2/3 of the total area.
Vegetation and Animals
Numerous plants: 300000 species representing 2700
genera, of which more than 200 are seen only in
China.There are about 2500 tree species in forestry.
Diverse animals: a few of the renowned species in
their own right.(giant panda and subnosed monkey
in the southwest)
Administration
China is divided into :
23 provinces (the provinces are divided into
approximately 170 prefectures and subdivided
into some 2000 units at local country level)
5 autonomous regions
4 municipalities directly under the Central
Government
2 special administrative regions
Administration
1.The constitution of the people’s republic of China
2. The National People’s congress: the legislative
body which enacts all the important laws in China
and supervise their excution
3.The State Counsel: the executive body of the
highest organ of state administration.
The National Flag, Anthem and
Badge
National flag: five-star red flag
National anthem: The march of the volunteers
National badge:
History
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Historical Setting
1) Primitive, Slavery and Feudalism
Society Period
The Ancient Dynasties
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Dawn of History
Zhou Period
Hundred Schools of Thought
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The Imperial Era
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First Imperial Period
Era of Disunity
Restoration of Empire
Mongolian Interlude
Chinese Regain Power
Rise of the Manchus
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2) Semi-colonial, semi-feudal society
period
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Western Powers Arrive First Modern Period
Opium War, 1839-42 Era of Disunity
Taiping Rebellion, 1851-64
Self-Strengthening Movement
Hundred Days' Reform and Aftermath
Republican Revolution of 1911
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3) Democratic Revolution Period
Republican China
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Nationalism and Communism
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Opposing the Warlords
Consolidation under the Guomindang
Rise of the Communists
Anti-Japanese War
Return to Civil War
founding of the People’s Republic of China