Transcript Korea`s Environmental Policy

AMCHAM Presentation
Tuesday, 09/07/06 11:30 ~ 13:30
Lotte Hotel Charlotte
Room(36thFL.)
Contents
Environmental Mgmt. Conditions &
status
Mid to Long-Term Environmental Policies
Major Policy Implementations
Environmental Mgmt. Conditions & Status
1. Environmental Management Conditions
2. Pollution Status
1. Environmental Mgmt.
Conditions
Environmental Conditions
Small land & high population density
(World’s 3rd, 492 persons/㎢)
97
46% of total population & vehicles in
Seoul Metropolitan Area (11.8% of
total land area)
100
85
S. Korea
78
Advanced
countries
80
※ Population density: 1,830/㎢ (4 times the
60
nat’l average)
※ No. of vehicles: 7,110,000 (approximately
60
15 mil. nationally)
※ Vehicle traffic per ㎞: 290 (4.7 times
higher than Tokyo; 8 times higher than Paris)
37
40
32
30
Growing environmental stress from rapid
22
industrialization and urbanization
Pollution factors
Korea
U.S.
France
SO2
151.1
19.7
17.2
1,836
203
522
114
231
Urban waste
Fertilizer & pesticide
use
435
15
20
7.1
(kg/ha)
1.6
2.4
0
Sewage NOX in
Water
No. of
Nature
coverage metropolitan
quality
preservation species
(thousands) standard (%)
area (%)
area (ppb)
compliance
(%)
Envt.
expenditure/
GDP (%)
Decrease of forested areas & tidal flats due to excessive development
Forested areas: 65,665㎢ in ’92 → 64,885㎢ in ’04 (annual decrease of 78㎢)
Tidal flats: 3,203㎢ in ’87 → 2,550㎢ in ’05 (annual decrease of 36㎢)
National land
development (’92-’04)
Urban land
(1,475 ㎢)
Additional 3,838km² of urban
land expected to be used in
the next 20 years
Forested areas Farmland
(804 ㎢)
(889㎢)
Changes in Environmental Mgmt. Conditions
Rapid industrialization & urbanization
Environmental pollution originated from economic growth and rapid
industrialization & urbanization
Development vs. Preservation & Environment vs. Economy
Social conflicts rising from large-scale development projects
(Ex.: Saemangeum Reclamation Project)
Call for eased environmental regulations due to high oil price and difficulties in biz mgmt.
More leisure time with the inception of 5 day work week
More environmental stress and degradation from increased outdoor activities
Environment, core factor in national competitiveness
Paradigm shift for environmental and economic efficiency and resource recycling society
Advanced countries’ strengthened environmental regulation on products
World Economic Forum Environmental Sustainability
Index
Component
Advanced
Vulnerable
2005 ESI Rank
Environmental
Systems
Reducing
Environmental
Stresses
Reducing
Human
Vulnerability
Social &
Institutional
Capacity
Global
Stewardship
Water quality (7th)
Percentage of absolute
preservation zone (131st)
Nox concentration in air (127th)
Waste recycling rates
(10th)
Coal consumption per populated
land area (144th)
Fertilizer/Pesticide consumption
(138th)
Infant mortality rate (7th)
Percentage of
undernourished population
(1st)
Environmental
governance (23rd)
Private sector
responsiveness (18th)
Participation in int’l
collaborative efforts
(20th)
Deaths from natural disaster
(122nd)
Percentage of renewable
energy (118th)
Percentage of preservation
area (117th)
Green house gas emissions (99th)
Contribution to funding of global
environmental preservation
projects (142nd)
2. Pollution Status
Water Quality
Tap water source quality change in
4 major rivers
BOD (mg/l)
Nakdong
River
5.0
3.0
(%)
Yeongsan
River
Geum River
4.6
4.0
1.9 (Yeongsan)
2.0
50
42.3
40
30
`
1.5 (Geum)
1.2 (Han)
Target water quality achievement rate
of national rivers
2.6
Han
River
1.3 (Han)
20 13.8
1.0 (Yeongsan) 10
1.0
0.8 (Geum)
0.0
’94
’96
’98
’00
’02
’05
’94
’96
’98
’00
’02
’05
Air Quality
Waste Treatment
NOx pollution in Seoul and
metropolitan areas
(ppm)
Municipal waste treatment
(ton/day)
0.034
0.033 (Seoul)
0.03
50,000
40,000
24,588
Recycling
30,000
0.02
0.026 (Metropolitan
area)
