Transcript P. Matseshe, HSC., Quality Assurance Manager

WSTF Field Monitors Training Workshop
Introduction to the Kenyan Water and Sanitation Sector
By: P. Matseshe, HSC., Quality Assurance Manager
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
1
Background:
• Before 1974, water was managed by the Department of Water
Development (DWD) which was housed in various ministries including
Public Works, Natural Resources and Agriculture
• In 1974, the Government upgraded the DWD in Ministry of Agriculture’s
into a full Ministry of Water
• The Ministry developed a National Water Policy which was adopted by
Parliament as Sessional Paper No 1 of 1999 in April, 1999. The National
Water Policy on Water Resources Management and Development
provides the policy direction
• In a nutshell, the Policy moved the Ministry away from direct service
provision to regulatory and coordination functions!
• To implement the policy, the Water Act, Cap 372 was repealed and the Water
Act 2002 was prepared
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
2
The Sector Reform Programme:
• The Water Act 2002 was gazetted in 2003 and implementation
began in 2004
• During 2004 to 2005,new institutions were established and
given legal mandates according to the Act
• These institutions include the WASREB, WSBs, WSTF, WRMA
and some WSPs
• The Transfer Plan was approved in July 2005
• The Ministry of Water and Irrigation has already handed over
all water supply utilities to these new institutions
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
3
Institutional Framework under the Water Act, 2002:
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
4
The Ministry of Water and Irrigation
The functions of the Ministry of Water and Irrigation are
policy making and coordination. More specifically, its functions
are to develop and formulate:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Water Resources management Policy
Water and Sanitation Services Policy
Water Quality and Pollution Control Policy
Flood Control and Land Reclamation Policy
Waste Water Treatment and Disposal Policy
National Irrigation Policy and
Policy on Water Schemes and Community Water Projects
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
5
The Water Resources Management Authority
(WRMA)
WRMA is charged with responsibility for:
• Managing, regulating, protecting, apportioning and
• Conserving water resources naturally
• Including trans-boundary waters
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
6
The Water Resources Management Authority (cont.)
For WRMA to achieved its mandate, the country is divided into the
following six regions:
• Lake Victoria North Catchment
•
•
•
•
•
Lake Victoria South Catchment
Rift Valley Catchment
Athi Catchment
Tana Catchment
Ewaso Nyiro North Catchment
Catchment Area Advisory Committees (CAACs) work is to help the WRMA in
water and environmental conservation activities through the regional
managers
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
7
The Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB)
The regulatory role of WASREB includes:
•
Issuing licenses,
•
Setting service standards
•
Establishing guidelines for setting tariffs
•
Providing mechanisms for handling complaints
The responsibility for providing water and sewerage services is
vested in the eight (8) regional Water Service Boards (WSBs)
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
8
The Water Services Boards (WSBs)
The Water Services Boards have been established at the regional
level and delineated on the basis of catchments, administrative
boundaries and economic viability
WSBs are responsible for efficient and economical water and sewerage
service provision in their areas of jurisdiction.
The WSBs have six (6) roles:
1. A regulator (As sole licensee of WASREB it shall ensure that
service standards and guidelines set by WASREB are observed)
2.
Manager and Operator (Maintained and adhered to by its agents
the WSP WSB has responsibility over the overall organisation
supervision and administration of the water services sub-sector
within its area of jurisdiction)
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
9
The Water Services Boards (WSBs) (cont.)
3. Developer
WSB is responsible to ensure that existing facilities are properly maintained
rehabilitated and expanded and new assets established
4. Assets Holder
WSB is expressly required to be new owner (custodian) of Government WSS
facilities/equipment, land and premises
5. Appoints WSP
WSB appoints/contracts WSPs to operate and manage facilities and provide
services in a given area
6. WSP of Last resort
WSB can only do so in certain circumstances with authority
of WASREB
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
10
The Water Service Providers (WSPs)
A WSP is defined as “a company”, as a non-governmental
organisation or other legal entity providing water services
under and in accordance with an agreement with a licensee
(i.e. the Water Services Board).
The key responsibilities of the WSP are:
•
•
•
•
Bidding for service provision
Operating and maintaining facilities
Complying with quality standards and service levels; and
Billing and revenue collection
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
11
The Government has made significant progress in developing an
Environmental Sanitation and Hygiene Policy that mandates the Ministry
of Health to spearhead such activities
The Ministry of Health is expected to provide leadership to all
concerned agencies including MoLG, MWI and NGOs among others in
the sector
The policy has outlined the following instruments in promoting hygiene:
• The use of participatory approaches or methodologies
• Communication approaches that incorporate tested household
health education messages
• Development of training tools and promotional materials
• Conducting campaigns and exhibitions
• Partnerships with media, a national sanitation week or day in line with
the WASH Dakar Road map
The Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation (cont.)
The policy has also outlined the following instruments in promoting
hygiene:
• Proposes the celebration of a sanitation week as an actionoriented program to raise the political profile of sanitation, and
information on a range of safe sanitation options, with clear
implications for aiding household choices
• School sanitation is a top priority within the Policy which has
committed to ensuring that every school has separate boys and
girls sanitary facilities by 2010
• It affirms children’s right to basic facilities, such as toilets, safe
drinking water, clean surroundings and information on hygiene
The Cooperating Partners of the WSTF
The cooperating partners of the WSTF include the following;
• Government of Kenya
• Sida (Swedish International Development Agency)
• Danida (Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs)
• GTZ (German Technical Cooperation)
• KfW (German Development Bank)
• European Union
• Government of Finland
• UNICEF
• WSP (water Sector Programme) of the World Bank
• African Development Bank (ADB)
• K-Rep Bank
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
14
NGOs and CBOs
NGOs, community based organisations and self-help schemes
Other actors include local communities, various institutions,
churches and NGOs who operate and maintain their own water supply
systems
According to the 1994 After Care Study carried out by JICA, 4.8 % of
the total population served was by informal sources:
•
Community: 339
•
Non-Government Organisations: 266
•
Self-help Schemes: 243
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
15
4/9/2016
Phanuel Matseshe, HSC (Quality Assurance
Manager)
16