Transcript Module 7_Building Mixed-Income Communities

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Module
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BUILDING MIXED-INCOME
COMMUNITIES NEAR TRANSIT
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Key Concepts and Definitions
Mixed-Income Communities
• Goal to provide housing for existing residents
and workers throughout lifetime
• Low- to Moderate-income households bear
greatest transportation cost burdens
• Location efficient mixed-income housing
reduces Housing and Transportation costs
• Provides housing for a variety of incomes
and stabilizes community
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Key Concepts and Definitions
Housing and Transportation Costs
• Transportation is the second highest
household expense after housing.
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Key Concepts and Definitions
Location Efficiency
• Location is a major factor in transportation
costs for households and businesses
• The Key Drivers of Location Efficiency are:
– Compact neighborhoods
– Walkable streets
– Access to transit
– Mix of use and services
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Benefits of Mixed-Income TOD
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Offers Truly Affordable Housing
Incorporates a mix of uses
Stabilizes Transit Ridership
Broadens Access to Opportunity
Relieves Gentrification Pressures
Provides for a diversity of people - singles,
families, retirees
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Building Mixed-Income Communities Near Transit
Benefits of Mixed-Income
Neighborhoods
• Allows families the ability to continue living
in the same community by providing a mix of
housing types
• Integrates all income levels
• Ensures community stability and
sustainability
• Helps stabilize workforce
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Combined Benefits of Mixed-Income
Communities and TOD
• Providing for a mix of all incomes is good but
providing for a mix of incomes in walkable
neighborhoods near transit is even better.
• Reduces H + T costs
• Demonstrates positive public investment in
community and transit
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Reduced Housing and Transportation
Costs
• Reduced auto ownership
and need to drive
• Opportunity to link a
range of incomes and
household types with
other amenities
• Translates into more
spending power locally
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Challenges
• High cost of land and housing production in location
efficient communities
• Lack of coordination among multiple stakeholders
and sectors
• Market demand for housing near transit drives up
costs
• Mixed-income and mixed-use projects require
complex financing
• Public investment is often needed to provide a mix of
incomes
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Building Mixed-Income Communities Near Transit
4 Strategies to Create or Preserve
Mixed-Income Communities
1. Proactive Station Area
Planning
2. Provide incentives
and ease or remove
regulatory barriers
3. Preservation of
existing housing stock
4. Coordinate
investments in
location efficiency
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Strategy 1: Proactively Plan for Station
Areas
• Brings all stakeholders
together
• Sets the long-term
vision and
implementation steps
• Identifies needs and
opportunities
• Can be done at local,
state, and regional
(corridor)
level
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What Goes Into a Good
Station Area Plan?
• Community
Engagement and
Vision
• Comprehensive Land
Use Plan
• Public Investments in
Roads, Parks, etc
• Implementation and
Financing Plan
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TOD Station Area Plans
Public/open space
Multi-family residential
Residential
Core commercial
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Dallas, TX
Building Mixed-Income Communities Near Transit
Strategy 2: Provide Incentives and
Ease or Remove Regulatory Barriers
• Retool zoning and
financial incentives to
meet goals
• Encourage a mix of
uses to integrate
housing and other
uses
• Allow for increased
density to support
local-serving retail
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Tools to Provide Incentives and Ease
Regulatory Barriers
• Incentive-based or Inclusionary Zoning rewards
desired outcomes (e.g. mix of incomes or park
lands) with incentives such as density bonuses,
streamlined board and/or permit approvals, or
reduced fees
• The desired outcomes and community benefits
need to be indentified at the onset (e.g. parks,
moderate-income housing, etc.)
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Inclusionary
Zoning
as
a
Tool
Use market
momentum to
generate new mixedincome development
• Expand housing
options near transit
with a mix of housing
types, densities, and
income levels
• Affordable levels need
to be calibrated to local
market
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Incentive-based Zoning: Case Study
Massachusetts Zoning
(Chapter 40R )
• Offsets perceived fiscal
impact with direct
funding to cities
• Requires the inclusion
of affordable units in
most private projects
• Addresses gap in lowand moderate-income
housing
Proposed development along the Silver Line in Boston
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Strategy 3: Preservation of Existing
Housing Stock
• More mixed-income
housing exists today
than can be built
tomorrow
• Existing subsidy
contracts have limited
terms
• Existing market
affordability can be
maintained
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Tools for Preservation of Existing
Housing Stock
• Land/property acquisition funds
• Housing Trust Funds
• Retool federal and state policies regarding
the housing stock located near transit
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Land Bank/Land Acquisition Fund
• Preserves
opportunities for
mixed-income housing
as land values rise
• Can leverage market
interest for mixedincome housing
• New models led by
non-profit with City
investment
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Building Mixed-Income Communities Near Transit
Scaleybark Station, Charlotte
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Housing Trust Funds
• Can be used for new
construction or
preservation
• More flexible than
Federal housing
programs
• Can be easily targeted
to efficient locations
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Strategy 4: Coordinate Investments in
Location Efficiency
• Public/private investment
in walkable
neighborhoods near
transit
• Investments in
development around
transit creates value that
can be captured and
reinvested in the
community
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Tools for Improved Location
Efficiency
• Optimizing transit
service
• Walkable streets
• Community amenities
and place-making
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Optimizing
• Access daily
needs
without driving
Transit Service
• Reduced highway
congestion and travel
time
• Access and connections
to the regional
transportation system
PHOTOS/GRAPHICS TO BE ADDED
• Reduced local
congestion
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Walkable Streets
• Street design
accommodates for more
than the automobile
• Active building fronts
• Walk to shops and
services
• Support local businesses
Tokyo, Japan
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Community Amenities and
Placemaking
• Creates walkable and
accessible
neighborhoods
• Stimulates interaction
• Encourages
entrepreneurship
• Fosters innovation
• Encourages reinvestment
in the community
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New Interactive Tools
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H+T Index
www.htaindex.cnt.org
Mixed Income TOD Action Guide
www.mitod.org
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Housing +Transportation Affordability
Index
• An interactive tool that measures the true
affordability of housing based on its location.
• User can find out housing and transportation
costs in their region.
• Database covers over 330 metro regions
• For more information go to
www.htaindex.cnt.org
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Rockland County H+T Costs
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Westchester County H+T Costs
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Mixed-Income TOD Action Guide
• A tool for local jurisdictions working to foster
mixed-income transit-oriented development
(TOD) around planned transit stations.
• Acquire an invaluable set of data that
describes the demographics and marketpotential of the transit district of interest,
• For more information go to www.mitod.org
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Mixed-Income TOD Action Guide
Sample Report
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Mixed-Income Communities Are More
Than Housing
• Housing needs to be
linked to jobs,
shopping, and
community uses
• Other public
investments should
support mixed-income
communities
Bookmark Apartments, Portland, OR
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QUESTIONS?
COMMENTS?
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