0.023
20,000
0.01
10,000
0
47,116
Landfill disposal
0
’96
’98
’00
’02
’05
18,195
8,927
2,025
’94
’96
7,244
’98
’00
’02
Incinera
tion
’04
Mid to Long-Term Environmental
Policies
1. Vision and Goals of Comprehensive Plan for Nat’l Envt.
2. Mid to Long-Term Environmental Mgmt. Strategy
3. Major Environmental Performance Indicator for 2015
1. Comprehensive Plan for National Environment
Vision
Building a more sustainable & advanced nation
 Maintaining and increasing environmental capacity
of the Korean Peninsula
Goals
 Establishing a society for realizing environmental equity
among & within generations
 Creating a sustainable resource management system
 Building a stable, eco-friendly economic system
2. Mid to Long-Term Environmental Mgmt. Strategy
Key environmental mgmt. tasks
Conservation of sustainable nature
Efficient management of natural resources
Establishing a safe and comfortable living environment
Building interdependent relationship between economy and environment
Creating a basis for environmental equity
Enhancing environmental cooperation in Northeast Asia
Taking the lead in global efforts for sustainable development
Environmental mgmt. of
national land
DMZ
3 Pillars of national ecology:
Establishing integrated eco-network in
the Korean Peninsula
Baekdu
Daegan
- Baekdu Daegan mountain range,
DMZ, and island & coastal areas
5 major environmental mgmt. regions:
Implementing region-specific
environmental management
- Seoul metropolitan area,
Chungcheong region, Honam region,
Yeongnam region, and Gangwon region
Island,
Coastal
area
3. Key Environmental Performance Indicator for 2015
92.8
(Germany ’02)
90
83
78.8
90 (U.K. ’03)
60
22 (Paris ’01)
40
38
30
14.6 (OECD average ’03)
32(’09)
22
15
10
7.1
No. of species
(thousand)
Nature preservation area Population w/ public
(%)
Sewage treatment (%)
Advanced countries
2003
2008 (Target)
NO2 density in Seoul
(ppb)
2015 (Target)
Major Policy Implementations
1. 2006 Major Environmental Policy Tasks
2. Environmental Health Policy for Public Health
3. GHG Emission Reduction Policy
4. Increased sustainability of Economic Activities
2006 Environmental Policy Tasks
Beautiful Environment & Healthy Future
Strengthening
environmental
health policy
Receptor-oriented
environmental
health policy
Enhancing
Protection of
vulnerable
people’s health
Protecting people
from hazardous
materials in the
living environment
Clean & safe
indoor air quality
management
Preservation
of healthy land
environment
Environmental
Plan before
development
Improvement
of environmental
impact assessment
system
Establishing
eco-network in the
Korean Peninsula
Securing nat’l
bio-resources
and diversity
Building
clean &
comfortable
living envt.
Establishing
Sustainable
Recycling
economy
Blue sky and
clean air
Establishing
basis for
sustainable devt.
Clean & safe
water
Safe drinking
water supply
Establishing
sewerage
infrastructure
Eco-production &
consumption
Promoting future
env’l technology
Waste recycling
system
Groundwater
quality mgmt. &
soil preservation
Sustainable
water use system
Comfortable
living envt.
Fun environment
education
Global
sustainable
development
Strengthening
measures for
UNFCCC
Measures for
the linkage of
environment
and trade
Enhancing
leadership in
Int’l environmental
cooperation
2. Environmental Health Policy for Public Health
Environmental Health 10 Year Comprehensive Plan
Reducing by half
the population exposed to environmental pollution
by 2015
Environmental Health Policy
Implementation
Health impact assessment
of infants & children
Examining the relation between pollution
and birth defects of nursing mothers,
babies, and infants (’06-’10)
- Examining causes of atopic dermatitis,
Reducing exposure to
hazardous materials
Monitoring system of hazardous
material in children’s goods (’06-)
- Regulation and ban on harmful materials
asthma, and growth disorder
Examining mercury concentration in
fish & shellfish (’06-’08)
Measures for chemical material in
playgrounds (’06)
- Providing advisory for daily maximum
intake for children and others
Protecting children from environmental pollution
Reduction of hazardous chemicals
Enactment of Special Act on POPs Treatment (’06-)
Regulation criteria for production, imports, use,
and discharge of POPs
-
Establishing treatment system for the eradication
of PCBs by 2015
※ Examination on PCB pollution of 4,000 transformers
in schools and hospitals (’06)
Strengthening safety mgmt. of hazardous substances
Designating substances including malachite green,
formaldehyde, lead, and 2 bromine compounds as
restricted or banned materials
Using GPS & RFID technology on vehicles transporting
toxic materials and crack down on illegal trafficking
of unregistered toxic materials on the Internet
3. GHG Emission Reduction Policy
CO₂Emission
Korea: world’s 9th largest CO2 emitter
U.S.
5,652 1st
China
Russia
..
.
S. Korea
3,270 2nd
1,503
Pressure for mandatory
reduction in the 2nd
commitment period
(2013-2017)
3rd
452 9th
Unit: million ton
CO2 emission in ’04 (IEA)
Biggest CO2 emission increase
among OECD countries
99%
16%
Czech Germany
Republic
U.K.
(Feb. 16, 2005)
19%
South
U. Japan
Korea
S.
-5.5%
-13%
* Compared with 1990 level
-25%
Estimated GDP decrease
upon mandatory reduction:
3.4 trillion Won
※ Scenario: 10% reduction of
estimated CO2 emission of 2020
Korean government’s measures for
UNFCCC
Comprehensive measures and action plans for UNFCCC
- 1st phase (1999-’01): 36 tasks including reduction scheme, GHG
reduction base system development, and technology
development
- 2nd phase (’02-’04): 84 tasks including negotiation capability
enhancement, response measures for Kyoto Mechanism, and PR
to the public
- 3rd phase (’05-’07): 90 tasks including UNFCCC implementation
projects, GHG reduction projects, and climate change adjustment
project
Ministry of Environment carries out climate change impact
assessment, measures for climate change adjustment, waste
reduction and air quality improvement scheme.
Implementation of Environmental Tasks
GHG emission management system
- Calculation of emission volume and factor for
electricity generation and other industries
- GHG emission estimation and reporting by cement
and chemical industry, paper manufacturers
Climate change adjustment roadmap for each field
of industry and environment (’06.6-’07.6)
Preparation for GHG emission trading
- mock emission trading of petrochemical and
semiconductor industry (twice a year, starting ’06)
Expansion of voluntary GHG reduction in business
establishments and transportation
Future tasks
Active participation in international efforts for sustainable economic growth
and preservation of global environment
Minimization of economic impact through enhancement of domestic
companies’ capability to adjust to climate change
Early entrance to carbon market through implementation of Kyoto
Mechanism and utilization of accumulated know-how
4. Enhancing Sustainability of Economic
Activities
Eco-friendly production &
consumption
Increasing eco-product market revenue by 16 trillion Won by 2010
Mandatory procurement by
public offices (￦0.26 trillion in
’04 →￦1.4 trillion in ’10)
Preparing green
procurement ordinances
Establishing eco-product
information system (’06.8)
Green Procurement
`
Voluntary green
consumption agreement
with industries
Development & supply of
company-specific
eco-products
Eco-product exhibition &
green purchasing
promotion fair
Green Consumption
`
Inclusion of more items for
eco-label certification
Inclusion of more items for
environmental declaration
of products
Support for sustainable
business mgmt.
Green Production
`
Nurturing Domestic Environment Industry
Environment industry figures
Envt. industry nurturing strategy
Redefining the concept of envt. industry
Global environment industry
[Annual growth]
End-of-pipe
treatment industry
[Market share]
18~20%
S. Korea
2%
-
Technology &
knowledge-based
service industry
Introduction of environmental consulting
with environment review & eco-management
Total
$589 bil.
7%
3%
services
Advanced
countries
World
Asia
More support for domestic companies
abroad
85%
China
-
Domestic environment industry
-
Mostly SMEs (70% w/ less than ￦1 bil. in capital)
- Still in infant stage except for end-of-pipe
treatment
※ Exports of 177 companies in ’05: ￦995.4 bil.
Top priority: businesses with competitiveness
(sewage treatment, desulfurization, CNG buses)
-
Dispatching envt. industry cooperation team
(China) and opening a local branch (Vietnam)
-
Reviewing conditions for entering markets of
India and the Middle East
Conclusion
Korea is making utmost efforts and investments for balanced
development of economy & environment and regions under
limited natural and social conditions.
For sustainable development of Korea, both the government and
economic players should put in efforts and work with each other.
We invite U.S. companies in Korea to join the efforts of making
our society more sustainable.